Assessment Report

The EU-funded Individual Measure 3 (IM3) project "Sustainable support to persons displaced by conflict and natural disasters and their host communities in Afar, Amhara, Benishangul Gumz and Tigray” aims to sustainably enhance the protection and response to basic needs, for forcibly displaced persons and host communities in Ethiopia, with an emphasis on areas affected by natural and man-made disasters.

As a cross-cutting component of the IM3 project, IOM’s Data and Research Unit (DRU) carried out a Household Level Survey (HLS) with Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) households, returning IDP households and non-displaced resident households in Central, Eastern and North Western zones of Tigray region. The multisectoral household survey indicators are in line with global cluster standards, as well as frameworks to measure progress towards durable solutions.

KEY FINDINGS: 

• The most reported need across all target groups was food, which was reported by 92.4% of IDP households, 87.2% of returning IDP households and 88.4% of non-displaced resident households. 

• The most reported barriers finding employment were financial constraints or lack of access to capital (73.1%) and limited job opportunities in the field of work (59.4%). 

• Overall, 96.6% of household members (≥15yrs) had not participated in a TVET. 

• Notably, 93.3% of households reported they had not received any support related to their income generating activity or livelihood project. 

• High prices in markets was the most reported barrier accessing markets (96.8%).

• Across the three target groups, the most reported main sanitation facility (latrines/toilets) was open defecation (53.8%).

• The most reported WaSH challenges for female dominated households were limited/no dignity kits (69.7%), limited/no soap for personal hygiene and handwashing (66.5%) and insufficient water storage containers at the household level (32.1%). 

• The most reported persons to seek support from in the community were kebele government representatives (67.2%), community leaders (58.8%) and village elders (45.4%). 

DTM Sudan regularly releases Early Warning Flash Alerts to report on specific incidents that triggered or may trigger sudden displacement across Sudan, including armed clashes, inter/intra communal conflicts, and natural hazards, including fires and floods.

This report represents a bi-monthly analysis of incidents reported by Early Warning Flash Alerts released between June and July 2024, providing insights into displacement dynamics across Sudan.  

Highlights:  

• Between 01 June– 31 July 2024, DTM Sudan reported on 55 incidents triggering displacement across locations in multiple states.

• Thirty-seven alerts were related to armed clashes, attacks, or inter-communal clashes, while 18 incidents were related to natural hazards. 

• Since the outbreak of conflict on 15 April 2023, the months with the most reported flash alerts were May 2024 (34), December 2023 (30), June 2024 (28), and July 2024 (27). The states with the most reported incidents were in North Darfur (79), South Kordofan (45) and South Darfur (35) states. 

Note: DTM Sudan Early Warning Flash Alerts are distributed via the DTM Sudan mailing list.  Figures should be understood as preliminary findings only, pending further verification. Flash alerts report incidents of sudden displacement, and therefore may or may not be indicative of broader displacement dynamics. For further information on displacement and mobility across Sudan, see Sudan Mobility Update (5).  

Матритсаи Пайгирии Ҳаракат (MПҲ) дар Тоҷикистон Арзёбии Ҳаракати Ибтидоиро (АҲИ) барои пайгирии ҳаракат, пешниҳод намудани маълумот дар бораи шумораи тахмини аҳолӣ, тақсимоти ҷуғрофии муҳоҷирони меҳнатӣ ва муҳоҷирони баргашта, сабабҳои муҳоҷират ва кишварҳои бозгашт амалӣ мекунад. Маълумотҳо дар сатҳи деҳа аз манбаъҳои калидӣ ва мушоҳидаҳои мустақим ҷамъоварӣ мешаванд.

Арзёбии ҳаракати ибтидоӣ (BMA) дар ҳамаи панҷ вилоят дар 12 ноҳия/шаҳри Тоҷикистон (аз ҷумла ноҳияҳои Исмоили Сомонӣ, Сино, Фирдавсӣ, Шоҳмансури шаҳри Душанбе, шаҳри Ваҳдат, ноҳияи Рӯдакии ноҳияҳои тобеи марказ, шаҳри Хуҷанди Суғд) гузаронида шуд. Арзёбии Ҳаракати Ибтидоӣ (АҲИ) дар ҳамаи панҷ вилоятҳо ва минтақаҳо ва 12 ноҳияҳо ва шаҳрҳои Тоҷикистон (аз ҷумла ноҳияи Исмоили Сомонӣ, Сино, Фирдавсӣ ва Шоҳмансури шаҳри Душанбе, шаҳри Ваҳдат, ноҳияи Рӯдакии Ноҳияҳои Тобеи Марказ, шаҳри Хуҷанди вилояти Суғд, шаҳрҳои Бохтар, Кӯлоб ва ноҳияи Панҷи вилояти Хатлон, шаҳри Хоруғ ва ноҳияи Ванҷи Вилояти Мухтори Кӯҳистони Бадахшон (ВМКБ) ба анҷом расонида шуд. Тадқиқоти мазкур 935 деҳаро тавассути гузаронидани 3459 мусоҳибаҳо бо маълумотдиҳандагони калидӣ (асосӣ) фаро гирифт. Дар асоси ҳисобҳои тахминии маълумотдиҳандагон калидӣ, дар маҳалҳои зисти тадқиқотӣ 4010 нафар муҳоҷирони меҳнатии байналмилалӣ дар давраи солҳои 2020 то моҳи апрели 2024 сукунат доштанд. Ҳамзамон, 3133 муҳоҷирони дохилӣ дар маҳалҳои зисти тадқиқотӣ ҷойгир шуда буданд ва гузориш дода шуд, ки 271 059 нафар шаҳрванди Тоҷикистон ба ҳайси муҳоҷирони байналмилалӣ дар хориҷа умр ба сар мебаранд ва илова бар ин, 299 834 муҳоҷирони бозгашта аз аз хориҷи кишвар ба ватан баргаштаанд.

