IOM works with national and local authorities in order to gain a better understanding of population movements throughout Southern Africa. Through the setup of Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs), IOM seeks to quantify migration flows, trends and routes and to gain a better understanding of the profiles of observed individuals at entry, transit or exit points (such as border crossing posts, bus stations, rest areas, police checkpoints and reception centres). This report is an overview of the data collected in these FMPs from 1 to 31 March 2022.

Inter-regional migration from and within the Southern Africa is categorized along the following corridors. The Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs) were set-up in several key transit locations along the corridors to track the movements of passengers: 

•Zimbabwe (Mutare) – Mozambique (Manica)

•Zimbabwe – Zambia (Chirundu)

•Zimbabwe – Botswana (Plumtree)

•Zimbabwe (Beitbridge) – South Africa

•Malawi (Mchinji) - Zambia (Mwami)

•Malawi (Karonga ) – United Republic of Tanzania

•Malawi (Mwanza) – Mozambique (Zobue) 

•Malawi (Mulanje) – Mozambique

•Mozambique (Ressano Garcia) – South Africa

Over the reporting period a total of 72,637 movements were observed across 45 FMPs in the region. The Zimbabwe – South Africa corridor hosted the largest number of movements with 49,483 (68%) followed by the Malawi (Mwanza) – Mozambique (Zobue) corridor with 7,783 (11%) and the Zimbabwe – Zambia corridor with 4,369 movements reported (6%).

At 8:30am (GMT-4) on 14 August, a deadly, shallow earthquake rocked southwestern Haiti just 12km northeast of Saint-Louis du Sud, about 125 kilometers west of the capital Port-au-Prince. The quake severely affected buildings and homes and damaged critical infrastructure and roads, cutting off access to some areas in the southwest, such as national road 7, which connects Les Cayes and Jeremie. As of 25th August, the Haitian Civil Protection General Directorate (DGPC) reports more than 53,000 collapsed building and 83,000 in need of reparation, including at least 62 health facilities, 171 schools and 60 religious buildings so far. DGPC also reports at least 2,248 deaths, approximately 12,763 more injured and 320 persons missing. In addition, at least 700,000 people are in need of humanitarian assistance. The Sud, Grand'Anse and Nippes departments, particularly the cities of Les Cayes, Jeremie and Anse-a-Veaux, were hardest hit, suffering extensive damage and destruction to buildings and homes.

In response, IOM has activated its displacement monitoring tool, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) in the affected départements – Nippes, Sud and Grand’Anse – in close coordination with the General Directorate for Civil Protection (DGCP). The current DTM activities aim to gather basic information on possible displacement locations, assess damages sustained to buildings following the earthquake and understand mobility caused by this event. 

L'Outil de suivi des zones de départ surveille les événements liés aux mouvements migratoires des côtes du Sénégal vers les îles Canaries espagnols (qui, le plus souvent, se déroulent à travers plusieurs étapes intermédiaires), dans le but de documenter la mobilité le long de la route atlantique ouest-africaine (WAAR). Ce rapport présente les données collectées par l'outil de suivi des départs entre le 1er janvier et le 28 février 2022 aux principaux points de départ le long du littoral sénégalais. Les informations sont fournies aux agents recenseurs par les Points Focaux Communautaires (PFC) qui fournissent des informations sur les événements notables observés dans les zones de départ utilisées par les migrants pour se rendre en Mauritanie, au Maroc et aux îles Canaries.

At 8:30am (GMT-4) on 14 August, a deadly, shallow earthquake rocked southwestern Haiti just 12km northeast of Saint-Louis du Sud, about 125 kilometers west of the capital Port-au-Prince. The quake severely affected buildings and homes and damaged critical infrastructure and roads, cutting off access to some areas in the southwest, such as national road 7, which connects Les Cayes and Jeremie. As of 25th August, the Haitian Civil Protection General Directorate (DGPC) reports more than 52,953 collapsed building and 77,006 in need of reparation, including at least 25 health facilities, 127 schools and 60 religious buildings so far. DGPC also reports at least 2,207 deaths and around 12,268 more injured, figures likely to increase in the coming hours and days as 320 are still missing, and at least 650,000 people in need of humanitarian assistance. The Sud, Grand'Anse and Nippes departments, particularly the cities of Les Cayes, Jeremie and Anse-a-Veaux, were hardest hit, suffering extensive damage and destruction to buildings and homes.

In response, IOM has activated its displacement monitoring tool, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) in the affected départements – Nippes, Sud and Grand’Anse – in close coordination with the General Directorate for Civil Protection (DGCP). The current DTM activities aim to gather basic information on possible displacement locations, assess damages sustained to buildings following the earthquake and understand mobility caused by this event. 

L’objectif de l’outil de suivi des urgences est de rassembler des informations sur les mouvements significatifs et soudains de populations. Ce tableau de bord  présente des informations sur des mouvements de déplacement survenus entre le 5 et 18 avril 2022 dans 4 localités du département  du  Mayo-Tsanaga région de l’Extrême-Nord).

The DTM Global Mobility Restrictions Overview provides updates on international air travel restrictions and conditions for
authorized entry. This overview aims to understand how COVID-19 has impacted human mobility, detailing how global
and regional trends in air travel measures have evolved since COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic in March 2020.
The data presented focuses on the changes in public health-related immigration and border management measures. It
provides information intended to support IOM missions and partners in targeted response planning and advocacy for
vulnerable populations who may be affected by changes in global mobility.

During the reporting period (06 to 12 April 2022), a total of 38 movements were recorded - 7 returns (2,591 individuals), 26 arrivals (1,187 individuals), 2 transits (65 individuals) and 3 departures (17 individuals). The largest return movements were recorded in Muidumbe (2,279 individuals) and Montepuez (312 individuals). The largest arrival movements were recorded in Nangade (539 individuals), Muidumbe (202 individuals), Montepuez (191 individuals), and Meluco (180 individuals). The largest departure was observed in Chiure (11 individuals). The largest transit movement was observed in Mueda (41 individuals). Of the total population, 36 per cent of the mobile groups were displaced for the first time, and 64 per cent of reported to having been displaced more than once prior to this movement.

The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement, and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Three), and activated on a need basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design.  

The instability in the Liptako Gourma region of the Central Sahel has triggered significant displacement in communities in the three bordering countries: Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. This complex crisis is fueled by multiple interrelated risk factors, including growing competition over scarce resources, climate change, poverty, lack of livelihood opportunities, communal tensions, demographic pressures, and violence related to organized crime and Non-State Armed Groups. It has led to the death of an estimated 5,000 people in 2021 and has triggered the displacement of more than 2 million individuals throughout the affected countries. However, even as humanitarian and development needs continue to escalate, there is evidence that some displaced persons are returning to their areas of origin or habitual residence, while others face prolonged displacement, including individuals displaced in Northern Mali that left their areas of origin more than a decade ago in 2012.

In order to find durable solutions for internal displacement — whether through return to communities of origin, local integration, or relocation — and to prevent new displacements in the region, it is critical to understand the relative levels of stability in locations hosting returnees or displaced populations. Therefore, IOM has launched the Stability Index (SI) to evaluate and seek to understand which factors influence a location's stability, which can inform priority programmatic interventions along the humanitarian, peace and development nexus in order to strengthen the resilience and stability and prevent future forced displacements. This report presents the results of Stability Index assessments in Niger and Mali.

The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement, and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Three), and activated on a need basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design.