Profile of Returnees 

Return Migrants Profile

The IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix collected data through Surveys with Refugees in the Ukraine Response region from April to June 2024. In the Republic of Moldova, a total of 1,892 surveys were collected. This report focuses on the economic integration of the respondents, delving deeper into their employment profiles, skills, and prospects for participation in the local labour market.

Key findings:

• 81% of the respondents possessed Temporary Protection Status. Others reported having: irregular status (16%), refugee status (1%), residence permits (1%), or Moldovan citizenship (1%).
• 87% of the active respondents were employed in Ukraine before displacement. After being displaced in the Republic of Moldova employment rates were 58% among the respondents that actively participated in the labour market.
• Among employed respondents, 35% had an official working contract in the Republic of Moldova and 21% were working based on a verbal agreement. The remaining had a remote working contract in another country (36%) or preferred not to disclose their status (8%).
• Two-thirds (62%) of men and 76 per cent of women were satisfied with their working arrangement.
• Respondents reported an average monthly expenditure of 280 euro on rent and 90 on utilities.
• 53% of the surveyed households had a total monthly income of less than 400 euros.
• 72% reported receiving an average of 400 euros monthly in remittances from Ukraine.

In March of 2023, IOM Poland launched its Integration Survey to assess the progress and needs relating to the economic and social integration of refugees from Ukraine in Poland. The assessment aims to understand the employment, housing, finances, social connections, integration challenges, urgent needs, and vulnerabilities of refugees from Ukraine; as well as how these have changed over time. The survey includes a longitudinal component in which consenting participants are surveyed over the phone between 2 and 6 months following their initial survey.

This report provides an analysis of how respondents' situations have changed over time, focusing on various aspects of social, labour and economic integration. Initial surveys were conducted throughout the spring and summer of 2023, and follow up surveys between the summer and winter of 2023-2024. A total of 160 respondents participated in the longitudinal component.

Profile of Returnees 

In September 2024, the DTM teams in Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe implemented the first phase of a regional assessment as part of Southern Africa regional response to areas affected by the El Niño-induced drought. This initial phase focuses on identifying districts experiencing population movements (arrivals, departures, and returns) due to drought in the four countries. DTM Southern Africa regional assessment aims to provide more detailed information on the number, locations and needs of vulnerable families forced into displacement by climatic and environmental factors.

Survey on Profiled Return Migrants 

IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) collected data on the needs, intentions, and integration challenges of refugees as part of the Surveys with Refugees in the Ukraine Response Region exercise. From April to June 2024 (Q2), DTM interviewed a total of 248 individuals in Romania. This report presents the findings on access to services that facilitate integration, and needs and assistance.

Key findings:

• Migration status
  • 92% EU Temporary protection status
  • 8% Other Active population:
• Household (HH) composition
  • At least 2 adults and 1 child – 35%
  • A single adult and at least 1 child – 19%
  • Alone –19%
  • At least two adults and no children – 24%
  • Other – 3%
• Children  
  • 69 % - children aged between 5 and 17 years old 
  • 31% - infants aged between 0 and 4 years old 
• Needs 
  • Financial support (68%) 
  • Food supply (59%) 
  • Sanitary products (58%) 
  • Health services (33%)  
  • Education for adults (24%) 
• Obstacles in accessing healthcare   
  • Language barrier (28%) 
  • Cost (23%) 
  • Long queues (6%) 
• Ease of visiting a doctor 
  • Very difficult (8%) 
  • Somewhat difficult (27%)
  • Neither easy, nor difficult (21%)
  • Somewhat easy (13%) 
  • Very easy (<1%) 
  • Unknown (33%) 

This report reflects data corresponding to Sudan Mobility Update (6) dataset. The dataset is available here. 

Overview:  
This report provides an overview of the total population of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sudan, including those displaced both before and after the onset of the conflict on 15 April 2023.    
 
Key Findings:  

• An estimated total of 10,878,024 IDPs were displaced to 9,058 locations, in 183 localities, across all 18 states in Sudan.  
• An estimated 8,112,654 individuals were displaced internally within Sudan since 15 April 2023.   
• An estimated 28 per cent of IDPs who were initially displaced prior to the onset of the current conflict experienced secondary displacement since 15 April 2023.   
• Approximately 2,344,904 individuals borders into neighbouring countries since 15 April 2023.   
• The top states of origin were Khartoum (34%, 3,694,639 IDPs), South Darfur (19%), and North Darfur (14%)   
• The highest proportion of IDPs were hosted in South Darfur (17%), North  Darfur (14%), and Gedaref (9%) states. 
• Over half (52%) of IDPs were reportedly children under the age of 18-years-old.   

Annex 1 includes an operational matrix with a table of estimated IDPs per state, disaggregated by displacement before versus after 15 April 2023.   

Note: The number of IDPs displaced post 15 April 2023 (8,112,654 IDPs) includes the estimated 1,055,402 IDPs who were initially displaced prior to 15 April 2023 and experienced secondary displacement since 15 April 2023. DTM Sudan defines an internally displaced person as any person who has been forced or obliged to flee from their habitual residence due to an event dating from 2003 onwards.