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As of 15 October 2024, 3.7 million people remain internally displaced (IDPs), while 4.4 million people who had been displaced have since returned to their primary places of residence. According to the World Bank, more than 9 million people in Ukraine are estimated to be living in poverty, an increase of 1.8 million people since February 2022. The pace of recovery in Ukraine is also projected to slow to 3.2 per cent in 2024 from 4.8 per cent in 2023, due to a smaller harvest and persistent labour shortages. With millions seeking safety and stability, often while remaining in displacement, the challenges of maintaining livelihoods and accessing social protection are paramount, necessitating focused interventions to mitigate economic hardships.

This thematic brief provides an overview of livelihoods in Ukraine, focusing on access to employment and exploring its relationship with displacement, returns, and mobility intentions. It aims to shed light on how access to sustainable economic opportunities for displaced and conflict-affected populations may correlate with enhanced resilience, self-sufficiency, and autonomy.

Ushbu hisobot O‘zbekistonda o‘tkazilgan Migratsiya ma’lumotlaridagi bo‘shliqlarni tahlil qilish tadqiqotidan olingan natijalarni umumlashtirib, tegishli milliy ma’lumot bazalari, BMT agentliklari va rivojlanish tashkilotlaridagi mavjud migratsiya ma’lumotlari manbalarini aniqlash va baholashni o‘z ichiga oladi. Ma’lumotlarni ko‘rib chiqish immigratsiya, emigratsiya, qaytgan migrantlar, noqonuniy migratsiya, ichki ko‘chishlar, O‘zbekiston ichidagi qochqinlar va o‘zbekistonlik chet eldagi qochqin maqomidagilar hamda pul o‘tkazmalari kabi asosiy migratsiya mavzularini qamrab oladi. Mazkur hisobot O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti huzuridagi Statistika agentligi (O‘zStat), Ichki ishlar vazirligi, Tashqi mehnat migratsiyasi agentligi va Markaziy bank kabi asosiy davlat organlari ma’lumotlarini migrantlar jinsi, yoshi, kelib chiqish hududi yoki borish mamlakati kabi kategoriyalar bo‘yicha ajratilgan holda taqdim etib, har bir yo‘nalishdagi migratsiya jarayonlari bo‘yicha tushunchalar beradi. 

Shuningdek, ushbu hisobot O‘zbekistondagi joriy migratsiya boshqaruvi tizimi va qamrovi haqida ma’lumot beruvchi muhim milliy migratsiya dasturlariga e’tibor qaratadi. Ushbu tahliliy tadqiqot keng qamrovli manzarani taqdim etsa-da, mavjud ma’lumotlarda bo‘shliqlar saqlanib qoladi, xususan, yil bo‘yicha ichki migratsiya ko‘rsatkichlari, demografiya, bandlik, ta’lim va aholi soni bo‘yicha ma’lumotlar yetishmaydi. Qochqinlar va noqonuniy migrantlar, ularning harakat yo‘nalishlari, ijtimoiy xususiyatlari va qaytish holatlari to‘g‘risidagi ma’lumotlar ham yetarli emas. Ushbu ma’lumotlar bo‘shliqlarini bartaraf etish migratsiya sohasidagi tahliliy ishlarni yanada yaxshilaydi hamda migratsiya siyosatini aniqroq rivojlantirishga yordam beradi, jumladan, emigrantlarning ta’lim darajasi yoki vatanga qaytgan migrantlarning bandlik holati kabi nozik masalalarga e’tibor qaratishga imkon beradi. Katta ma’lumotlar (Big data) va yanada batafsil ma’lumotlar to‘plamlariga asoslangan kelgusidagi tadqiqotlar O‘zbekistonning milliy migratsiya siyosatini qo‘llab-quvvatlab, mamlakatning migratsiya landshaftini yaxshiroq tushunishga yordam beradi. 

This report summarizes findings from the Migration Data Mapping Exercise in Uzbekistan, which identifies and evaluates existing migration data sources within national government databases, UN agencies, and development organizations. The data review covers major migration topics, including immigration, emigration, return migration, undocumented migration, internal displacement, refugees hosted in and from Uzbekistan, and remittances. Key government bodies, such as the Statistics Agency under the President of Uzbekistan (UZSTAT), the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Agency for External Labour Migration, and the Central Bank of Uzbekistan contribute data, often disaggregated by variables such as gender, age, and country of origin or destination, providing insights into migration patterns across sectors.

