Flow Monitoring

The baseline assessment was conducted in 2 Districts (Kisoro & Isingiro) and 1 City (Mbarara City) in Southwestern sub-region of Uganda at the sub county level (19 sub-counties/Admin 2). The baseline assessment was crucial for identifying the numbers and locations of target populations (refugees, returnees & the host community) and understanding the impact of refugees on the host community.

The findings reveal that economic factors (32%), food scarcity (30%), and family reunification (13%) are the top three reasons for most refugees movements out of the settlement. Mbarara City hosts a larger proportion of refugees within the community (51%) compared to Isingiro, hosting Nakivale settlement (42%), and Kisoro, which contains the transit center (7%). Additionally, a higher percentage of departing refugees are male (57%), predominantly aged between 18 and 45. 

Results showed that many refugees return to settlements mainly for family reunification (46%), with other reasons including economic factors (28%) and food shortages (23%). Refugees primarily find livelihoods in casual labor (78%), trade (75%), and farming (66%). Their presence has increased the labor supply (45%), provided economic benefits (28%), and improved access to social services (9%).

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) Pakistan’s FM provides key insights into the overall migration trends of Afghan nationals returning to Afghanistan, as well as an overview of the profiles of Afghan returnees and their mobility patterns, exploring routes, vulnerabilities, demographics and social characteristics. Between 1 and 15 October, DTM border monitors (BMs) interviewed 515 heads of households through a Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR) form, while 11,513 Afghan returnees were identified through five border crossing points (BCPs) (see map 1). For more information on FM methodology, see page 5.

HIGHLIGHTS

• During this reporting period, DTM teams have observed an increase of eight per cent in returns compared to the last two weeks of September 2024.
• Cumulatively, from 15 September 2023, 746,330 individuals have returned to Afghanistan. Thirty-four per cent (255,439 individuals) of this total have returned since 1 January 2024.
• Most of the returnees are undocumented Afghans (83%), followed by PoR holders (15%) and ACC holders (2%).
• Compared to previous reporting periods, fewer Afghans cited fear of arrest (62%) as a reason for returning, while the inability to pay rent (51%) and utilities (47%) has grown in significance.

According to the latest available figures from the Turkish Presidency of Migration Management (PMM), there are more than 4.3 million foreign nationals present in Turkish territory, 3.3 million of whom are seeking international protection. Most are Syrians (3,089,904 individuals) who are granted temporary protection status. Another group of foreigners are international protection applicants and holders mainly from Iraq, Afghanistan, the Islamic Republic of Iran and Ukraine. According to United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), there were 258,416 refugees and asylum-seekers in Türkiye as of 2023.

In addition, there are 1,045,722 foreign nationals present in Türkiye, holding residence permits. Compared to the second quarter of 2024, this is a decrease of 67,593 individuals.
According to PMM, 61,263 migrants in irregular situation of different nationalities were apprehended in Türkiye in the third quarter. This figure was 50,893 in the previous reporting period (Q2) of 2024.

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences and journeys of migrants transiting through the Republic of Serbia. Data was collected from 1 to 30 September 2024 together with the Commissariat for Refugees and Migration of the Republic of Serbia (SCRM). The sample consists of 105 interviewed migrants in Asylum Centres (AC) Sjenica, (AC) Krnjaca, (AC) Obrenovac and Reception Centres (RC) Bujanovac, (RC) Presevo.

Ovaj izveštaj pruža uvid u profile, iskustva i putovanja migranata koji prolaze kroz Republiku Srbiju. Podaci su prikupljani od 1. do
30. septembra 2024. godine u saradnji sa Komesarijatom za izbeglice i migracije Republike Srbije (KIRS). Uzorak čini 105 migranata,
anketiranih u centrima za azil (AC) Sjenica, (AC) Krnjaca, (AC) Obrenovac, te prihvatnim centrima (PC) Preševo i (PC) Bujanovac.

Ovaj izvještaj pruža uvid u profile, iskustva, potrebe, puteve i namjere migranata koji prolaze kroz Bosnu i Hercegovinu (BiH).1 Podaci su prikupljani od 1. do 30. septembra 2024. IOM je pratio rute u Republici Srpskoj, Kantonu Sarajevo, Posavskom kantonu, Tuzlanskom kantonu, Bosansko-podrinjskom kantonu i Unsko-sanskom kantonu, kako bi se utvrdili trendove ulazaka i izlazaka, kao i modaliteta tranzita unutar BiH. IOM je također anketirao 272 migranta na aktivnim tranzitnim lokacijama kao što su autobuske stanice ili na ključnim ulaznim i izlaznim lokacijama širom zemlje, kao i u četiri privremena prihvatna centra (PPC) u BiH (Lipa, Ušivak , Borići i Blažuj).

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences, needs, routes travelled and intentions of migrants transiting through Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Data was collected from 1 to 30 September 2024. IOM carried out a route observation exercise in the Republika Srpska, Sarajevo Canton, Posavina Canton, Tuzla Canton, Bosnian-Podrinje Canton and Una Sana Canton to monitor trends in entries and exits as well as transit modalities within BiH. IOM also surveyed 272 migrants in active transit locations such as bus stops or at key entry and exit locations throughout the country as well as in four transit reception centres (TRCs) in BiH (Lipa, Ušivak, Borići and Blažuj).

The Cross-Border Monitoring Report: Protection Risks and Concerns Among Travellers Crossing for Work report presents data on labour-related protection risks among travellers passing through border crossing points monitored by IOM.

The top protection concerns faced by these travellers were the provision of false information by employers regarding the nature of the work and working without receiving the expected payment.

The Cross-Border Monitoring Report presents data collected at border crossing points with neighbouring countries – the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Syrian Arab Republic and Türkiye – to better understand migration movements in the Middle East.

The report and dashboard provide an overview of travellers’ movements, their main socio-demographic characteristics, employment status, countries of origin, countries of destination and main reasons for travel.

Monthly overview of:

• Arrivals in the Western Balkans
• Top three nationalities at arrivals in the reporting month
• Migrants presence in reception facilities
• Assisted Voluntary Returns and reintegration