Survey

DTM Flow Monitoring, conducted by IOM Afghanistan, is designed to provide insights into the mobility patterns at Afghanistan’s border points with the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This activity involves two interlinked exercises: Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), which monitors the number of movements across the border, and Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS), which collect data on the profiles of randomly selected Afghan nationals crossing the border including documentation held, reasons for travel, and the intended period of stay/ travel. It is important to note that DTM collects information on total movements at a given border point, not the number of unique individuals entering or leaving the country. As a result, if one individual both left and re-entered Afghanistan during the reporting period, this would count as one outflow movement and one inflow movement. Movements can be attributed to a wide variety of reasons, including returnees coming back to Afghanistan after living abroad, people visiting family, deportees, those travelling for economic reasons, medical patients, students, or Afghans moving abroad for different reasons. Circular movements, which include those who frequently and regularly travel back and forth across the border for trade and other reasons, are also common. This monitoring offers a clear picture of population movements in and out of the country. 

DTM FM is operational at four main crossing points (connected to Afghanistan’s National Highway) as well as six other crossing points with Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This weekly snapshot combines information from the FM activity and various IOM sources related to cross-border movement. For a detailed explanation of the methodology used in gathering this data, the report directs readers to the section titled “IOM INFLOW DATA” on the last page.
 

The IOM Afghanistan’s DTM Flow Monitoring activity is designed to provide insights into the mobility patterns at Afghanistan’s border points with the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. The activity involves two interlinked exercises: the Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), a headcount of individuals crossing the border, and the Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS), which collect data on the profiles and intentions of randomly selected Afghan nationals. DTM FM is operational at four main crossing points (connected to Afghanistan’s National Highway) as well as six other crossing points with Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This weekly snapshot combines information from the FM activity and various IOM sources related to cross-border movement. For a detailed explanation of the methodology used in gathering this data, the report directs readers to the section titled “IOM INFLOW DATA” on the last page.

From 1 March to 16 May, IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) in Latvia interviewed a total of 111 individuals as part of the Surveys with Refugees in the Ukraine Response Region. The results from these interviews are presented in the following report.

KEY FINDINGS

• 67% of respondents were active, while 33% were inactive.
• Barriers to employment included language challenges (69%), limited job opportunities (50%), familial obligations (35%), and unrecognized qualifications (41%).
• Top needs included financial support (75%), general information (25%), health services (23%), and medicine (22%).
• 90% of respondents or members of their household had chronic diseases or serious medical conditions, 31% experienced difficulty walking or climbing steps, and 19% had visual impairments.
• Inclusion challenges included financial issues (53%), lack of employment (51%), housing problems (26%), and language barriers (23%).

A total of 24,886 movements were observed in July 2024, representing a 10 per cent increase compared to June 2024, when 22,559 movements were observed during this period. Comparing July 2024 with June 2024, Cabudwaaq (+28%), Doolow (+21%), Buuhoodle (+8%) and Lowyacado (+8%) FMPs recorded an increase in movements while Dhobley (-15%), Harirad (-9%) and Bossaso (-3%) FMPs recorded a decrease in movements.

Doolow (37%), Cabudwaaq (20%), and Dhobley (17%) FMPs recorded the highest numbers of incoming movements, while Doolow (64%), Bossaso (21%) and Dhobley (7%) recorded the highest numbers of outgoing movements for July 2024.

• Din 8,421 de respondenți, 92 la sută plănuiau să se întoarcă în aceeași regiune de origine, în timp ce restul de 8 la sută urmăreau să ajungă în alta. Dintre cei care se întorc într-o regiune diferită: orașul Kiev, Vinnytska și Odeska
• 84 la sută dintre respondenți s-au întors în Ucraina de două sau mai multe ori înainte de sondaj.
• 58 la sută au fost deja strămutate între ianuarie și iunie 2022.
• Intențiile respondentului: Vizită pe termen scurt (56%), ședere pe termen lung (27%) și necunoscut (17%).
• Principalele nevoi prioritare care au fost citate de respondenți includ sprijin financiar (34%), servicii medicale și de sănătate (14%) și sprijin pentru siguranța și securitatea personală (13%)
• 52 la sută dintre respondenți au declarat că nu au nevoi imediate.

