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 This report compiles flow monitoring survey (FMS) data collected in Yemen between April and June 2024 and provides an analysis of migrants’ demographic and socio-economic profiles, including education and employment backgrounds, reasons for leaving their country of origin or habitual residence, future travel intentions and protection and challenges faced during the journey. Also included are migrants’ employment status prior to moving.

The migration routes in the southern part of Yemen are categorized along two main routes: the south-eastern route towards Shabwah, Hadramawt, and Al Maharah governorates and the north-eastern route towards Lahj and Ta’iz governorates. Both routes are travelled by a large number of migrants each year. The recent actions taken by Yemeni authorities against smugglers along the Lahj coastline represent a significant shift that could reshape migration dynamics in the region moving forward. Through the Flow Monitoring Registry tool, which focuses on total numbers of migrants (as opposed to the more detailed migrant profile established through the FMS).

DTM recorded 4,984 migrants entering Yemen through the south in the second quarter of 2024. This figure represents a decrease of eight per cent compared to the previous quarter.

During the second quarter of 2024, a total of 3,392 surveys were conducted. In Al Maharah (1,017), Lahj (851), Aden (524), Ma’rib (470), Shabwah (447), and Hadramawt (83). The overall number of surveys decreased by seven per cent since the previous quarter. The majority of respondents were young adults between the age of 17 and 25 (87%) searching for economic opportunities (99%), most of whom were single (86%), attained primary education or less (58%), were currently unemployed (93%) and departed from rural areas (51%).

Since October 8 there has been an increase in cross-border incidents between Israel and Lebanon, resulting in the displacement of people both within the South and elsewhere within the country. Since October 10, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) has been conducting the daily monitoring of population movements. The objective of the exercise is to inform preparedness and response planning.

DTM Sudan regularly releases Early Warning Flash Alerts to report on specific incidents that triggered or may trigger sudden displacement across Sudan, including armed clashes, inter/intra communal conflicts, and natural hazards, including fires and floods. This report represents a bi-monthly analysis of incidents reported by Early Warning Flash Alerts released between August and September 2024, providing insights into displacement dynamics across Sudan.  

Key Figures:  

• Between 01 August and 30 September 2024, DTM Sudan reported on 130 incidents triggering displacement across locations in North Darfur, Northern, and Red Sea states, including conflict and floods incidents. 
• Sixteen per cent of alerts were related to conflict or armed clashes, while 83 per cent incidents were related to natural hazards. 
• Since the onset of the conflict on 15 April 2024, the months with the most reported EWs were August 2024 (96), May 2024(34), and December 2023 (30). The states with the most reported incidents were in North Darfur (119), South Kordofan (45) and South Darfur (40) states. 

Note: DTM Sudan Early Warning Flash Alerts are distributed via the DTM Sudan mailing list.  Figures should be treated as preliminary findings only and are subject to change via future verification exercises. Flash alerts report incidents of sudden displacement, and therefore may or may not be indicative of broader displacement dynamics For further information on displacement and mobility across Sudan, see Sudan Mobility Update (8).

IOM Yemen DTM's Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects data on estimated numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis from their locations of origin or displacement, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of estimated numbers, geography, and needs. It also tracks returnees who returned to their location of origin.

From 1 January to 5 October 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 2,819 households (HH) (16,914 Individuals) who experienced displacement at least once.

Between 29 September and 5 October 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 24 households (144 individuals) displaced at least once. The majority of people moved into/within the following governorates and districts:

• Ma'rib (15 HH) – Ma'rib City (13 HHs), Ma'rib (2 HHs) districts. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Al Hodeidah and Sanaa.
• Taiz (5 HHs) – Al Maafer (3 HHs), Al Misrakh (1 HH), Salah (1 HH) districts. Most displacements in the governorate were internal.
• Al Hodeidah (4 HHs) – Hays (4 HHs) district. All displacements in the governorate were internal.

The majority of people moved from the following governorates and districts:

• Al Hodeidah (9 HHs) – Hays (4 HHs), Bayt Al Faqih (2 HH), As Salif (1 HH) districts.
• Ta'iz (6 HHs) – Maqbanah (3 HHs), At Taiziyah (1 HH), Salah (1 HH) districts.
• Sanaa (2 HHs) – At Tyal (2 HHs) district.

IOM identified 70 additional households displaced in the previous reporting period, which covered 22 - 28 September 2024, in the governorates of Lahj (38 HHs), Al Hodeidah (24 HHs), and Ma'rib (8 HHs). These figures have been added to the cumulative displacement total recorded since the beginning of the year.

Between January and June 2024, DTM tracked a total of 1,648 instances of household displacements across the country. Please note that this can include multiple displacement meaning that these are not necessarily 1,648 distinct households. This period witnessed varied trends in displacement, with numbers peaking in January and gradually declining through June with a peak in May. The decrease in displacement figures later in the period might reflect temporary lulls in conflict or seasonal factors, but it also raises concerns about underreported cases in more remote or inaccessible areas.

Ma’rib, Al Hodeidah, and Ta’iz emerged as the most affected governorates, with Marib alone accounting for 770 displaced households. The ongoing conflict in these regions, coupled with economic deterioration, has exacerbated the situation, forcing families to abandon their homes in search of safety. The relatively higher displacement in these areas can be attributed to their strategic significance in the ongoing conflict, making these hotspots of military activity and civilian casualties.

The Flood Displacement Summary summarizes DTM updates on incidents of flood-induced displacement across Sudan.  

Between 01 June and 04 October 2024, DTM Sudan reported 126 incidents of heavy rains and floods that triggered sudden displacement in Sudan. Rains and floods have displaced an estimated 186,765 individuals (37,353 households) from locations across 15 different states across Sudan.  

This report outlines incidents of flood-induced displacement between 21 September and 04 October 2024. Information on earlier reported incidents is available on the DTM Sudan website. 

Highlights   

• DTM observed three incidents of flood-induced displacement between 21 September and 04 October 2024.   
• These reported incidents triggered the displacement of an estimated 5,930 individuals (1,186 households).   
• Approximately 4,040 structures were either partially damaged or destroyed by the rain and floods.   
• An estimated 43 per cent of individuals displaced due to floods were already displaced due to conflict.   

This information was gathered following attacks that occurred in the commune of Saint Marc, specifically in the 5th communal section of Bocozelle, on 3rd of October 2024. A total of 6,270 individuals (1,281 households) were displaced as a result of these attacks. These individuals sought refuge in the communes of La Chapelle, Montrouis, Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite, and Saint-Marc, with 88% of them staying with relatives as host families, while 12% found refuge in three separate sites. At the time of drafting this report, the displacements were still ongoing. Updates will be disseminated by DTM IOM based on observations of new movements.