Additionally, this report highlights significant national migration policies, shedding light on both the structure and scope of current migration governance in Uzbekistan. While this mapping exercise offers a comprehensive view, notable gaps remain in the available data, particularly around stock figures, demographics, employment, education, and internal migration stocks by year. Information on refugee populations and undocumented migrants, as well as their movement routes, sociological profiles, and return migration specifics, is especially limited. Addressing these data gaps would enhance analysis and support the development of targeted migration policies, addressing nuances such as education levels among emigrants or employment status of returnees. Future research focused on big data and more granular datasets could further support national migration policies, fostering a clearer understanding of Uzbekistan's migration landscape.

Despite the limitations of data collection, MMP recorded 811 migrant fatalities within the countries that compose the WCA region in 2023. This includes land routes within WCA countries and those that occurred off their coasts. The number of deaths in 2023 is 565 per cent higher than in 2022 when 122 deaths and disappearances were documented.

This report highlights the situation of internally displaced persons affected by Storm Daniel in northeastern Libya as of September 2024.The report highlights that the number of displaced persons has decreased to 32,102, with 93% of those displaced now on pathways toward durable solutions. The majority of IDPs (87%) have access to essential public services like electricity and wastewater management. However, a small percentage (8%) face slightly unpredictable access. A minority of IDPs (3%) are residing in damaged buildings, with one percent living in unsustainable shelter situations.

Profile of Returnees 

Return Migrants Profile

Profile of Returnees 

Following the release of the first edition of PROGRESS 2023 report, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) carried out focus group discussions to understand the nuances of the effects of displacement from the perspectives of individuals who were displaced, had returned or were part of non-displaced communities which hosted IDPs. The focus group discussions served as a forum to share viewpoints that are not often captured by traditional data collection exercises, including affected communities' perceptions of cultural and gendered effects of displacement in their communities. The discussions were conducted in local languages and translated by IOM DTM staff.

This report presents a deeper country-specific dive into the findings of the qualitative analysis of six focus group discussions conducted between 1 and 15 August 2023 in South West Ethiopia People’s region and Afar region with 59 representatives from the IDP, returning IDP and non-displaced resident communities. Sixty per cent of respondents were male and the remaining 40 per cent were female. Seventy-three per cent of respondents were between the ages of 18 and 59, the remaining 22 per cent were older than 60 years, and 5 per cent were youth.

Since June 2022, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) and the Joint IDP Profiling Service (JIPS) have been collaborating on the ECHO-funded project titled “Environmental Degradation and Displacement: Leveraging Citizen-Centered Data to Enhance Humanitarian Programming.” This initiative aims to address the growing challenge of displacement driven by environmental factors. To address this, IOM and JIPS are spearheading a Collective Intelligence (CI) initiative focused on Disaster Displacement and Anticipatory Action, particularly in Humanitarian Implementation Plan (HIP) priority areas in the East and Horn of Africa. The study’s findings will contribute to strengthening early warning systems already operational in Burundi.

Collective Intelligence to Address Environmental Degradation and Displacement 

Collective Intelligence can be understood as the enhanced capability that emerges when groups of people work together, pooling their knowledge, skills, and insights to solve problems and make decisions more effectively than individuals working alone (UNDP, 2021). Using analytical tools to process and synthesise this information, CI can reveal patterns and insights that might not be evident otherwise and ensures that solutions and decisions reflect the collective input of the group, creating effective and inclusive outcomes.

Collective Intelligence Project 

The project, as described below, included Community Consultations in nine collines with 115 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) participants (51% male, 49% female). Data collection using the CI tool covered 65 collines in six communes across four provinces in Burundi, three of which border Lake Tanaganyika, which included 3,373 survey respondents (59% male, 42% female). Throughout the project 2,520 incidences of damage or impacts of weather-related disasters as well as 2,311 prevention and mitigation measures were mapped. The project closed with Community Validation Sessions held in nine collines with 144 FGD participants (52% male, 48% female). This case study can be used to replicate this CI approach in other regions facing similar challenges. As such, this approach will contribute to global efforts in disaster risk reduction (DRR) and enhance community resilience, demonstrating how leveraging the collective knowledge of affected populations can lead to sustainable and impactful solutions.

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