The Horn of Africa and Yemen is one of the busiest and riskiest migration corridors in the world travelled by hundreds of thousands of migrants, the majority of whom travel in an irregular manner, often relying on smugglers to facilitate movement along the Eastern Route. This regional report provides monthly updates on the complex migratory dynamics through Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen and Ethiopia based on diverse data sources and consultations with key informants in the four countries. Moreover, it provides information on the main protection concerns for migrants along the journey, information on the spillover effects of the conflict in Northern Ethiopia observed at the border between Ethiopia, Kenya and Sudan, a specific focus on children and information on the returns from Saudi Arabia to Ethiopia, Somalia and Yemen.

The Transhumance Tracking Tool (TTT), which has been implemented since April 2022 in the regions of Sila, Salamat and Ouaddaï, allows to understand the dynamics of transhumance at the local level. Indeed, this tool combines four components: alert, counting, surveys and mapping.

The main objective of the early warning system is to identify unexpected livestock movements and conflicts, or natural disasters related to natural resources use and agro-pastoral practices in the regions. But also, to understand the existing conflict resolution methods, and to inform partners (state and non-governmental) as soon as possible in order to reduce tensions in the regions of intervention. The system identifies alerts related to a conflict event or disaster (event alert) or to a massive or unexpected movement of livestock (prevention alert). This report presents the alert tool data collected by key informants during the months of january to March 2023 in Sila, Ouaddai and Salamat provinces. 

L’outil de suivi des mouvements de transhumance (Transhumance Tracking Tool – TTT) mis en place depuis avril 2022 dans les régions du Sila, Salamat et d’Ouaddaï permet de comprendre les dynamiques liées à la transhumance au niveau local. En effet, cet outil combine les quatre composantes : l’alerte, le comptage, les enquêtes et la cartographie.

Le système d’alerte a pour objectif de recenser les mouvements inattendus de bétail et conflits ou catastrophes liés à l’utilisation des ressources naturelles et aux pratiques agro-pastorales dans les régions. Aussi, il permet de comprendre les modes de résolution de conflits existants, afin d’informer au plus tôt les partenaires (étatiques et non gouvernementaux) dans l’optique de réduire les tensions dans les régions d’intervention. Ce système permet de recenser les alertes liées à un événement conflictuel, à un désastre (alerte événement) ou à un mouvement massif ou inattendu de bétail (alerte prévention). Ce rapport présente les données de l’outil d’alerte collectées par les informateurs clés pendant les mois de janvier à mars 2023 dans les provinces du Sila, de  Salamat et d’Ouaddai.

The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement, and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Five), and activated on a need basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design.

The DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is deployed to track and to collect information on large and sudden population movements, provide frequent updates on the scale of displacement and quantify the affected population when needed. As a sub-component of the Mobility Tracking methodology in Nigeria, ETT utilises direct observations and a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population per location, enabling targeted humanitarian response planning.

Between 3 and 9 April 2023, a total of 959 new arrivals were recorded in locations in Adamawa and Borno states. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Gwoza, Gubio, Damboa, Kala Balge* and Hawul Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected State of Borno and in Gombi, Hong, Michika, Song, Mubi North, Yola South, Lamurde, Yola North and Fufore LGAs of Adamawa State.

On 05 April, clashes between herders and farmers were reported in the communities of Aila in Egba ward of Agatu LGA and Umogidi in Ugbokpo ward of Apa LGA. Both LGAs are situated in Benue State. These clashes affected 201 individuals and displaced 194 individuals to the communities of Egba in Egba ward of Agatu LGA and Government Secondary School Ogore in Ogore community of Ugbokpo ward in Apa LGA. As a result of the clashes, seven fatalities and 9 injuries were reported.
On 08 April, an attack was reported on Ngban IDP Camp in Nyiev ward of Guma LGA in Benue State. An estimated 248 individuals were affected by the violence, and 204 were displaced to Ortessy IDP Camp in Nyiev ward. As a result of the attack, 88 fatalities and 35 injuries were reported.

On 27 March, armed bandits reportedly attacked the communities of Bugai, Awaro, Dagara, Rema, Tashar Keji, Dagara II and Ungwan Malam Shehu in Magajin Gari ward of Birnin Gwari LGA of Kaduna state. These attacks affected 4,264 individuals and displaced 4,186 individuals to Bagoma community which is approximately 12 km south. During the incident, about 72 individuals were abducted. The displaced are currently hosted in Bagoma Primary School, neighbouring houses and nearby communities in the Bagoma community. As a result of the attacks, six fatalities and 13 injuries were reported.

On 23 March, a clash between herders and farmers was reported in the community of Atakpa in Oshigbudu ward of Agatu LGA in Benue state. The clash affected 252 individuals and displaced 249 individuals from the community of Atakpa to the community of Oshigbudu Town in Oshigbudu ward of Agatu LGA. As a result of the clash, 3 fatalities and 12 injuries were reported.

On 15 March, armed bandits reportedly attacked the communities of Gidan Zago, Kuturu, Maijema, Yanbicci, Kare, Tsangamawa, Sabon Gida, Gidan Shaho and Gidan Duwa in Dauran ward of Zurmi LGA of Zamfara state. It was suspected that the attacks were an act of retaliation after military operations that took place in the same area earlier that week. The attacks affected 21,900 individuals and displaced 21,898 individuals to the community of Nasarawa in Zurmi ward of Zurmi LGA. As a result of the attack, 2 fatalities and 9 injuries were reported.

The objective of the Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is to collect information on large and sudden population movements as well as security and climatic emergencies. Information is collected through phone interviews with key informants and direct observation. This dashboard presents information on population displacement which occurred since 7 April 2023 in the ONA-Ville neighborhood located in the municipality of Thomazeau (West district), following armed attacks

This neighborhood, located in the 4eme Section des crochus in the municipality of Thomazeau (West district), has faced attacks of armed individuals as of 7 April 2023. In addition to loss of life, burning and looting of houses, these attacks have also caused the displacement of approximatively 1,226 individuals (279 households) who took refuge in many neighborhoods in different municipalities of the West district : Thomazeau (41% of displaced persons took refuge in locations of this municipality), Croix-des-Bouquets (27%), Tabarre (21%), Delmas (7%) and Cité Soleil (4%). A little over half of displaced persons are hosted in host communities (51%) while the remaining 49 per cent are hosted in 3 spontaneous sites including 2 newly ones created by this displacement wave (Ecole Lumane Casimir and Eglise Wesleynne) and one site which existed since 2022 (Place Cercine).

The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement, and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Five), and activated on a need basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design.