Following the beginning of the armed conflict in Sudan in April 2023, more than 750,000 people were forced to leave the country and take refuge in Chad, primarily in the east, as of June 2023. This includes more than 180,000 returnees who are Chadian nationals who have been living in Sudan for many years, and who have been registered by IOM at several sites in the Sila and Ouaddaï provinces. IOM organized a survey in December 2023 to gather detailed information on the current conditions of Chadian returnees and the communities hosting them, as well as on returnees' intentions to return. Consequently, 1,005 households were surveyed in Ouaddaï province and 589 households in Sila province.

The EU-funded Individual Measure 3 (IM3) project "Sustainable support to persons displaced by conflict and natural disasters and their host communities in Afar, Amhara, Benishangul Gumz and Tigray” aims to sustainably enhance the protection and response to basic needs, for forcibly displaced persons and host communities in Ethiopia, with an emphasis on areas affected by natural and man-made disasters.

As a cross-cutting component of the IM3 project, IOM’s Data and Research Unit (DRU) carried out a Household Level Survey (HLS) with Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) households, returning IDP households and non-displaced resident households in Assosa and Assosa Town Administration zones of Benishangul Gumz region. The multisectoral household survey indicators are in line with global cluster standards, as well as frameworks to measure progress towards durable solutions.

KEY FINDINGS: 

• For IDP households, the most reported need was food (90%), followed by shelter (71.2%) and NFIs (54.7%). The largest share of returning IDPs reported NFIs as one of their top 3 needs (61.5%), followed by food (59.4%) and shelter (53.1%). Three in five non-displaced resident households reported a need for livelihood support (62.5%). This is followed by NFI support (59.5%) and needs related to WaSH (49.4%). 

• The most reported barriers finding employment were financial constraints or lack of access to capital (95.8%) and limited job opportunities in the field of work (85.5%). 

• Overall, 97.3% of household members (≥15yrs) had not participated in a TVET. 

• Notably, 98.6% of households reported they had not received any support related to their income generating activity or livelihood project. 

• High prices in markets was the most reported barrier accessing markets (94.2%).

• The most reported WaSH challenges for female dominated households were limited/no dignity kits (75.5%), limited/no soap for personal hygiene and handwashing (71.7%) and limited/no toilets that lock (50.9%). 

• Non-displaced resident households were the most likely to receive support from the local community (61.9%), followed by IDP households (50%) and returning IDP households (36.5%). 

• For households with no or limited valid IDs, limited movement was the most reported challenge (96.7%).

Пурсишҳо бо истифода аз системаи матрисаи пайгирии ҳаракати СБМ дар Тоҷикистон гузаронида шудаанд. Пурсишҳо бо муҳоҷирони меҳнатии ба ватан баргашта анҷом дода шудаанд. Маконҳои пурсиш дар асоси натиҷаҳои арзёбии ибтидоии СБМ оид ба муҳоҷирони меҳнатии ба ватан баргашта интихоб карда шудаанд. Саволномаи пурсиш дар асоси таҳқиқотҳои монанди СБМ дар Осиёи Марказӣ дар машварат бо коршиносони дохилӣ ва берунаи соҳавӣ таҳия шудаст. Саволномаи таҳқиқот саволҳои вобаста ба вазъияти иҷтимоию иқтисодӣ, таҷрибаи муҳоҷират, шуғл ва интиқоли маблағҳо, ниёзҳо ва осебпазириро дар бар мегирад. Намунаи пурсиш дар асоси арзёбии ибтидоӣ оид ба мавҷудияти муҳоҷирони кории баргашта дар маконҳои интихобшуда ҳисоб карда шудааст. Мусоҳибаҳо бо истифода аз дастгоҳҳои мобилӣ ва нармафзори KoBo гузаронида шудаанд. Ҳамаи мусоҳибаҳо бидуни қайди ном (беном) анҷом дода шудаанд ва қоидаҳои СБМ² оид ба ҳифзи маълумот² дар тамоми давраи ҷамъоварии маълумот риоя карда шудаанд. Мутахассисон оид ба ҷамъоварии маълумотҳо бо мусоҳибони эҳтимолӣ бо истифода аз усули барфтӯда барои гирифтани розигии онҳо муроҷиат карданд.

