Situation Report

Revisions to the eligibility criteria that came into effect in March 2024 limited access to the IDP living allowance based upon a specific set of socio-economic vulnerability profiles. This introduction of additional criteria is intended to ensure that social assistance in Ukraine is capable of supporting the most vulnerable, both among those who have been displaced and the general population. However, this increases the risk of excluding some vulnerable individuals who may lose access to the IDP living allowance under the new criteria. This reduction in monthly household income could impact on the ability of vulnerable households to meet their basic needs and rebuild their lives.

The purpose of this brief is to provide an overview of the estimated share and number of IDPs that may still be eligible for the IDP allowance under the new policy. Using available secondary data, this thematic brief aims to provide an indicative overview of the share and number of IDPs that will not be eligible anymore, despite being vulnerable to a reduction in household income that could affect their ability to meet basic needs. The brief intends to inform and support advocacy and programming of humanitarian partners in complementarity with the new IDP allowance scheme.

_{Note: This brief was revised on 26 April 2024 to reflect the latest amendments to the Resolution 332 that came into effect on 22 March. The estimated impact now reflects the most up-to-date criteria for eligibility under the IDP Living Allowance.}

• The number of children exiting Ethiopia increased by 13% between January (725) and February (816). Of these children, 70% (574) were
travelling alone in February (64% in January), which represents a 23% increase from January (465).

• Contrary to movements towards the Arabian Peninsula, movements returning to Obock and Tadjourah more than doubled (+123%). In fact,
the number of return movements in February is the highest reported through flow monitoring since April 2022 (1,841).

• The number of stranded migrants in Somalia increased by 18% between January (7,450) and February (8,800). Stranded women, in particular, have increased by 82% in the past month (from 1,680 to 3,050). In fact, while in January they represented around one quarter of the stranded migrants (23%), in February they represented more than a third (35%).

• The number of women arriving in Yemen from the Horn of Africa increased by around one-fifth (21%) between January (308) and February
(372), representing 21% of arrivals in February (18% in January).

Cantons: Alajuela, Alajuelita, Cartago, Desamparados, Escazú, Corredores, Heredia, Los Chiles, San Carlos, San José, Santa Ana, Santo Domingo, Tibás

Costa Rica, like the other countries in the Central American region, has been characterized as a migratory corridor for people who transit by land from the south to the north of America and whose destination is the countries in the north of the continent. This flow on the move through the Americas is mainly made up of people from the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Cuba, Haiti, Ecuador, as well as people from other countries in South America, Africa and Asia.

According to estimations from IOM Costa Rica, during March 36,106 people entered the country, an approximate average of 1,165 people per day and estimating a decrease of 13% compared to February 2024. In addition, 1,178 people stranded in the monitored shelters were identified and 872 people stranded in the public places visited.

The Central African Republic (CAR), which has experienced continuous volatility for the past two decades, has been riddled by a crisis which ignited in 2012 with a violent takeover of power and has developed into a complex protracted state of permanent insecurity and fragility which has spilled over into neighbouring countries. The crisis is characterized by power struggles amongst elites, the absence of state institutions and public investment, religious and ethnic tensions and disputes for the control of key resources. More recently, the crisis in Sudan, which started in April 2023, is affecting the eastern part of the CAR witnessing arrivals of displaced populations.

As of March 2024, 4,035,261 individuals were affected, including 520,060 internally displaced persons (13% of the displaced population), 2,196,858 returnees former IDPs (54%), 528,521 returnees from abroad (13%) and 789,822 refugees (20%). In the CAR, the largest displaced population consists of former IDP returnees. Refugees from the CAR are primarily hosted by Cameroon (354,725 individuals, or 47% of the refugees), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (212,211 individuals, or 28% of the refugees) and Chad (134,184 individuals, or 18% of the refugees). Nonetheless, 18,279 refugees from the Central African Republic are still living in Sudan (2% of the refugees). Since the beginning of the Sudan crisis, a total of 41,795 individuals have entered the CAR. Indeed, the country is home for refugees from neighbouring countries, hosting a total of 34,012 refugees coming from Sudan (23,308 individuals), the DRC (6,425 individuals), South Soudan (2,786 individuals) and Chad (1,493 individuals).

On 27 March 2024, armed bandits attacked the community of Mutunji in Maru ward of Maru LGA in Zamfara State. There were no reports of injuries and fatalities. The attack displaced 230 individuals in 42 households to Tsunami community in Rijya ward of Gusau LGA of Zamfara State. The displaced individuals included 129 children and 101 women. The men in the community decided to stay back. 
Of all the needs identified, food and shelter were the most prevalent. Other needs included security and non-food items (NFI).
Following these events, DTM (Displacement Tracking Matrix) field staff conducted rapid assessments to inform the humanitarian community and Government/partners, and to enable a targeted response. 
Nigeria’s North-central and North-west zones are afflicted with a multi-dimensional crisis. Long-standing tensions between ethnic and religious groups often result in attacks and banditry or hirabah. These attacks involve kidnapping and grand larceny along major highways by criminal groups. During the past years, the crisis accelerated and has resulted in widespread displacement across the North-central and North-west regions.

