Migration picked up significantly across the three migratory corridors in the East and Horn of Africa region in 2022, thus marking the end of the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on mobility flows. Migration along the Eastern Route, which runs from the Horn of Africa to the Arabian Peninsula, mostly to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, increased by 64 per cent between 2021 and 2022 (from 269,000 to 441,000 migrant movements). The number of children travelling alone doubled in the last year (from 7,300 to 14,900) and these unaccompanied children represented 38 per cent of all children tracked in 2022 (39,700). Similarly, the number of female migrants travelling along the Eastern Route also doubled (from 53,200 to 106,700).

The Eastern Route, which runs from the Horn of Africa to the Arabian Peninsula, in particular to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, has long been the busiest and most relevant migratory corridor in the East and Horn of Africa region. In 2021, movement trends along the Eastern Corridor have significantly increased by 71% compared to 2020, suggesting that migration seems to be slowly resuming to pre-pandemic levels. However, monitored crossings from the Horn to Yemen decreased by 26% compared to 2020, although these have shown a steady but slow increase in the last quarter of 2021.

The Eastern Route, which runs from the Horn of Africa to the Arabian Peninsula, in particular to Saudi Arabia, has long been the most relevant migratory corridor in terms of volume and characteristics in the East and Horn of Africa region. Mobility along this route is mixed in nature, with different categories of people on the move such as refugees and economic migrants, and is not without significant hardships and challenges.

The fluidity of migration along the Eastern route, from the Horn of Africa to the Arabian Peninsula, continued to be a common phenomenon in 2019. High volumes of migrants faced significant risks when crossing the Gulf of Aden from the Horn of Africa to Yemen and onward to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). These flows are mixed in nature in which different categories of migrants including refugees, economic migrants and other types of migrants move along the same route.

A fire broke out on 5 February 2023, at the Government Senior Science Secondary School (GSSSS) camp in the Monguno Local Government Area (LGA) and Bulabulin host community in Magumeri (LGA) of Borno state, causing damage and destruction to the shelters and possessions of many internally displaced persons (IDPs). Many people had lost their personal items which included food ration cards and biometric identification cards. There were no reported injuries or fatalities.
The fire destroyed 39 emergency shelters and affected 242 individuals in 43 households. The affected individuals included 127 children, 59 women and 56 men.

The victims of the fire outbreak were residing with neighbours in the same location and at the same time    attempting to rebuild their shelters. They were in desperate need of shelter and shelter repair kits. Other needs included WASH facilities and NFIs (non-food items).

On 29 January, windstorm was reported in the community Mangu in Mangu ward of Mangu LGA in Plateau State. The windstorm affected 175 individuals and destroyed 35 shelters in the community. As a result of the windstorm, 8 injuries were reported.

On 03 February, armed bandits reportedly attacked the community Dankumeji in Mabai ward of Kankara LGA in Katsina State. The attack affected 366 individuals and displaced 168 individuals to Hayin Kwalta community and 135 individuals to Bayan Police Station community, both Kankara ward and 56 individuals to Dan Maidaki community in Yargoje ward. As a result of the attack, 7 fatalities and 22 injuries were reported.

During the reporting period (01 to 07 February 2023), a total of 41 movements were recorded - 11 arrivals (5,071 individuals), 25 departures (757 individuals), and 5 returns (64 individuals). The largest arrival movements were recorded in Montepuez (5,071 individuals), and Mueda (1,654 individuals). The largest departure movements were recorded in Nangade (546 individuals), and Cidade de Pemba (80 individuals). The largest return movement was observed from Ibo to Mocimboa da Praia (40 individuals). Of the total population, 87 per cent of mobile groups were displaced for the first time, 4 per cent for a second time and 9 per cent were displaced at least three times.

A total of 15,347 individuals (2,600 households) were reported to be residing at the site, at the time the exercise was conducted, of whom 56 per cent were women and girls. Around 38 per cent of households were composed of more than seven individuals. 

In November 2022, the monthly population count was conducted at Masna Collective Centre where 2,945 individuals/ 611 households were identified and Naivasha IDP Camp where 7,248 individuals/ 1,880 households were counted. The population of Naivasha IDP Camp marginally decreased by 340 individuals since November 2022.