Lake Chad Basin Crisis — Regional Analysis

Since 2014, the Lac Chad Basin region has been affected by multiple incidents and threats, causing the displacement of millions of persons in
the region including internal displaced people and refugees. Affected populations have moved away from their usual place of residence, to settle in areas that are more or less secure, fearing for their lives and those of their families. This situation led to the deterioration of social cohesion and to the installation of mistrust among the different population groups. Besides the insecurity, the region is also affected by the phenomena of disasters (drought, floods etc) triggered by climate change, destroying the houses and agricultural farms of vulnerable populations already living in a difficult situation. The most affected populations are children, women, and elder persons with different vulnerabilities. The security situation and the disaster events have a negative impact on the livelihoods and
the economy of the region, reducing the opportunities for host communities and displaced populations to have a better life.

The four countries of the Lake Chad Basin (Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria) are currently affected by a protracted crisis resulting from a complex interaction of factors, including conflict with Non-State Armed Groups, poverty, underdevelopment and a changing climate. The crisis started in North-eastern Nigeria in 2009 and spread to other countries of the Basin in 2014, generating substantial displacements of population and causing grave humanitarian concerns. This report, which primarily rests on data collected through IOM's Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), presents the evolution of the numbers, locations, characteristics, and profiles of displaced populations between 2016 and 2018.