Return Intention

Main findings

• Top countries of stay: Slovakia (80%), Czech Republic (4%), Austria (3%), Germany (2%), Ireland (1%) United Kingdom (1%).
• Intentions: 53% going for a short visit, 39% plan to stay in Ukraine (prospective returnees), and 8% undecided.
• Top needs*: health services (48%), medicines (31%), general information (26%), financial support (22%), language courses (22%), employment (21%). *more than one answer was possible (N=1,135).
• Destinations in Ukraine: 86% to the same oblast of origin, 14% to a different oblast in Ukraine: Zakarpatska (61%), Kyiv city (13%), Lvivska (10%).
• Transport to Ukraine: bus (82%), train (17%), car/minibus (1%).
• Travel mode: 66% alone and  34% in group.
• Experiences of discrimination: 13% experienced discrimination throughout their journey.
• Travelling with children: 68% of the respondents travelled with children aged less than 18 years

З 24 лютого 2022 року біженці з України та третіх країн громадян (ГТН) тікають до сусідніх країн внаслідок  війни. Станом на травень 2023 року в Європі було зареєстровано понад вісім мільйонів біженців з України було зафіксовано по всій Європі. У той же час, майже 13 мільйонів  перетинів кордонів України та третіх країн було зафіксовано майже 13 мільйонів  біженців та мігрантів з України до сусідніх країн, починаючи з лютого країн з лютого 2022 року.

МОМ розгорнула свої інструменти Матриці відстеження переміщень (МОМ) з з середини квітня 2022 року для проведення індивідуальних опитувань у сусідніх країнах з особами, які перетинають кордон з Україною, з метою покращення розуміння основних профілів, моделей переміщення, намірів та намірів та потреб осіб, які переїжджають в Україну. Цей звіт ґрунтується на результатах опитувань зібраних у Республіці Молдова в період з 01 квітня 2023 року по 30 червня 2023 року в двох пунктах перетину кордону - Отачі та Паланка.

Începând cu 24 februarie 2022, refugiații din Ucraina și din țările terțe naționale (TCN) au fugit în țările vecine ca urmare a faptului că  războiului. Începând cu mai 2023, peste opt milioane de refugiați din Ucraina au fost înregistrați în întreaga Europă. În același timp, aproape 13 milioane de  de treceri la frontieră ale trecerilor la frontieră ale cetățenilor ucraineni și ale resortisanților țărilor terțe refugiați și migranți au fost înregistrate din Ucraina în țările vecine țările vecine începând din februarie 2022.

OIM a desfășurat instrumentele sale Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) începând cu mijlocul lunii aprilie 2022 pentru a colecta anchete individuale în țările vecine cu persoane care traversează în Ucraina, cu scopul de a îmbunătăți înțelegerea principalelor profiluri, a modelelor de deplasare, a intențiilor și a nevoile celor care se deplasează în Ucraina. Prezentul raport se bazează pe anchete colectate în Republica Moldova între 01 aprilie 2023 și 30 iunie 2023 în două puncte de trecere a frontierei, Otaci și Palanca.

Since 24 February 2022, refugees from Ukraine and Third Country Nationals (TCNs) have been fleeing to neighbouring countries as a result of the war. IOM has deployed its Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) tools since mid-April 2022 to collect individual surveys in neighbouring countries with persons crossing into Ukraine, with the aim to improve the understanding of main profiles, displacement patterns, intentions and needs of those moving into Ukraine.

This report is based on surveys collected in the Republic of Moldova between 01 July 2023 and 30 September 2023 in two border crossing points with Ukraine, Otaci and Palanca.

Key Findings

• Top 3 countries of stay abroad: Republic of Moldova (48%), Romania (11%), Türkiye (7%)
• Top oblasts of origin: Odeska oblast (35%), Kyiv city and Kyivska (22%), Mykolaivska oblast (7%)
• Intended destinations: going to same oblast of origin (92%), to a different oblast (8%) - mainly to Kyiv city, Vinnytska, and Odeska
• Intentions upon crossing back: long-term stay (58%), short-term visit (38%), don't know (4%)
• Top needs upon crossing back:* financial support (22%), medicines and health services (9%), support with personal safety and security (8%)
• Top areas of assistance received:* food products and meals (29%), financial support (28%), NFI/hygiene items (8%), accommodation (7%).

