Assessment Report

To gain a better understanding of the mobility dynamics and vulnerabilities of Myanmar nationals entering Thailand, IOM Thailand initiated flow monitoring activities at key points of entry (POEs) in Tak, Ranong, and Kanchanaburi border provinces in 2023 using IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) tools. Flow monitoring aims track the scale and characteristics of Myanmar nationals’ mobility along the Myanmar-Thailand border, including the volume of movements and intended destinations of migrants, their reasons for movement, intended lengths of stay, and expectations about work sectors and conditions. The tool provides critical insights into current mobility dynamics in the context of the socio-economic and security situation in Myanmar following the military takeover in February 2021. The following report extends findings from the mid-year flow monitoring report published in September 2023. It covers the entire year of 2023 in Tak and Ranong, and additionally includes analysis of Kanchanaburi province from September to December 2023. 

Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC) and Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS) are conducted simultaneously at each point for one week every month. Tak, Kanchanaburi, and Ranong were chosen due to pre-existing information indicating that the three provinces experience a substantial volume of entries of Myanmar nationals.

From January to December 2023, IOM’s Migration Data and Research Unit (MDRU) interviewed a total of 4,693 incoming Myanmar nationals to Thailand, with 2,366 interviewed in Tak province (50%), 2,310 in Ranong province (49%), and 17 in Kanchanaburi province (1%).
 

This report employs data collected within the framework of the Crossing Back surveys conducted in Romania between January and December 2023 with Ukrainian nationals who were either crossing back for a short-time visit or returning for a long-term period to Ukraine from or through Romania. The analysis considers ‘’short-term visitors’’ those persons who intended to spend 0-30 days in Ukraine, while respondents planning to stay for more than a month are defined as “prospective returnees”.

The survey included answers from 5,773 Ukrainian nationals living in or passing through Romania who were travelling to Ukraine. Among those interviewed before crossing back into Ukraine, the majority stayed in Romania (59%), followed by Bulgaria (17%) or Germany (5%). Additional countries of residence included Italy (4%), the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (3%), Türkiye (2%), Belgium (2%), Greece (1%), Austria (1%), with the remaining 6% distributed among other nations.

The travel intentions of the surveyed Ukrainian nationals show that most respondents (53%) were “short-term visitors”, while 27 per-cent were prospective returnees. Another 20 per cent were not sure regarding their visit period. Also, most UA citizens were travelling back to their oblast of origin (93%), with most respondents originating from Odeska, Chernivetska, Mykolaivska, Ivan-Frankivska, City of Kiyv and Kharvivska.

Please note that this report is divided into three sections:

- Area Assessment (AA)

- Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT)

- The IDP Intention Survey (IS)

The report contains cross-cutting descriptive analyses from a combination of data sources to provide the best possible overview.

The Area Assessment remains the most suitable source of information on target population sizes and locations. Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) should be understood as indicative of new displacement events and trends without serving as a source of population sizes as households may experience multiple displacements during the reporting period or might have returned before the end of the reporting period. Both the Area Assessment and RDT are based on key informant interviews. The intention survey (here based on 13,307 face-to-face interviews in May 2023) serves to provide insights into past and present motives of displaced populations, thereby providing a more personal profile of affected populations.

This report reflects data corresponding to Weekly Displacement Snapshot 28 dataset, valid as of 17 April 2024. The dataset is available here. 

Overview

On 15 April 2023, armed clashes erupted between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in multiple cities across Sudan. Clashes initially took place in cities across Northern and Khartoum states, later spreading across the Darfur and Kordofan regions.

Highlights

• DTM Sudan estimates that 6,720,136 individuals (1,338,746 households) were displaced internally since 15 April 2023. 
• The IDP caseload was observed in 7,230 locations across all of Sudan’s 18 states. 
• The highest proportions of IDPs were hosted across South Darfur (11%), River Nile (10%), and East Darfur (10%).
• Field teams reported that the IDPs observed were originally displaced from twelve states. The majority (3,564,619 IDPs, 53%) were reportedly displaced from Khartoum state; followed by South Darfur (15%), Aj Jazirah (10%), North Darfur (9%), Central Darfur (4%), West Darfur (4%), South Kordofan (2%), East Darfur (1%), West Kordofan (1%), North Kordofan (1%), Sennar (1%) and White Nile (<1%).
• IOM-DTM also reported that an estimated 2,063,976 mixed cross-border movements were made into neighbouring countries.
• This product provides brief insights into those displaced in Sudan post-15 April 2023. For more granular information on the IDP caseload and the displacement context, please see IOM-DTM's One Year of Conflict: Visualizing the World's Largest Displacement Crisis. 

