Assessment Report

Key Findings:

• Among respondents, 63 per cent are active (employed or unemployed), and 37 per cent are inactive (student status, parental leave, retirement, unemployment and not looking for a job).
• Within active population, 62 per cent are employed and 38 are unemployed.
• Employment rate is higher (64%) among those who speak Hungarian fluently.
• Women with children experience lower employment rates: 52 per cent are employed with at least one infant (0-4 years-old) and 57 per cent are employed with at least one child (5-17 years-old).
• 58 per cent of women in single-headed households are employed.
• Top reasons for unemployment and not looking for a job*: family duty (51%), medical conditions (21%), no need for job (14%). (*more than one answer possible)
• Satisfaction with job and skills matching is higher among men (67%) than women (41%)
• Top employment aspirations: professional roles (36%), roles in services and sales (15%), and managerial roles (13%).
• Employment support is ranked among the top 5 needs*: 26 per cent of respondents are in need of employment support. (*more than one answer possible)

У цьому звіті визначено системи опалення, що використовуються в українських домогосподарствах, представлено орієнтовні ціни на тверде паливо в різних областях, а також проаналізовано методи та частоту закупівлі твердого палива населенням України. Звіт досліджує поточний та майбутній попит, пропозицію та ціни на основні види твердого палива. Основна мета - підтримати поточні гуманітарні операції з підготовки до зими.

У період з 2 по 11 січня 2024 року команда Відділ даних та аналітики дослідив 287 ринків у 23 областях України та місті Києві, методом проводення особистих та дистанційних інтерв'ю як з місцевими продавцями, так і з координаторами громад. У кожній області дані збиралися щонайменше у двох місцях - у міській та сільській місцевостях та/або у прифронтовій зоні, де це було можливо. У кожному населеному пункті було опитано щонайменше двох постачальників та двох контактних осіб. Контактні особи було обрано на основі їх обізнаності з предметом дослідження та знань про підготовку до зими на рівні громади.

Depuis 2022, la région orientale de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC), en particulier le Nord-Kivu, est en proie à un conflit dévastateur qui s'est intensifié et est devenu de plus en plus complexe au fil du temps, avec le potentiel d'atteindre des niveaux sans précédent dans le Nord-Kivu. Cette crise se caractérise par une multitude d'acteurs armés en conflit, une importante population déplacée et une population encore plus importante en manque d'aide humanitaire. Le conflit actuel entre le groupe M23 et les Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) et leurs alliés a été une source majeure de violence et d'instabilité dans la région.

Le début du déploiement du personnel de la force régionale de la Communauté de développement de l’Afrique australe (SADC) a été signalé depuis le 28 décembre 2023. Cette initiative intervient dans un contexte marqué par une recrudescence des combats entre les Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) et ses alliés d’une part, et le groupe M23 d’autre part. L’exacerbation de tension depuis les semaines passée a provoqué un déplacement continu des populations de communautés hôtes et de personnes déplacées préalablement installées dans des sites ou dans des familles d’accueil sur l’axe Sake-Bweremana vers la province du Sud-Kivu en territoire de Kalehe et vers Goma et ses environs. Des nouveaux sites et des besoins humanitaires urgents ont été créé en dépit des interventions déjà amorcées.

Depuis le début de la crise, l'OIM, par le biais de la DTM continue à mener une série d'évaluations rapides, y compris le suivi des urgences (EET/ERM), l'analyse des crises et enregistrement avec priorité de répondre aux besoins immédiats d'information en vue de comprendre la dynamique des déplacements et les besoins. Ce rapport présente les résultats des évaluations menées dans les différentes zones de déplacement et de retour du 13 au 21 février 2024.

Since 2022, the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), in particular North Kivu, has been gripped by a devastating conflict that has intensified and become increasingly complex over time, with the potential to reach unprecedented levels in the province. This crisis is characterised by an abundance of armed actors in the conflict, a large-scale displacement and an increasing number of population in need of humanitarian aid. The ongoing conflict between the M23 group and the Forces Armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) and their allies has been a major source of violence and instability in the region. The start of the deployment of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) regional force has been announced for 28 December 2023. This initiative comes as a response to renewed fighting between the FARDC and its allies on the one hand, and the M23 group on the other.

The period from 13 to 19 February 2024 was particularly characterised by a precarious lull in the territory of Nyiragongo and Rutshuru on the one hand and the continuation of hostilities in the territory of Masisi on the other. Heavy artillery projectiles continue to cause human damage in Sake and Mubambiro. Since the beginning of the crisis, IOM, through its Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), has continued conducting a series of rapid assessments, including emergency monitoring (EET/ERM), crisis analysis and registration with the aim of responding to immediate information needs in order to understand displacement dynamics.

