This report, based on a questionnaire administered through a Kobo toolbox, provides insights into the profiles, experiences, needs, routes travelled and intentions of migrants transiting through Montenegro. Data was collected from 1 January to 31 March 2024. IOM surveyed 319 migrants in Reception Centers Božaj and Spuž, and active transit locations such as bus stops or at key entry and exit locations (Rožaje and Pljevlja) throughout the country.

South Sudan is currently facing a complex humanitarian crisis characterized by extensive internal displacements. The underlying causes of these displacement dynamics are varied and include communal clashes, land disputes, insecurity, violence, natural disasters, and cross-border movements. Between August 1 and August 15, 2024, a series of events led to the displacement of 357 individuals in Jur River County. Information gathered from key informants indicates that these displacements were predominantly instigated by localized conflicts. As a result of these incidents, there has been a significant increase in urgent humanitarian needs among the affected populations. The displaced individuals have identified non-food items, sanitation facilities, and food as their three most pressing requirements necessitating immediate humanitarian assistance. The situation in South Sudan remains critical as ongoing conflicts continue to exacerbate the humanitarian crisis. Immediate intervention is essential to address the urgent needs of those affected by displacement.

South Sudan is currently facing a complex humanitarian crisis characterized by extensive internal displacement. This situation is driven by a variety of factors, including communal conflicts, land disputes, insecurity, violence, natural disasters, and cross-border movements. Each of these elements contributes to the ongoing instability and vulnerabilities experienced by the population. Between August 1 and August 15, 2024, enumerators from the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) documented significant displacement events affecting a total of 35,427 individuals. The majority of these displacements occurred in Warrap state, where 30,904 individuals were affected. Additionally, Northern Bahr el Ghazal state saw the displacement of 4,121 individuals, while Unity state recorded 402 displaced persons. Key informant interviews revealed that many of these displacements were primarily due to disasters associated with flooding. The consequences of these displacements have led to urgent humanitarian needs among the affected populations. Those who have been displaced have identified their most pressing requirements as food security, health services, and shelter. These priorities highlight the critical need for immediate humanitarian intervention to address the basic survival needs of those impacted by this crisis.

Between 26 June and 25 July, flow monitoring surveys were conducted with the population in transit through the Temporary Migrant Reception Centre in the province of Darien. A total of 264 travel group representatives were surveyed. These surveys provided information on 461 people accompanying the person surveyed.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) Pakistan’s Flow Monitoring (FM) provides key insights into the overall migration trends of Afghan nationals returning to Afghanistan, as well as an overview of the profiles of Afghan returnees and their mobility patterns, exploring routes, vulnerabilities, demographics and social characteristics. Between 1 and 15 August, DTM border monitors (BMs) interviewed 373 heads of households through a Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR) form, while 14,294 Afghan returnees were identified through five border crossing points (BCPs) (see map 1). For more information on FM methodology, see page 5.

Highlights

• During this reporting period, DTM teams have observed a decrease of nine per cent in returns compared to the last two weeks of July 2024.
• Cumulatively, from 15 September 2023, 697,693 individuals have returned to Afghanistan. Thirty per cent (206,802 individuals) of this total have returned since 1 January 2024.
• The number of return figures continue to surpass those recorded in the first quarter of 2024.
• Most of the returnees are undocumented Afghans (83%), followed by PoR holders (15%) and ACC holders (2%).

This latest round of Emergency Trends Tracking was initiated in April 2024 to monitor displacements movements during the Gu rainy season. Districts covered in this round include Afgooye, Afmadow, Baardheere, Baidoa, Balcad, Belet Weyne, Belet Xaawo, Cabudwaaq, Dayniile, Dhuusamarreeb, Doolow, Gaalkacyo, Garoowe, Hodan, Jamaame, Jowhar, Kahda, Kismaayo, and Luuq. ETT is a crisis-based tool that tracks sudden displacement triggered by specific events or emerging crises.

The objective of ETT is to help prioritize humanitarian response and to enable partners to deliver rapid assistance. Based on previous shock induced displacement patterns, the humanitarian community expects that people will continue to move toward urban areas in search of humanitarian services. Consequently, the ETT coverage focuses on the main urban centers and surrounding villages for each assessed district. The data is collected through Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) at the location level, from Sunday to Wednesday every week. It includes information on new arrivals, numbers and demographic of IDPs, reasons for displacement, intentions, humanitarian assistance and priority needs among others.

To facilitate the joint analysis of the CCCM (Camp Coordination and Camp Management) Cluster’s New Arrivals Tracker (NAT) and ETT data, the assistance and needs indicators are identical in both tools.

Within the West and Central Africa (WCA) region, the Sahel stretches from Mauritania to Chad, separating the Sahara desert on the North, from tropical coastal countries to the South. Overall, within the African continent, it spans from the Atlantic Ocean on the West to the Red Sea on the East, separating the desert from the savanna. Migratory routes within the WCA region inevitably cross the Sahel and - throughout their journeys - migrants are facing multiple risks along these routes.

This report compiles information from different data and research activities held within the region in the objective to highlight the diverse dynamics, profiles and risks migrants are facing while travelling on the WCA routes through the Sahel. This dashboard covers the period between January and June 2024 and is based on information from (1) Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) data on mobility trends and population flows; (2) Missing Migrants Project (MMP) data on arrivals to Europe and the Canary Islands, migrant deaths and disappearances; (3) Data on migrants seeking Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR) to and within the WCA region; (4) Expulsions of migrants from other regions to WCA, especially from Algeria and Libya; (5) Transhumance Tracking Tool (TTT) data on the mobility of transhumant populations throughout the Sahel; and (6) Solutions and Mobility Index (SMI) indicators of stability within the Sahelian region.

DTM implements the Baseline Mobility Assessment (BMA) in Kyrgyzstan to track mobility, provide information on population estimates, geographic distribution of migrant workers and return migrants, reasons for migration and countries of return. Data is collected at the village level from key informants and direct observations.

The Baseline Mobility Assessment (BMA) was conducted in all seven oblasts or provinces (Batken, Chui, Issyk-Kul, Jalal-Abad, Naryn, Osh, and Talas) including all 40 rayons or districts within these oblasts, and the two major cities of Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek city and Osh city including the four rayons within Osh city). This assessment covered 999 communities through interviews with 1,159 key informants. Based on the key informants' estimates, 34,966 international migrant workers have been hosted in the assessed communities in Kyrgyzstan from 2020 to April 2024. Concurrently, 44,391 internal migrants are hosted in the assessed communities and 227,629 Kyrgyz nationals are reported to be residing abroad as emigrants. In addition, 128,661 migrants have returned from abroad.