* More than one answer possible

To gain comprehensive insights into the dimensions of return and reintegration, the International Organization for Migration’s (IOM) Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) unit executed a targeted study within Southern Central Equatoria State, as part of the Reconciliation, Stabilization, and Resilience Trust Fund (RSRTF) project in August 2023. This phase of the study involves a meticulous difference analysis between the baseline and endline, designed to illuminate the shifts in the region’s circumstances and provide clarity regarding its current trajectory. By drawing comparisons between these surveys, the intention is to furnish stakeholders with actionable insights that can inform future humanitarian and developmental strategies, ensuring their relevance and effectiveness.

The findings obtained through the survey serve the purpose of establishing an endline and pinpointing the gaps and barriers that impact reintegration and stabilization efforts in Southern Central Equatoria State. This report presents a comprehensive analysis based on data that is representative of the county level. It is crucial to interpret the findings with an understanding of this scope. While the collected data provides valuable insights into the conditions and trends within the counties, its representation of smaller, sub-county divisions is more indicative in nature. In essence, while the report captures broader county-level trends, it may not precisely detail every nuance or variation present at sub-county levels.

Return and Reintegration Index 

The Return and Reintegration Index combines data (the numerical version of the data) from eight indicators (8 key areas: housing, livelihoods, WASH, health, education, social cohesion, community stability, and protection) into a single number that provides an indication of the favourability of conditions (Stability Index) to the return and reintegration of displaced people. The calculation of the index was done at the household level.

The index score ranges from 0 to 10 where the higher the index the more favourable the conditions are for the return and reintegration of IDPs and refugees.

The calculation of the index was done at the household level and the results were aggregated at all administrative levels and by population type.

The average (mean) index score is 5.56 out of 10 with both the mean and median values indicating that the central tendency of the data is between 5 and 6.

Kajo-Keji and Morobo emerge as the two best-performing counties, as determined by the average (mean) index scores. While ‘Returnees’ and ‘IDPs’ report the highest mean index scores at 5.79 and 5.72 respectively, it’s important to note that the deviation among the different population groups is minimal, with all scores ranging between 5.3 and 5.7. This indicates a relatively uniform experience across the board, suggesting that while some groups are slightly better off, no single group is significantly outperforming or lagging the others in terms of the index score. Returnees and IDPs appear to experience relatively favorable conditions for return and reintegration compared to those who have been relocated.

З 24 вересня по 5 жовтня 2023 року польові команди DTM збирали дані в регіоні Нижня Сілезія, щоб оцінити ситуацію українських біженців, які проживають у регіоні, та отримати інформацію про потреби в працевлаштуванні, житлі, фінансовій стійкості, соціальній інтеграції, бар'єри в доступі до послуг та короткострокові потреби. Загалом було проведено 233 інтерв'ю в громадських місцях, транзитних пунктах, інтеграційному центрі МОМ, а також з низкою місцевих НУО.

Od 24 września do 5 października 2023 r. zespoły terenowe DTM zbierały w województwie dolnośląskim dane, by ocenić sytuację uchodźców z Ukrainy mieszkających w tym regionie i zdobyć wiedzę na temat potrzeb w kwestii zatrudnienia, zakwaterowania, odporności finansowej, integracji społecznej, barier w dostępie do usług i krótkoterminowych potrzeb. W sumie przeprowadzono 233 wywiady w miejscach publicznych, punktach tranzytowych, ośrodku integracyjnym IOM, a także w wielu lokalnych organizacjach pozarządowych.

From September 24th to October 5th, 2023, DTM field teams conducted data collection in Dolnoslaskie voivodeship to assess the situation of Ukrainian refugees living there and gain an understanding of the employment and housing needs, financial resilience, social cohesion, barriers to accessing services and short-term needs of refugees. In total 233 surveys were conducted in public spaces, transit points, the IOM integration center, as well as at a number of local NGOs.

On 21st October 2023, IOM and partners (UNHCR, DRC, and ACTED) conducted a rapid intention survey in Malakal TC to monitor the population dynamics and displacement patterns in the center and to inform humanitarian response. Data collected included movement intentions, preferred intended destination, and reasons for those who intend to remain at the transit center in the short-term response. According to the head count, conducted on October 21, 2023, the center hosts 3,405 individuals, which is a decrease from 7,979 individuals in September 2023.

On 27 September 2023, IOM and partners conducted a rapid intention survey in Renk TC and its area adjacent. The partners included ACTED, Save the Children, Mentor Initiative, Plan International, ADRA, IRC, LWF and GOAL. The purpose of this exercise was to monitor the population dynamics and displacement trends in the center and to inform humanitarian response. . Data collected included movement intentions, preferred intended destination, and reasons for those that intend to remain at the transit center in the short term response.