Since 01 April 2024, DTM monitored numerous clashes across Al Fasher and other localities in North Darfur state. According to DTM field teams, clashes triggered widespread displacement across North Darfur state. As of 18 April 2024, approximately  40,615 individuals (approximately 8,123 households) were displaced in Al Fasher locality due to the numerous clashes since the beginning of the month. 

The Focused Flash Alert provides a numeric breakdown of population estimates affected by the recent escalations from 01 April -18 April 2024. All figures should be understood as preliminary estimates, pending further verification.

Ovaj izveštaj pruža uvid u profile, iskustva i putovanja migranata koji prolaze kroz Republiku Srbiju.

Podaci su prikupljani od 1. do 31. marta 2024. godine u saradnji sa Komesarijatom za izbeglice i migracije Republike Srbije (Komesarijat). Uzorak čine 262 intervjuisana migranta.

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences and journeys of migrants transiting through the Republic of Serbia.

Data was collected from 1 to 31 March 2024 together with the Commissariat for Refugees and Migrants of the Republic of Serbia (SCRM). The sample consists of 262 interviewed migrants.

• Depuis le début des affrontements au Soudan, presque 700 000 personnes ont traversé la frontière vers le Tchad. L’OIM estime que plus de 165 499 parmi eux sont des retournés tchadiens et s’attend à ce que ce nombre passe à 204 000 d’ici fin aout 2024, en raison de la reprise du conflit au Darfour.

• En tant qu'agence principale pour la réponse aux retournés, l'OIM collabore avec un éventail de partenaires opérationnels, notamment le gouvernement du Tchad, le HCR, OCHA, la FLM, PUI, l'UNICEF, MSF, l'UNFPA, LMI, le CICR, l'IRC, ACTED, la Croix-Rouge tchadienne, HELP-Tchad, ATURAD, Concern Worldwide, COOPI, INTERSOS et PAM.

• En coordination avec la CNARR et les organisations humanitaires, l'OIM a déjà enregistré plus de 110 958 retournes et 365 ressortissants de pays tiers (Soudan du Sud, Niger, Éthiopie, République centrafricaine, Burkina Faso, Sierra Leone, Nigéria et Ouganda) dans 43 localités de trois provinces.

• La plupart des retournés sont installés spontanément près de la frontière avec le Soudan et ont un besoin urgent de nourriture, d’eau, d’assainissement et d’hygiène, d’abris, d’articles non alimentaires, de soutien sanitaire et de protection.

• L’OIM soutient la relocalisation des retournés d’Adre vers la communauté de retournés nouvellement développée de Tongori, dans la province du Ouaddaï, où elle leur offre des abris, une assistance WASH, NFI et une assistance en matière de protection/MHPSS. Plus de 13 000 personnes ont jusqu’à présent été relocalisées. L'OIM développe également le site de Deguessa, dans la province de Sila, avec une assistance en matière d'abris, de WASH et de protection/MHPSS au profit de plus de 25 000 retournés.

• Six incendies se sont déclarés dans le village de rapatriés de Tongori, dans l'Ouaddaï, du 4 au 20 mars 2024, entraînant la destruction de plus de 170 abris et aucune victime humaine. Le CNARR mène actuellement une enquête active sur la cause de ces incendies. En collaboration avec les autorités locales, l'OIM met actuellement en place des mesures supplémentaires de sécurité incendie et de sécurité sur le site.

• L'OIM se coordonne avec les autorités locales et les représentations diplomatiques pour le retour volontaire dans leur pays d'origine des ressortissants de pays comme l'Éthiopie, le Soudan du Sud, le Nigéria, le Niger et le Cameroun, vivant auparavant au Soudan et déplacés vers l'est du Tchad.

This report presents the results of the second round of the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS) implemented in Montenegro. The data was collected from 8 June to 28 August 2023. IOM interviewed a total of 126 respondents.
FMS provides a snapshot o f the profiles, experiences and needs of migrants residing in the Department for the Reception of Foreigners Seeking International Protection in Božaj and in the Department for the Reception of Foreigners Seeking International Protection in Spuž in Montenegro. The survey asks questions on demographics, education and employment backgrounds, the circumstances of the migration journey and migration factors, as well as future intentions.

Constatări cheie:

• Top 3 țări de ședere în străinătate: Republica Moldova (48%), România (11%), Turcia (7%)
• Top 3 regiuni* de origine: Odesa (35%), orașul și regiunea Kyiv (22%), Mîkolaiiv (7%) *Regiuni din Ucraina
• Destinațiile planificate: spre regiunea originară (92%), spre o regiune diferită (8%): orașul Kyiv, Vinița și Odesa
• Necesități*: sprijin financiar (22%), medicamente și servicii medicale (9%), suport pentru siguranța și securitatea personală (8%), fără necesități imediate (35%)
• Intenții de ședere: ședere pe termen lung (58%), vizită de scurtă durată (38%), nu știe (4%)

* Mai mult de un răspuns posibil