The Central Sahel area, and in particular the Liptako Gourma region, which borders Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, is affected by a complex crisis involving growing competition over dwindling resources; climatic variability; demographic pressure; high levels of poverty; disaffection and a lack of livelihood opportunities; communal tensions; the absence of state institutions and basic services; and violence related to organized crime and non-state armed groups. The crisis has triggered significant displacement of populations in the concerned countries and is affecting neighbouring countries such as Mauritania and the coastal countries.

As of March 2024, 3,046,874 individuals have been displaced, including 2,636,880 internally displaced persons (87% of the displaced population) and 409,994 refugees (13% of the displaced population). Sixty-nine per cent of the displaced populations (2,100,686 individuals) were located in Burkina Faso, while 14 per cent resided in Mali (419,534 individuals), 10 per cent in Niger (289,051 individuals) and 4 per cent in Mauritania (119,354 individuals). The crisis’ recent spill over to coastal countries, namely Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo and Benin, shows growing number of refugees coming from the Central Sahel and populations internally displaced. As of March, 118,249 individuals were affected by displacement within the four countries (18,897 in Benin, 45,900 in Côte d’Ivoire, 7,142 in Ghana and 46,310 in Togo) of which 30,372 were internally displaced.

La crise dans le Bassin du lac Tchad est le résultat d’une combinaison complexe d’une multitude de facteurs, y compris un conflit armé impliquant des groupes armés non-étatiques, des niveaux extrêmes de pauvreté, un développement peinant, et des bouleversements climatiques, qui ont conduit à des déplacements importants de populations. En mars 2024, le Cameroun, le Chad, le Niger et le Nigéria accueillaient un total de 6 041 927 individus affectés par la crise, dont des personnes déplacées internes (PDI), des retournés (anciennes PDI et retournés de l’étranger) et des réfugiés (vivant en et hors des camps). Treize pour cent des individus affectés (775 477 personnes) résidaient au Cameroun, 5 pour cent au Tchad (269 988 personnes), 9 pour cent au Niger (513 102 personnes) et enfin, 74 pour cent au Nigéria (4 456 360 personnes). De façon générale, les nombres montrent augmentation de PDI (+1%) et de retournés de l’étranger (+4%), ainsi qu’une diminution de réfugiés (-12%) depuis décembre 2023 dans la région. ​

The crisis currently affecting the Lake Chad Basin states results from a complex combination of factors, including conflict with non-state armed groups, extreme poverty, underdevelopment and a changing climate, which together have triggered significant displacement of populations. As of March 2024, Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria were hosting an estimated 6,041,927 affected individuals made up of internally displaced persons (IDPs), returnees (former IDPs and returnees from abroad) and refugees (both in- and out-of-camp). Thirteen per cent of the affected population (775,477  individuals) were located in Cameroon, while 5 per cent resided in Chad (296,988 individuals), 9 per cent in Niger (513,102 individuals) and finally, 74 per cent in Nigeria (4,456,360 individuals). Overall, the numbers show increases in IDPs (+1%) and returnees from abroad (+4%), and a decrease in refugees (-12%) since December 2023. ​

IOM Yemen DTM’s Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects data on estimated numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis from their locations of origin or displacement, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of estimated numbers, geography, and needs. It also tracks returnees who returned to their location of origin.

From 1 January to 6 April 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 947 households (HH) (5,682 Individuals) who experienced displacement at least once.

Between 31 March and 6 April 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 34 households (204 individuals) displaced at least once. The majority of people moved into/within the following governorates and districts:

• Ma’rib (32 HHs) – Ma’rib City (17 HHs), Ma’rib (10 HHs), Harib (5 HHs) districts. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Al Hodeidah and Ma’rib.
• Al Hodeidah (2 HHs) – Hays (2 HHs) district. All displacements in the governorate originated from Ta’iz.

The majority of people moved from the following governorates and districts:

• Al Hodeidah (9 HHs) – Bajil (5 HHs), Az Zaydiah (2 HHs), At Tuhayta (2 HHs) districts.
• Ta’iz (5 HHs) – Maqbanah (2 HHs), Jabal Habashi (1 HH), Sharab As Salam (1 HH) districts.
• Ma’rib (5 HHs) – Al Abdiyah (3 HHs), Harib (1 HH), Raghwan (1 HH) districts.

IOM identified 9 households displaced in the previous reporting period, which covered 24 - 30 March 2024, in the governorates of Ma'rib (6 HHs), Al Hodeidah (2 HHs), and Ta’iz (1 HH). These figures have been added to the cumulative displacement total recorded since the beginning of the year.

This current report presents the latest available data on recent trends concerning migration issues in Uzbekistan, drawing upon data available for October-December 2023 and bringing major findings for the whole previous year from national and international datasets that are available to the public. The report includes recent major global and regional events that significantly impacted the migration situation in the country. The continuing impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on traditional migration corridors in the region, changing labour migration flows, increase of climate change and migration concerns, the growing urbanization process, the social-economic circumstances, increased irregular migration trends and other major events are described as main contributing factors of the human mobility and migratory movements in the given period in the country. The report also gives insights into capacity-building sessions on migration data, which were provided by IOM in Uzbekistan in the given period and introduces major improvements in this direction.