This report presents the results of assessments carried out in the various displacement and return areas between 13 and 21 February 2024.

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences, needs, routes travelled and intentions of migrants transiting through the Western Balkans.

IOM surveyed 2,178 migrants2 from 1 January to 31 January 2024 in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Kosovo*.

* References to Kosovo* shall be understood in the context of UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999).

DTM Iraq collects data at border crossing points with neighbouring countries – the Islamic Republic of Iran (Iran), the Syrian Arab Republic (Syria) and the Republic of Türkiye (Türkiye) – to better understand migration movements in the Middle East. Cross-border monitoring is designed to capture and describe migration flows.1 Data displayed in this report were collected employing two approaches: a headcount of all travellers entering or leaving Iraq and a survey of randomly selected travellers. Data collection took place between 1 September and 30 November 2023. Further details on the survey methodology, selection of respondents and border crossing points are available in the Methodological Overview on the DTM website.

Between September and November 2023, Ibrahim al Khalil saw the most traffic with a total of 73,242 travellers and 14,427 vehicles passing through the border crossing point, whilst Fishkhabour saw the least traffic with 22,217 travellers and 1,226 vehicles passing through the border.

Around 7 in 10 of travellers were male, with a significant portion between 18 and 34 years old (47%). A smaller portion were female (31%), with 61 per cent being between 35 and 60 years old, showcasing a contrast with the male demographic, where younger individuals were more prevalent. More than half of all travellers had a secondary education level or a tertiary degree or higher, while only 2 per cent of the travellers reported having no form of education. Only 25 per cent of travellers have a stable income, mostly working in the private sector, while more than half of all travellers have either an unstable income (50%)2 or were unemployed (7%) at the time of the survey. A small proportion of travellers were looking for work or had received a job offer (5% of incoming travellers and 7% of outgoing travellers). Regarding protection risks, 2 per cent of travellers entered Iraq for humanitarian reasons. Among those who received help migrating, 4 per cent of outgoing travellers relied on the services of brokers or smugglers to arrange their travel.

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences and journeys of migrants transiting through the Republic of Serbia. Data was collected from 1 to 31 January 2024 together with the Commissariat for Refugees and Migrants of the Republic of Serbia (SCRM). Total of 1030 migrants were interviewed in six centres (Asylum Centre (AC) Banja Koviljaca, AC Sjenica, AC Tutin, AC Krnjaca, AC Obrenovac, Reception Centre (RC) Bujanovac, RC Pirot, RC Presevo, RC Bosilegrad) across the country.

Ovaj izveštaj daje uvid u profil, iskustvo i putovanje migranata koji prolaze kroz Republiku Srbiju. Podaci su prikupljeni u periodu od 1. do 31. januara 2024. g. u saradnji sa Komesarijatom za izbeglice i migracije Republike Srbije (KIRS). Obavljeni su razgovori sa ukupno 1,030 migranata u šest centara (CA Banja Koviljača, CA Sjenica, CA Tutin, CA Krnjača, CA Obrenovac, PC Bujanovac, PC Pirot, PC Preševo, PC Bisilegrad) širom zemlje.

Ovaj izvještaj daje uvid u profile, iskustva, potrebe i rute koje koriste, kao i namjere migranata koji se kreću kroz Bosnu i Hercegovinu (BiH)1. Podaci su prikupljani od 3. januara do 31. januara 2024. g. IOM je u cilju praćenja trendova u ulascima i izlascima, kao i modalitetima tranzita unutar BiH vršio osmatranje rute u Republici Srpskoj, Kantonu Sarajevo, Posavskom Kantonu, Tuzlanskom Kantonu, Bosansko-podrinjskom Kantonu, i Unsko-sanskom Kantonu. Osim toga, IOM je anketirao 872 migranta na lokacijama aktivnog tranzita, kao što su autobusne stanice, ili na najvažnijim lokacijama ulaska i izlaska širom zemlje, kao i u četiri privremena prihvatna centra (PPC) u BiH (Lipa, Ušivak, Borići i Blažuj).

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences, needs, routes travelled and intentions of migrants transiting through Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH).1 Data was collected from 3 January to 31 January 2024. IOM carried out a route observation exercise in the Republika Srpska, Sarajevo Canton, Posavina Canton, Tuzla Canton, Bosnian-Podrinje Canton and Una Sana Canton to monitor trends in entries and exits as well as transit modalities within BiH. IOM also surveyed 872 migrants in active transit locations such as bus stops or at key entry and exit locations throughout the country as well as in four transit reception centres (TRCs) in BiH (Lipa, Ušivak, Borići and Blažuj).