Since October 8 there has been an increase in cross-border incidents between Israel and Lebanon, resulting in the displacement of people both within the South and elsewhere within the country. Since October 10, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) has been conducting the daily monitoring of population movements. The objective of the exercise is to inform preparedness and response planning.

The EU-funded Individual Measure 3 (IM3) project "Sustainable support to persons displaced by conflict and natural disasters and their host communities in Afar, Amhara, Benishangul Gumz and Tigray” aims to sustainably enhance the protection and response to basic needs, for forcibly displaced persons and host communities in Ethiopia, with an emphasis on areas affected by natural and man-made disasters.

As a cross-cutting component of the IM3 project, IOM’s Data and Research Unit (DRU) carried out a Household Level Survey (HLS) with Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) households, returning IDP households and non-displaced resident households in North Wollo and South Wollo zones of Amhara region. The multisectoral household survey indicators are in line with global cluster standards, as well as frameworks to measure progress towards durable solutions.

KEY FINDINGS: 

• For IDP households, the most reported need was food (90.6%), followed by livelihood support (76.3%) and shelter (51%). For returning IDPs and non-displaced residents, the most reported need was livelihood support (85.4% and 81.9%), followed by food (65.6% and 68.8%) and NFIs (37.3% and 36.6%). 

• The most reported barriers finding employment were financial constraints or lack of access to capital (70.5%) and limited job opportunities in the field of work (65.9%). 

• Overall, 97.5% of household members (≥15yrs) had not participated in a TVET. 

• Notably, 91.7% of households reported they had not received any support related to their income generating activity or livelihood project. 

• High prices in markets was the most reported barrier accessing markets (95.6%).

• The most reported WASH challenges for female dominated households were limited/no toilets that lock (43.9%), limited/no lighting around sanitation facilities (41.6%) and limited/no soap for personal hygiene and handwashing (39.6%). 

• In case of problems or issues, kebele government representatives (60.3%), religious leaders (60.2%) and family, friends or neighbours (55.3%) were most commonly cited as preferred persons to seek support from.

• For households with no or limited valid IDs, limited movement was the most reported challenge (78.1%).

This report reflects data corresponding to Sudan Mobility Update (3) dataset. The dataset is available here. 

Overview:
This report provides an overview of the total population of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sudan, including those displaced both before and after the onset of the conflict on 15 April 2023.  

Key Findings:

• An estimated total of 10,710,015 IDPs were displaced to 8,790 locations, in 183 localities, across all 18 states in Sudan.
• An estimated 7,914,235 individuals were displaced internally within Sudan since 15 April 2023. 
• An estimated 27 per cent of IDPs who were initially displaced prior to the onset of the current conflict experienced secondary displacement since 15 April 2023. 
• Approximately 2,312,968 individuals crossed borders into neighbouring countries since 15 April 2023. 
• The top states of origin among IDPs were Khartoum (34%), South Darfur (19%), and North Darfur (14%).  
• The states hosting the most IDPs were South Darfur (17%), North Darfur (14%) and Central Darfur (8%). 
• Over half (52%) of IDPs were reportedly children under the age of 18-years-old. 

Annex 1 includes an operational matrix with a table of estimated IDPs per state, disaggregated by displacement before versus after 15 April 2023. 

Note: The number of IDPs displaced post 15 April 2023 (7,914,235 IDPs) includes the estimated 1,024,992 IDPs who were initially displaced prior to 15 April 2023 and experienced secondary displacement since 15 April 2023. DTM Sudan defines an internally displaced person as any person who has been forced or obliged to flee from their habitual residence due to an event dating from 2003 onwards.

Following the increase in displacement due to floods, DTM Sudan released the following report summarizing incidents of flood-induced displacement across Sudan. DTM field teams reported 29 incidents of heavy rains and/or floods that triggered displacement from locations across 11 states in Sudan, between 1 June and 5 August 2024. 

Highlights  

• Heavy rain and flooding displaced an estimated 21,370 individuals (4,274 households) between 1 June - 5 August 2024. 
• Approximately 7,863 structures were either partially damaged or destroyed by the rain and floods, including homes, commercial buildings, and latrines. 
• Flood-induced displacement was reported in locations across Aj Jazirah, Central Darfur, Kassala, Khartoum, North Darfur, North Kordofan, Northern, Red Sea, River Nile, West Darfur, and White Nile.  
• The majority of displaced households sought shelter with host communities within the same localities. 

 
Note: All figures should be understood as preliminary estimates, pending further verification. DTM Sudan will continue to provide updates on flood-induced displacement via Early Warning Flash alerts, distributed via the DTM-IOM Sudan mailing list.  For further information on displacement and mobility in Sudan, see Sudan Mobility Update (4).