Since February 2022, an increasing number of refugees from Ukraine and Third Country Nationals (TCNs) entered Belarus. As of 16th of December 2022, the Belarusian State Border Committee has reported 70,935 arrivals from Ukraine since 24 February 2022. The largest numbers entered from Poland (43,801) and from Ukraine (15,890), followed by those entered from Lithuania (9,344) and Latvia (1,900).

This report is based on 805 interviews conducted by IOM’s DTM Belarus in coordination with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus and the Belarusian Red Cross between 01 September and 30 November 2022 by a team of 28 enumerators deployed in all six regions of Belarus: in Minsk (capital) (86 interviews conducted), Minsk (region (85 interviews), and in the regions of Vitebsk (54 interviews), Mogilev (47 interviews), Grodno (91 interviews), Brest(313 interviews), and Gomel (129 interviews). This is the final report of Round 2 of DTM in Belarus in 2022.

IOM Pakistan collects data on the outflows of undocumented Afghan migrants at the Torkham and Chaman border crossing points in an effort to better understand the migration movements of undocumented Afghan migrants returning to Afghanistan from Pakistan. This exercise is part of the European Union funded project “Displacement Tracking Matrix Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (DTM REMAP)”.

Between 1 January and 14 January 2023, 1,316 undocumented Afghan nationals spontaneously returned to Afghanistan, including 686 through the Torkham border point and 630 through the Chaman border point. Border authorities facilitated the return of 987 individuals due to the lack of legal documentation to remain in Pakistan. Therefore, information about these individuals is not included in the count. Although IOM identified 1,316 undocumented Afghan returnees at two border crossings, this may not reflect the total number of undocumented Afghan returnees. Moreover, for this study, only the head of household or representative of the family were interviewed. This means that the number of interviews conducted by the enumerators is lower than the number of returnees recorded by IOM. Between 1 January and 14 January 2023, IOM interviewed 59 respondents.

In order to gain a better understanding of mobility flows and trends throughout West and Central Africa, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) implements the Displacement Tracking Matrix’s Flow Monitoring (FM) tool at key transit points across the region. 

Flow Monitoring activities are conducted in close cooperation with national and local authorities as well as with local partners. The Flow Monitoring tool consists of two main components: the Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR), which captures key data on the magnitude, provenance, destination and mode of travel of mobility flows, and the Flow Monitoring Survey (FMS), individual surveys conducted with travellers to gather detailed information about the profiles, migration experience, and intentions of migrants. Through these activities, the Flow Monitoring tool collects data on migration flows and trends, traveller profiles, migration journeys, and intentions of migrants, so as to obtain a sharpened view of mobility in West and Central Africa. 

In Nigeria, DTM conducts Flow Monitoring activities in several important transit locations in Sokoto and Kano to monitor the movements of passenger buses to and from Niger. The Sokoto FMP covers three migratory routes in Illela, Gada and Sabon-Birnin. And the Kano FMP (Kofar Ruwa Park and Yankaba Park) covers two migratory routes in Dala and Nasarawa Local Government Areas in Kano state.

This report is subdivided into two sections: one section presents data obtained during the FMR and another section presents the key results from the FMS conducted with travellers between July and September 2022. The report presents data collected on flows, routes, provenance, destination and demographic profiles of travellers observed at the FMPs.  

The rainy season in Nigeria typically occurs annually with the greatest concentration between the months of June and September. Many states in Nigeria have been affected by unprecedented heavy rainfalls and floods have devastated various communities. Infrastructure, crops, and shelters have been damaged which led to decimated livelihoods and the displacement of numerous households. Over the past months, the increasing climate variability and the release of excess water from the Lagdo dam in northern Cameroon, have worsened the flood situation which resulted in a renewed situation of widespread displacement across Nigeria.
Between 28 November to 5 December 2022, DTM, in collaboration with the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), the Cross River State Emergency Management Agency (CREMA) and the Nigerian Red Cross Society (NCRS) identified 59,248 individuals in 12,967 households that were affected by the floods in the 9 LGAs of Cross River state that were assessed.

L’année 2022 est marquée par des mouvements de populations très complexes, avec des cas de retour, y compris des retours non réussis, des déplacements de courte durée ont continué également a être signalés dans différentes régions du pays. Une proportion importante de personnes déplacées internes vivaient encore dans les centres urbains du pays dans des conditions précaires et avec des besoins d’assistances permanents, le reste de la population déplacée étant dispersée dans les zones rurales, dans des familles d’accueils ou sur des sites auto-installés. L’amélioration des conditions de sécurité dans certaines localités a permis de faciliter le retour de certains ménages, mais de nombreux obstacles persistent, les empêchant de trouver des solutions durables à leur déplacement.

Afin de trouver des solutions durables au déplacement interne - que ce soit par le retour dans les localités d’origine, l’intégration locale ou la réinstallation - et de prévenir de nouveaux déplacements dans les différentes régions, il est essentiel de comprendre les niveaux relatifs de stabilité dans les lieux accueillant des retournés ou des populations déplacées internes. Par conséquent, la Direction Nationale du Développement Social (DNDS) en collaboration avec l’OIM, a lancé l’enquête de l’Indice de Stabilité (IS) pour évaluer la stabilité des zones accueillant des retournés ou des populations déplacées. L’IS cherche à comprendre quels facteurs influencent la stabilité d’un lieu, ce qui peut éclairer les interventions programmatiques prioritaires le long du lien humanitaire, de paix et de développement afin de renforcer la résilience et la stabilité et de prévenir de futurs déplacements forcés.

On 02 January, armed bandits reportedly attacked the communities Ruwan Bore in Mada ward of Gusau LGA and Yandoton in Yandoto Daji ward of Tsafe LGA, both in Zamfara State. The attack affected 1,151 individuals and displaced 1,140 individuals to the communities Kotorkoshi in Kotorkoshi ward of Bungudu LGA and Damba in Tudun Wada ward of Gusau LGA. As a result of the attacks, 11 fatalities and 12 injuries were reported.

On 04 and 05 January, clashes between herders and farmers were reported in the communities Tachia in Ityuluv ward of Ukum LGA and Nagi in Mbachohon ward of Gwer West LGA, both in Benue State. The clashes affected 646 individuals and displaced 542 individuals to the community Zaki Biam in Uyam ward of Ukum LGA and 100 individuals to Naka IDP camp in Ikaygev
ward of Gwer West LGA. As a result of the clashes, 4 fatalities and 34 injuries were reported.

The DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is deployed to track and to collect information on large and sudden population movements, provide frequent updates on the scale of displacement and quantify the affected population when needed. As a sub-component of the Mobility Tracking methodology in Nigeria, ETT utilises direct observation and a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population per location, enabling targeted humanitarian response planning.

Between 09 and 15 January 2023, a total of 1,366 new arrivals were recorded in locations in Adamawa and Borno States. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Damboa, Dikwa, Gwoza, Hawul, Monguno, Ngala, Kaga and Kala Balge* Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected state of Borno and in Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Michika, Mubi South, Song, Yola South and Yola North LGAs of Adamawa State.