Flow Monitoring

In April 2024, a total of 35,086 movements were observed across the six flow monitoring points (FMPs) in Ethiopia. This represents a 16% decrease in daily average movements in comparison with March 2024 when an average of 1,395 movements per day were observed.

The ratio between outgoing movements (67% or 23,666 individuals) during April and incoming movements (33% or 11,420 individuals) slightly changed, as the incoming movements decreased compared to the March incoming movements. In March 2024, 10,961 incoming individuals were recorded traveling from Kenya, whereas only 1,589 incoming individuals from Kenya were observed in April. Historically, recorded outflows have been higher than inflows as seen in the figure below. However, in May and June 2023, due to the outbreak of the Sudan crisis, inflows exceeded outflows.

في مايو 2024، أبلغت مصفوفة تتبع النزوح في اليمن التابعة للمنظمة الدولية للهجرة عن دخول 1,685 مهاجرًا إلى اليمن، بزيادة قدرها 14 بالمائة عن الرقم الإجمالي المُبلغ عنه في الشهر السابق (1,479 مهاجرًا). غادر معظم المهاجرين (90%) من منطقة باري في الصومال (1,510)، في حين غادر العشرة في المائة المتبقية من أوبوك، جيبوتي.

ومن بين إجمالي المهاجرين المسجلين، كان 13 في المائة أطفال، و26 في المائة نساء، و62 في المائة رجال). علاوة على ذلك، ذكر 80 في المائة من المهاجرين أن النزاع كان السبب الرئيسي الذي دفعهم إلى مغادرة بلدهم الأصلي.

وعادةً ما تكون لحج بمثابة نقطة دخول للمهاجرين المغادرين عبر جيبوتي، في حين تعد شبوة بمثابة نقطة دخول للمهاجرين المغادرين عبر الصومال. ومع ذلك، فإن جميع المهاجرين الذين غادروا جيبوتي والصومال في الفترة المشمولة بالتقرير وصلوا إلى المنطقة الساحلية بمحافظة شبوة بسبب الحملة العسكرية المشتركة التي استهدفت الخط الساحلي لمحافظة لحج. وتهدف الحملة إلى الحد من وصول المهاجرين وإيقافه من خلال اعتراض القوارب واحتجاز المهربين. منذ أن بدأت في أغسطس 2023، أدت الحملة إلى وصول ما يقرب من الصفر من تدفق المهاجرين عبر هذا الطريق في الأشهر اللاحقة مع استثناء واحد في ديسمبر 2023 عندما نقل القارب 110 مهاجرين إلى الشاطئ.

حدد فريق مصفوفة تتبع النزوح 4,010 عائدًا يمنيًا في مايو 2024، وهو ما يمثل انخفاضًا بنسبة 21 بالمائة مقارنة بعدد العائدين في أبريل (5,046 فردًا). بالإضافة إلى ذلك، سجل الفريق ما مجموعه 221 مهاجرًا تم ترحيلهم من عمان إلى نقطة ديفن في مديرية شحن بمحافظة المهرة باليمن. وكان جميع المهاجرين المرحلين من عمان مواطنين إثيوبيين.

أجبرت الأزمة الإنسانية المتفاقمة في اليمن العديد من المهاجرين على اتخاذ قرار صعب بالعودة إلى بلدانهم الأصلية في القرن الأفريقي، حيث أفادت التقارير أن السلطات قامت بترحيل بعضهم. في مايو 2024، سجلت مصفوفة تتبع النزوح ما مجموعه 750 مهاجرًا غادروا اليمن إما طوعًا أو تم ترحيلهم بالقوارب من اليمن. وتتكون هذه المجموعة من 90% رجال، و9% نساء، و1% أطفال.

علاوة على ذلك، في مايو 2024، أبلغ فريق مصفوفة تتبع النزوح في جيبوتي عن وصول إجمالي 1,240 مهاجرًا (91% رجال، و8% نساء، و1% أطفال) إلى جيبوتي قادمين من اليمن بعد القيام برحلة محفوفة بالمخاطر للعودة إلى وطنهم. وتؤكد هذه الأرقام التحديات الكبيرة التي يواجهها المهاجرون في اليمن والظروف اليائسة التي دفعتهم إلى المخاطرة برحلات بحرية خطيرة.

OVERVIEW: The Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR) of the IOM Yemen Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) monitors the arrival of migrants along Yemen’s southern coastal border and the repatriation of Yemeni nationals along its northern border with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to identify various migration patterns and provide quantitative estimates of the irregular migrant population entering the country. It’s crucial to understand that the FMR does not capture all migration flows in Yemen; instead, it provides indicative insights into migration trends based on a known total number of migrants arriving at FMPs during a specific time frame.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS: In May 2024, the IOM Yemen DTM reported 1,685 migrants entering Yemen, a 14 per cent increase from the total figure reported in the previous month (1,479 migrants). Most migrants (90%) left from Bari Region in Somalia (1,510), while the remaining ten per cent left from Obock, Djibouti.

Among the total migrants recorded, 13 per cent were children, 26 per cent were women, and 62 per cent were men). Furthermore, 80 per cent of migrants stated that conflict was the primary reason encourage them for leaving their country of origin.

Typically, Lahj serves as an entry point for migrants departing through Djibouti whereas Shabwah serves as an entry point for migrants departing through Somalia. However, all migrants departed from Djibouti and Somalia in this reporting period arrived in coastal area of Shabwah Governorate due joint military campaign targeting the coastline of Lahj Governorate. The campaign aiming at reducing and stopping the arrival of migrants by intercepting boats and detaining smugglers. Since it started in August 2023, the campaign resulted a near-zero arrival of migrant flow through this route in the subsequent months with a single exception in December 2023 when boat transported 110 migrants ashore.

