Since November 2021, 276,942 individuals have been displaced by drought in Gedo region. Since round 25, an estimated 8,425 IDPs arrived at the assessed settlements.

To better understand the demographic profiles, living conditions and reintegration processes of Afghan returnees, IOM, under the EU-funded project “Displacement Tracking Matrix Regional Evidence for Migration Analysis and Policy (DTM REMAP)”, developed the Returnee Longitudinal Survey (RLS).

This report provides a snapshot of the seventh round of RLS data collection, which took place from 20 August to 3 September 2022 among Afghan migrants who had returned from Türkiye or the EU between January 2018 and July 2021. A total of 575 returnees (499 from Türkiye and 76 from the EU) were interviewed over the phone across 94 districts in 16 provinces.

Afin de mieux comprendre les mouvements et tendances migratoires en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre, l’OIM, à travers la Matrice de suivi des déplacements (Displacement Tracking Matrix, DTM), met en œuvre l’activité de Suivi des flux de populations (Flow Monitoring, FM). 

Le suivi des flux, qui est mis en œuvre en étroite collaboration avec les autorités et des partenaires nationaux et locaux, est composé de deux outils : l’enregistrement des flux (Flow Monitoring Registry, FMR), qui recueille des données clés sur l’ampleur, la provenance, la destination et les modalités des flux, et les enquêtes individuelles (Flow Monitoring Survey, FMS), conduites auprès des voyageurs afin d’obtenir des informations sur les profils, les parcours migratoires et les intentions des migrants. Le suivi des flux de populations récolte ainsi des données clés sur les flux et les tendances migratoires, les profils des voyageurs, les parcours et intentions des migrants, afin de fournir une meilleure compréhension des mobilités en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre.

Au Sénégal, depuis 2017, plusieurs points de suivi des flux de populations (FMP) ont été progressivement installés dans d'importantes localités du Sénégal  pour faire le suivi des flux migratoires dans le pays récolter des données sur les tendances de mobilité, les profils et les parcours des voyageurs dans le pays.

Après un arrêt des activités entre avril 2021 et mai 2022 marqué par la fermeture des points existants, la collecte de données a repris avec l’ouverture d'un nouveau site à Rosso (Sénégal), permettant de faire le suivi des dynamiques miratoires depuis le nord du Sénégal, zone de passage de la route méditerranéenne occidentale, et des mouvements entre le Sénégal  et la Mauritanie. 

Ce rapport présente les données collectées pendant le deuxième trimestre de l’année 2022 (Avril à juin 2022),  au niveau du seul  FMP actifs au Sénégal.  ​

During the reporting period (15 to 20 September 2022), a total of 103 movements were recorded - 74 arrivals (2,535 individuals), 19 departures (605 individuals), 1 transit (4 individuals), and 9 returns (959 individuals). The largest arrival movements were recorded in Metuge (1,064 individuals), Quissanga (547 individuals), and Mueda (315 individuals). The largest departure movements were recorded in Montepuez (302 individuals) and Metuge (110 individuals). Only one transit movement was observed in Namuno (4 individuals). The largest return movements were observed from Montepuez (788 individuals) to Mocimboa da Praia and within Palma (86 individuals). Of the total population, 33 per cent of mobile groups were displaced for the first time, 34 per cent for a second time and 33 per cent were displaced at least three times.

In Nigeria, transhumance is an established practice among cattle herders to overcome the constraints of the dry season, diseases and conflicts in the upper Sahel region. In recent years, competing claims to natural resources have grown with reports of violent clashes between farmers’ and herders' communities in the Adamawa state of Nigeria. The conflicts between farmers and herders' communities are compounded by factors such as population growth, expanding human settlements, land privatization, year-round farming, environmental degradation, weakened traditional conflict resolving mechanisms and climate change.

The community focal points and key informants collect information on alerts relating to transhumance activities and movements in Adamawa state, to support the Transhumance Tracking Tool (TTT) Early Warning System as a component of the IOM's Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM). This report presents TTT Early Warning data collected in August 2022 in five LGAs of Adamawa State (Demsa, Girei, Lamurde, Numan and Mayo-Belwa). During this period under review, 295 alerts were recorded, including 263 events (89%) and 32 movements (11%). Events alerts include agro-pastoral conflict, intra-and inter-community tensions, Kidnappings, robberies, accidents, and attacks, disasters due to natural hazards, farm destruction, livestock theft, cattle rustling, etc. The highest number of alerts was recorded in Demsa LGA (27%), followed by Girei LGA (26%), Lamurde LGA (17%), Mayo-Belwa LGA (16%) and Numan LGA (14%). Disaggregated data at the ward level suggested that Gereng ward in Girei LGA and Ndikong ward in Mayo-Belwa LGA recorded high numbers at 10 per cent and 6 per cent of the total event alerts in August 2022, respectively.

Some conflict-prone potential risk areas were identified for the month under review in Demsa, Fufore, Jada, Madagali, Maiha, Mayo-Belwa, Numan, Shelleng and Yola South LGAs. These potential risk areas are identified through monitoring transhumance movements and the TTT early warning platform.

