Contexto

Tapachula (Estado de Chiapas), y Tenosique (Estado de Tabasco), son las principales ciudades receptoras de personas migrantes en el sur de México. En el año 2021 se rompieron los récords de arribo de población migrante que ingresó a México por la frontera sur, según los registros de la Comisión Mexicana de Ayuda a Refugiados (COMAR), que reportó 89.636 solicitudes de reconocimiento de la condición de refugiado en Tapachula y 7.153 solicitudes en Tabasco. 

Durante el segundo semestre del año en mención, los servicios para migrantes en la ciudad de Tapachula presentaron mayor demanda, en el mes de noviembre el Instituto Nacional de Migración (INM) mediante la provisión de autobuses trasladó a las personas migrantes a otros estados como Puebla, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Estado de México, Guanajuato, Sonora, Colima y Jalisco para seguir con sus trámites. De acuerdo con la Unidad de Política Migratoria (UPMRIP), durante el 2021 se registraron 307.679 eventos de personas extranjeras presentadas o canalizadas por la autoridad migratoria, de las cuales 76.333 se registraron en Chiapas y 44.008 en Tabasco. 

Metodología

La Matriz de Seguimiento al Desplazamiento (DTM, por sus siglas en inglés) es un sistema para seguir y monitorear el desplazamiento y la movilidad de las poblaciones. Para el presente estudio se utilizaron los subcomponentes del seguimiento de la movilidad y las encuestas, los cuales tienen como objetivo cuantificar la presencia de personas migrantes y generar datos para conocer las características socioeconómicas y migratorias de las personas migrantes. 

El estudio consta de tres rondas de monitoreo, para este caso se presentan los resultados de la ronda dos, correspondiente al mes de abril de 2022, el cual se enfocará en los hallazgos encontrados en cuanto protección a personas migrantes en condición de vulnerabilidad.   

El levantamiento de encuestas con personas migrantes de la ronda dos se realizó durante la primera semana de abril, comprendida del lunes 4 al viernes 8. Para ambas ciudades se seleccionaron como puntos de alta concentración de población migrante espacios como parques, plazas, albergues e inmediaciones de albergues. 

Se realizaron 323 encuestas: 321 encuestas efectivas y 2 inválidas (no se contó con el consentimiento requerido), 69 por ciento de las encuestas se levantaron en Tapachula y 31 por ciento en Tenosique. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico conglomerado por puntos de alta concentración de personas migrantes.   

El 77% de los nacionales venezolanos entrevistados(as) indican que proceden de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela (en adelante Venezuela), destacándose que el 13% provienen de Distrito Capital, 12% de Carabobo y 11% de Zulia. En una proporción menor provienen de otros países como: Perú (13%), Ecuador (7%) y Chile (4%).

The DTM Global Mobility Restrictions Overview provides updates on international air travel restrictions and conditions for authorized entry. This overview aims to understand how COVID-19 has impacted human mobility, detailing how global and regional trends in air travel measures have evolved since COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic in March 2020. The data presented focuses on the changes in public health-related immigration and border management measures. It provides information intended to support IOM missions and partners in targeted response planning and advocacy for vulnerable populations who may be affected by changes in global mobility.

Nigeria's north-central and north-west zones are afflicted with a multi-dimensional crisis rooted in long-standing tensions between ethnic and religious groups and involves attacks by criminal groups and banditry/hirabah (such as kidnapping and grand larceny along major highways). During the past years, the crisis has accelerated because of the intensification of attacks and has resulted in widespread displacement across the region.

Between the 13th and 19th of June 2022, armed clashes and banditry have led to new wave of population displacement in Zamfara State. Additionally, heavy rainstorms in Kankara LGA in Katsina State have led to a number of displacements. Following these events, a rapid assessment was conducted by DTM (Displacement Tracking Matrix) field staff to inform the humanitarian community and government partners, and enable targeted response. Flash reports utilise direct observation and a broad network of key informants to gather representative data and collect information on the number, profile and immediate needs of affected populations.

During the assessment period, the DTM identified an estimated 207 individuals who were affected by the attacks and 1,600 individuals by rainstorm. A total of 202 individuals were displaced to neighbouring wards in Gusau LGA of Zamfara State as a result of the attack, while a rainstorm in Kankara LGA of Katsina State displaced about 1,597 from their places of residence. A total of 32 casualties were reported, including 24 injuries and 8 fatalities.

Surging communal violence between ethnic and religious groups, and long-standing conflicts between farming communities and with nomadic herders are prevalent across north-east Nigeria. These conflicts are predominantly centered on disputes over land and cause great insecurity and widespread displacement across the region.

In the state of Adamawa, between 06 to 09 June 2022, a series of clashes between neighbouring Dumna Ward (Boshikiri communities) in Guyuk LGA, and Lafiya Ward (Kupte, Wuro Mallam Isa and Tudun Wada communities) in Lamurde LGA in were reported. These clashes have led to new situations of forced displacement. Following these events, rapid assessments were conducted by DTM (Displacement Tracking Matrix) field staff with the purpose of informing the humanitarian community and government partners, and enable targeted response. Flash reports utilise direct observation and a broad network of key informants to gather representative data and collect information on the number, profile and immediate needs of affected populations. Additionally, on 11 June 2022, another communal clash was reported between the neigbouring Boshikiri community in Guyuk LGA of Adamawa State and the Nyuwar community in Balanga LGA of Gombe State. This is believed to be a spill over from the earlier clash between the Boshikiri community in Guyuk LGA and Kupte, Wuro Mallam Isa and Tudun Wada communities in Lamurde LGA in Adamawa State. As reported by key informants, the cause of these clashes is to be found in disputes over farming land.

The latest clashes affected a total of 8,559 individuals in 1,499 households in Lamurde LGA of Adamawa State and Balanga LGA in Gombe State. Some of the residents of these areas fled to temporary camps, others integrated in the local host community. The IDPs who were initially displaced in GDSS camp as a result of the clashes have now moved to the Bapitist Pastor's School in Dumna Ward of Guyuk LGA as school was in session. A total of 258 casualties were recorded and 413 shelters were damaged.

L’OIM, à travers l’outil de suivi des flux de populations (Flow Monitoring en anglais) de la Matrice de suivi des déplacements (Displacement Tracking Matrix, DTM en anglais), récolte des données à des points d’entrée, de sortie et de transit clés afin de mieux comprendre les mouvements de populations à travers l’Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre. Le suivi des flux de population est une activité qui permet de quantifier et de qualifier les flux et tendances de mobilités, les profils des migrants, et les expériences et routes migratoires. Depuis 2016, plusieurs points de suivi des flux de populations ont été progressivement installés dans d'importantes localités du Niger pour faire le suivi des flux migratoires dans le pays. La période de collecte de ce rapport s’est faite du 1er au 31 Mai 2022 afin d’observer la tendance de la migration durant le mois.

This report provides a snapshot of the fourth round of RLS data collection which took place from 23 February to 16 March 2022 among Afghan migrants who had returned from Türkiye or the EU between January 2018 and July 2021. A total of 627 returnees (541 from Türkiye and 86 from the EU) were interviewed over the phone across 99 districts in 15 provinces.