• Dintre respondenți, 41 la sută sunt activi (angajați sau șomeri), iar 53 la sută sunt inactivi (statut de student, concediu pentru creșterea copilului, pensionare, șomaj și nu își caută un loc de muncă).
• În cadrul populației active, 64 la sută sunt angajați și 36 la sută sunt șomeri.
• Înainte de deplasare, 81 la sută erau angajați și 19 la sută erau șomeri.
• Primele 4 sectoare de ocupare a forței de muncă includ: cazare (13%), comerț cu ridicata și cu amănuntul (11%), educație și știință (10%) și sănătatea umană și asistență socială (9%)
• Satisfacția privind potrivirea locului de muncă și a competențelor este mai mare în rândul bărbaților (74%) decât al femeilor (71%)

• 20 la sută dintre respondenți au sau locuiesc cu persoane cu nevoi specifice sau afecțiuni medicale grave
• Principalele probleme de sănătate pentru femei includ boli cronice sau afecțiuni medicale grave (12%), sarcina sau alăptarea (3%), dificultăți de mers (2%) și deficiențe de vedere (1%)
• Principalele probleme de sănătate pentru bărbați includ boli cronice sau afecțiuni medicale grave (22%), dificultăți de mers (5%), deficiențe de vedere (4%) și deficiențe de auz (2%)
• 61 la sută dintre cei cu o afecțiune de sănătate intenționează să rămână în Republica Moldova
• Primele 3 nevoi includ sprijin financiar (64%), medicamente (32%) și servicii de sănătate (31%)
• Majoritatea respondenților raportează că nu există bariere în calea serviciilor de asistență medicală (84%)
• Cei care raportează bariere citează costuri ridicate (9%), servicii indisponibile (2%), bariera lingvistică (1%) și timpii de așteptare (1%)

From 12 March to 28 April, IOM's Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) in Latvia interviewed a total of 101 individuals as part of the New Arrivals survey. The results from these interviews are presented in the following pages. This survey provides findings on the needs and intentions of newly arrived refugees from Ukraine who have been in Latvia for three months or less.

KEY FINDINGS

• 101 Ukrainian respondents: 64% women, 36% men.
• Top oblasts of residence: Sumska (38%), Dnipropetrovska (28%), Kyivska (19%)
• Movement intentions: moving to another country (94% of both men and women), no intentions to move (4% of women and 3% of men), moving to the place of origin (2% of women), moving within current country (3% of men).
• Countries of final destination: Poland (77%), Norway (9%), Finland (8%), Austria (2%), Albania (1%), Czechia (1%), Netherlands (1%).
• Priority needs in the destination country: financial support (88%), long-term accommodation (42%), food supply (37%), health services (19%), general information (13%).

IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) collects data on Ukrainian nationals and Third-Country Nationals (TCNs) that were crossing back to Ukraine from or through the Republic of Moldova, either for temporary stay or prospective return. The survey focuses on the return intentions, duration of displacement, destinations, assistance, and experiences of unequal treatment of the respondents. A total of 1,783 surveys were collected between April and June 2024.

Key findings:

• 70% of Ukrainian respondents planned to go for a short visit, 18% intended to stay in Ukraine (prospective returnees), while 12% were not sure about their intentions.
• Half of the respondents (49%) had been residing in the Republic of Moldova, 9% in Romania, 6% in Germany. The remaining 36% stayed in other countries.
• 86% were going back to their Oblast of origin, while 14% were going back to a different Oblast.
• 52% had been displaced between January and June 2022.
• 26% crossed back to Ukraine regularly since 2022, most of them (99%) had been residing in the Republic of Moldova.
• Main priority needs that were cited by respondents include financial support (37%), personal safety and security (31%) and long term accommodation (12%). 

The Oblast Profiles draw from data collected during Round 17 of IOM Ukraine’s General Population Survey (GPS), with an emphasis on demographics & displacement, the adoption of coping strategies to meet needs, employment & income, the IDP living allowance, and housing. These granular insights, categorized by population group at the oblast level, aim to inform strategic, programmatic, and operational decision-making.