The Rainy Season in Sudan typically occurs on an annual basis with greatest concentration between the months of June and September. In 2021, all flooding EETs were implemented between the month of July and September. In 2022, DTM Sudan first implemented its EET to monitor flooding taking place in At Tadamon locality, South Kordofan in May. The need for the implementation of a flooding EET this early in the year reflects the fluctuating raining patterns across Sudan, particularly across the water basins of the two Nile rivers.

The information provided reflects published data collected by DTM Sudan’s Emergency Event Tracking tool up to 22 September 2022. Data collection exercises covering the Rainy Season remain ongoing with the rates of displacement data expected to decrease gradually as the rainy season is beyond its peak. Many localities still remain inaccessible to the humanitarian community due to the extreme weather patterns.

On 12 September, armed bandits reportedly attacked the communities Gidan Illo in Magaji Gari ward and Baruda in Bardoki ward. Both communities are located in Gummi LGA in Zamfara state. The attacks affected 553 individuals and led to the displacement of 551 individuals from their repective communities to Government Unity School Camp in Shiyar Rafi ward, also in Gummi LGA. As a result of the attacks, 2 fatalities and 20 injuries were reported.
Also, on 13 September, armed bandits reportedly attacked Duddai community in Birnin Magaji ward of Gummi LGA in Zamfara state. This attack displaced 396 individuals from their community to Gummi Primary School in Magaji Gari ward of Gummi LGA. As a result of the attack, 2 injuries were reported.  
On 17 September, floods caused by heavy rainfall were reported in the Tudun Matawalli community in Wakili Kudu III ward of Katsina LGA and Matalawa community in Agayawa ward of Ingawa LGA in Katsina state. This affected 609 individuals who were displaced to neighbouring shelters in Sabon Unguwa community in Wakili Kudu III ward and Garin Yandoma community in Yandoma ward. As a result of the floods, 15 injuries were reported.
Following these events, rapid assessments were conducted by DTM (Displacement Tracking Matrix) field staff to inform the humanitarian community and government partners to enable targeted response. Flash reports utilise direct observation and a broad network of key informants to gather representative data and collect information on the number, profile and immediate needs of affected populations.
Nigeria's north-central and north-west zones are afflicted with a multi-dimensional crisis rooted in long-standing tensions between ethnic and religious groups and involves attacks by criminal groups and banditry/hirabah (such as kidnapping and grand larceny along major highways). During the past years, the crisis has accelerated because of the intensification of attacks and has resulted in widespread displacement across the region.

The DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is deployed to track and to collect information on large and sudden population movements, provide frequent updates on the scale of displacement and quantify the affected population when needed. As a sub-component of the Mobility Tracking methodology in Nigeria, ETT utilises direct observation and a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population per location, enabling targeted humanitarian response planning.
Between 12 and 18 September 2022, a total of 1,688 new arrivals were recorded in locations in Adamawa and Borno States. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Dikwa, Gwoza, Monguno and Kala Balge Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected state of Borno and in Fufore, Gombi, Hong, Maiha, Michika, Mubi South, Song, Numan and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa State.
ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: poor living conditions (342 individuals or 20%), floods (323 individuals or 19%), seasonal farming (275 individuals or 16%), improved security (266 individuals or 16%), camp closure (195 individuals or 12%), military operations (164 individuals or 10%), family re-unification (85 individuals or 5%) and access to humanitarian support (38 individuals or 2%).

L’enquête sur les intentions futures des déplacés internes a été menée par la matrice de suivi des déplacements (displacement tracking matrix, DTM) entre avril et mai 2022 sur les sites hébergeant des populations déplacées internes (PDI). Ces évaluations sont nécessaires dans ce contexte de crise volatile durant lequel des ménages se déplacent dans des localités ou sites considérés comme plus sécurisés, puis peuvent être tentés de retourner dans leur zone d’origine en cas d’amélioration de la situation sécuritaire et au cas où d’autres conditions de retour sont réunies. L’estimation des intentions futures de retour ou d’intégration locale durable permettront ainsi de mieux orienter les programmes humanitaires d’urgence et / ou de solutions durables destinés à appuyer le retour ou l’intégration locale des ménages.

L’enquête a été réalisée dans 65 sites de déplacement situés dans les préfectures de Bamingui-Bangoran, Haute- Kotto, Haut-Mbomou, Mbomou, Nana-Gribizi, Ombella- Mpoko, Ouham-Pendé, Basse-Kotto, Ouham, Ouaka et la ville de Bangui. L’évaluation a été menée auprès d’un échantillon de 3 017 ménages. L’échelle de représentativité est la préfecture et l’échantillon a été élaboré selon un niveau de confiance de 95 pour cent et une marge d’erreur de maximum 5 pour cent à l’échelle de chaque préfecture. La répartition de l’échantillon dans chaque préfecture a été déterminée proportionnellement au poids de la population dans chaque site et les ménages ont été aléatoirement interrogés dans chaque site. Le tableau ci-dessous résume les résultats clés de cette évaluation.