According to the latest figures from the Turkish Presidency of Migration Management (PMM), there are more than 4.1 million foreigners in Türkiye, of whom 3.1 million are seeking international protection. Most of them are Syrians 2,901,478 individuals who have been granted temporary protection status. There is an decrease of 313,302 individuals in the number of Syrian nationals under temporary protection in comparison to last year's figures.

According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), there were 230,617 refugees and asylum-seekers in Türkiye as of 2024.

In addition, 1,056,632 foreigners are present in Türkiye holding residency permits including short-term residence permits, family residence permits, student residence permits, long-term residence permits, humanitarian residence permits and residence permits for victims of human trafficking.

According to PMM, 225,831 migrants in irregular situation of different nationalities were apprehended in Türkiye in 2024.

The Annual Overview of Migratory Routes aims to provide a global snapshot of migration in 2024 from a route-based perspective. This approach investigates routes across national and regional boundaries, requiring a multi-country perspective and holistic view of human mobility, which considers people at origin, in transit, and at their destinations. By using this approach, the report seeks to provide an overview of the main dynamics along some of the world’s key migratory routes. It aims to investigate the interconnections between this global network of interdependent routes, bringing together data and analyses from all of IOM’s Regional Data Hubs and the global network of Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) operations.

This report provides a comprehensive global snapshot of the latest trends and data on key migratory dynamics on major routes every four months and on an annual basis.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has been actively implementing its Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) since 2013. The DTM programme in the DRC encompasses a wide range of activities, including displacement and mobility tracking, registration, surveys, and flow monitoring. Through its reports and data, DTM serves as a vital source of information on displacement for the humanitarian community in the DRC by providing comprehensive data on large-scale mobility patterns at both regional and national levels, as well as timely updates on localized or short-term crises.

To improve the quality of DTM’s products in the DRC and meet partners’ requirements, an online survey was conducted from 18 to 25 March 2025. The primary objective of this survey was to gauge user experience and specifically focus on evaluating DTM’s performance as a key provider of human mobility data within the DRC. The survey aimed to gather insights that would guide product development initiatives and enhance the relevance of DTM’s offerings for its partners.

While the respondents to this survey do not constitute a representative cross-section of DTM DRC product users, the insights gleaned from the results provide valuable information regarding partners’ requirements. This data will play a crucial role in shaping the future development and enhancement of DTM’s offerings in the DRC.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) Pakistan’s FM provides key insights into cross-border migration trends, returning Afghan nationals to Afghanistan, their profiles, mobility patterns, routes, vulnerabilities, demographics and other social characteristics. Between 16 and 31 March 2025, DTM border monitors (BMs) interviewed 240 heads of households through a Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR) form, while 9,534 Afghan returnees were identified through five border crossing points (BCPs) (see map 1). For more information on FM methodology, see page 5.

An estimated 931,846 people have crossed into Chad since the onset of the crisis in Sudan, of which 262,035 are Chadian returnees as of end of Mrach 26th, 2025. IOM expects this number to rise to 280,000 through to June 2025 due to ongoing conflict and food insecurity in Darfur.

In February 2025, 46,505 migratory movements were observed at Djibouti's flow monitoring points (FMPs), a 28 per cent increase compared to January 2025. This increase is due, on the one hand, to the Ramadan period, seen by migrants as an ideal border crossing time for those wishing to travel to countries in the Arabian Peninsula, and on the other hand, to the resumption of migratory movements in certain regions of Ethiopia, which have become more fluid and massive. During this period, the number of migrants temporarily halting their journey in Djibouti almost doubled (1,664), an 87% increase compared to January (889) and the highest since September 2024 (3,461). This increase is due to a massive gathering of migrants by smugglers waiting for the start of Ramadan to continue their journey to the Arabian Peninsula. Also, the number of migrants returning from Yemen increased by 14 per cent during this period due to tightened border controls in Yemen.

On 31 March, 01 and 03 April 2025, armed bandits attacked the communities of Asa in Otukpo Town West ward and Bornbricks in Otobi ward of Otukpo local government area (LGA), Anmoda in Oglewu ward of Ohimini LGA and Achagh in Tijime ward of Gwer West LGA, all in Benue State. The attacks affected 95 individuals across 22 households. The affected individuals included 45 children, 23 women, and 27 men, resulting in nine injuries and six fatalities. 
 

Between 31 March and 6 April 2025, 236 new arrivals were recorded at locations in Benue State. The new arrivals were recorded in Kwande, Ukum, and Ushongo local government areas (LGAs) of Benue State.

Between 31 March and 6 April 2025, a total of 530 new arrivals were recorded at locations in Adamawa and Borno states.

On 31 March 2025, attacks and heightened fear of violence by Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs) in Nacuale village, Ancuabe District, triggered the displacement of approximately 10,727 individuals (2,324 households) as of 3 April 2025. Among the displaced population, 3,675 are women, 5,140 are children, and 1,912 are men.Displaced households have sought refuge across both displacement sites and host communities in Ancuabe, Macomia, and Quissanga districts. Of the total displaced population, 3,922 individuals (792 households) have relocated to the Natove and Marokani relocation sites within Ancuabe district. The remaining 6,805 individuals (1,532 households) have taken shelter in host communities, including Naputa and Bairro 25 de Junho (Ancuabe), Napulubo and Machova (Macomia), and Tororo (Quissanga).

Key informants report that food, shelter, and non-food items (NFIs) remain the most urgent humanitarian needs. IOM's Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) continues to monitor displacement dynamics in real-time to support evidence-based humanitarian planning and response efforts across northern Mozambique. For more information on displacement trends, please refer to IOM’s Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) online dashboard.