The DTM team identified 4,010 Yemeni returnees in May 2024, a 21 per cent decrease compared to the number of returnees in April (5,046 individuals). Additionally, the team recorded a total of 221 migrants that were deported from Oman back to Deifen Point in Shahan district of Al Maharah governorate, Yemen. All deported migrants from Oman were Ethiopian nationals.

The worsening humanitarian crisis in Yemen has compelled many migrants to make difficult decision to return to their home countries in the Horn of Africa, some have reportedly been deported by authorities. In May 2024, the DTM recorded a total of 750 migrants leaving Yemen either voluntarily or were deported by boat from Yemen. This group was composed of 90 per cent men, nine per cent women, and one per cent children.

Furthermore, in May 2024, the Djibouti DTM team reported a total of 1,240 migrants (91% men, 8% women, and 1% children) arrived in Djibouti from Yemen after undertaking a perilous journey back home. These figures underscore the significant challenges migrants in Yemen face and the desperate circumstances that have led them to risk dangerous sea voyages.

Cantons: Alajuela, Alajuela, Cartago, Corredores, Desamparados, Escazu, Heredia, La Cruz, Los Chiles, Liberia, San Carlos  San Jose, Santa Ana, Santo Domingo, Tibas y Upala

Costa Rica, like other Central American countries, has been characterized as a migratory corridor for the flow of people in mobility through the Americas. This flow is mainly composed of people from the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Cuba, Haiti, Ecuador, as well as from other countries in South America, Africa, and Asia. According to estimates from IOM Costa Rica, during May 2024, approximately 33,240 people entered the country, with a daily average of 1,072 people. This represents a 7% increase compared to April 2024. Additionally, 814 people were identified as stranded in monitored public places and 1,381 people stranded in monitored shelters.

Cantons: Alajuela, Alajuelita, Cartago, Desamparados, Escazú, Corredores, Heredia, Los Chiles, San Carlos, San José, Santa Ana, Santo Domingo, Tibás

Costa Rica, al igual que otros países de América Central, se ha distinguido por ser un corredor migratorio del flujo en situación de movilidad por las Américas. Este flujo está compuesto principalmente por personas provenientes de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, Cuba, Haití, Ecuador, así como de otros países de Suramérica, África y Asia. Según estimaciones de la OIM Costa Rica, durante mayo de 2024 ingresaron al país aproximadamente 33.240 personas, con un promedio diario de 1.072 personas. Esto representa un aumento del 7% en comparación con abril de 2024. Además, se identificaron 814 personas varadas en los sitios públicos monitoreados y 1.381 personas varadas en los albergues monitoreados.

This report presents the results of the fourth round of the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS) implemented in North Macedonia. The data was collected from 26 June to 31 August 2023, in three flow monitoring points. IOM interviewed a total of 183 individual respondents.
FMS provide a snapshot of the profiles, experiences and needs of migrants transiting through North Macedonia. The survey asks questions on demographics, education and employment backgrounds, the circumstances of the migration journey and migration factors, as well as future intentions.

The quarterly report is developed by combining secondary data obtained from different sources, including government agencies, international organizations, non-profit entities, and other types of organizations. More specifically, the report for the first quarter of 2024 was derived from data from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Bureau of National Statistics, and Border Service of Kazakhstan. The data was compiled through a combination of published sources and direct requests to the partners and government agencies.

IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) collected data on the needs, intentions, and integration challenges of refugees as part of the Surveys with Refugees in the Ukraine Response Region exercise. From January to March 2024 (Q1), DTM interviewed a total of 437 individuals in Romania, all of whom were Ukrainian except one. This report presents the findings of surveys with 436 adult Ukrainian nationals, including access to services that facilitate integration, and need and assistance.

Key findings:

• Migration status
  • 93% EU Temporary protection status
  • 7% Other Active population:
• Household (HH) composition
  • At least 2 adults and 1 child – 38%
  • A single adult and at least 1 child – 21%
  • Alone – 21%
  • At least two adults and no children – 19%
  • Other – 1%
• Children  
  • 65% - HH with children 
  • 68 % - children aged between 5 and 17 years old 
  • 32% - infants aged between 0 and 4 years old 
• Needs 
  • Financial support (73%) 
  • Sanitary products (56%) 
  • Food supply (53%) 
  • Health services (53%)  
  • Employment (31%) 
• Obstacles in accessing healthcare   
  • Language barrier 43% 
  • None 38% 
  • Cost 29% 
  • Long queues 17% 
  • Unavailable Services 8% 
• Ease of visiting a doctor 
  • Very difficult 8% 
  • Somewhat difficult 31% 
  • Neither easy, nor difficult 30% 
  • Somewhat easy 13% 
  • Very easy 1% 
  • Unknown 17% 

In March 2024, a total of 43,252 movements were observed across the six flow monitoring points (FMPs) in Ethiopia. This represents an 11.5% increase in daily average movements in comparison with February 2024 when an average of 1,251 movements per day were observed.

The ratio between outgoing movements (52% or 22,490 individuals) during March and incoming movements (48% or 20,762 individuals) slightly changed. This is due to an increase in returns from Kenya. In February 2024, 4,689 incoming individuals were registered traveling from Kenya, whereas 10,961 incoming individuals from Kenya were observed in March. Historically, recorded outflows have been higher than inflows as seen in the figure below. However, in May and June 2023, due to the outbreak of the Sudan crisis, inflows exceeded outflows.