No

To ascertain the future intentions and aspirations of the IDPs in Kaduna State, the DTM surveyed 22 LGAs where IDPs were situated. Out of the 20,766 displaced households in the state, 2,447 were interviewed. All IDP households interviewed reside in host communities. There were no IDP households that lived in camps or camp-like settings in the state.

To understand the future intentions and aspirations of IDPs in Benue State, the DTM surveyed 16 LGAs where IDPs were located. From a total population of 70,597 displaced households in the state, a sample of 3,877 households participated in the survey. Among these, 11 per cent were situated in camps or camp-like settings, while 89 per cent lived in host communities.

As of 15 October 2024, 3.7 million people remain internally displaced (IDPs), while 4.4 million people who had been displaced have since returned to their primary places of residence. According to the World Bank, more than 9 million people in Ukraine are estimated to be living in poverty, an increase of 1.8 million people since February 2022. The pace of recovery in Ukraine is also projected to slow to 3.2 per cent in 2024 from 4.8 per cent in 2023, due to a smaller harvest and persistent labour shortages. With millions seeking safety and stability, often while remaining in displacement, the challenges of maintaining livelihoods and accessing social protection are paramount, necessitating focused interventions to mitigate economic hardships.

This thematic brief provides an overview of livelihoods in Ukraine, focusing on access to employment and exploring its relationship with displacement, returns, and mobility intentions. It aims to shed light on how access to sustainable economic opportunities for displaced and conflict-affected populations may correlate with enhanced resilience, self-sufficiency, and autonomy.

Ovaj izvještaj pruža uvid u profile, iskustva, potrebe, puteve i namjere migranata koji prolaze kroz Bosnu i Hercegovinu (BiH).1 Podaci su prikupljani od 1. do 31. oktobra 2024. IOM je pratio rute u Republici Srpskoj, Kantonu Sarajevo, Posavskom kantonu, Tuzlanskom kantonu, Bosansko-podrinjskom kantonu i Unsko-sanskom kantonu, kako bi se utvrdili trendove ulazaka i izlazaka, kao i modaliteta tranzita unutar BiH. IOM je također anketirao 280 migranata na aktivnim tranzitnim lokacijama kao što su autobuske stanice ili na ključnim ulaznim i izlaznim lokacijama širom zemlje, kao i u četiri privremena prihvatna centra (PPC) u BiH (Lipa, Ušivak , Borići i Blažuj).

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences, needs, routes travelled and intentions of migrants transiting through Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH).1 Data was collected from 1 to 31 October 2024. IOM carried out a route observation exercise in the Republika Srpska, Sarajevo Canton, Posavina Canton, Tuzla Canton, Bosnian-Podrinje Canton and Una Sana Canton to monitor trends in entries and exits as well as transit modalities within BiH. IOM also surveyed 280 migrants in active transit locations such as bus stops or at key entry and exit locations throughout the country as well as in four transit reception centres (TRCs) in BiH (Lipa, Ušivak, Borići and Blažuj).

According to the latest figures from the Turkish Presidency of Migration Management (PMM), there are more than 4.3 million foreigners in Türkiye, of whom 3.3 million are seeking international protection.

Most of them are Syrians (3,086,0691) who have been granted temporary protection status. Another group of foreigners are international protection holders mainly from Iraq, Afghanistan, the Islamic Republic of Iran and Ukraine. In 2024, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), there were 230,6172 refugees and asylum-seekers in Türkiye.

In addition, 1,032,3793 foreigners with residence permits were in Türkiye as of October 2024, which is 97,2354 people less than in October 2023.

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences, needs, routes travelled and intentions of migrants transiting through the Western Balkans. IOM surveyed 1,124 migrants from 1 October to 31 October 2024 in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Kosovo*.

*References to Kosovo* shall be understood in the context of UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999).

The Horn of Africa and Yemen is one of the busiest and riskiest migration corridors in the world travelled by hundreds of thousands of migrants, the majority of whom travel in an irregular manner, often relying on smugglers to facilitate movement along the Eastern Route. This regional report provides monthly updates on the complex migratory dynamics through Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia and Yemen based on diverse data sources and consultations with key informants in the four countries. Moreover, it provides information on the main protection concerns for migrants along the journey, a focus on children and information on the forced returns from Saudi Arabia to Ethiopia, Somalia and Yemen.

• As of September (53,000), movements tracked in Obock towards the Arabian Peninsula surpassed all movements tracked in 2023 (49,100), which represents a 62% increase between 2023 (32,700) and 2024 for the period of January to September, and an 8% increase from all exit movements tracked in 2023.

• The number of stranded migrants in Djibouti almost quadrupled (+259%) between August (963) and September (3,461) due to the resumption of migratory movements after August’s heavy rains and floods, and tighter controls by Djiboutian authorities along the coast of Obock.

• While the overall number of migrants assisted in Obock remained similar between 2023 (2,028) and 2024 (1,850) for the period of January to September, the number of assisted girls increased by 40% (from 43 to 60).

• For the period of January to September, exit movements from Ethiopia along the Eastern Route increased by 28% between 2023 (135,000) and 2024 (173,000).

• In Ethiopia, the number of tracked migrant children increased by 33% between 2023 (6,500) and 2024 (8,700) for the period of January to September, with the number of migrant boys and girls increasing by 38% and 24%, respectively. • In September, an additional 6,000 forced returns from Saudi Arabia to Ethiopia brought the total number of forced returns to 86,800, which is more than double (+102%) the total reported in all of 2023 (43,000).

• The number of migrant children tracked in Bossaso heading to Yemen more than doubled (+132%) between 2023 (2,800) and 2024 (6,400) for the period of January to September, representing 16% of movements in 2024.

• During September, there were reports of armed groups exploiting stranded migrants and coercing some into joining their ranks, while smuggling networks in the Sool region have increased their demands on transiting migrants for transportation and accommodation fees.

• In September, 284 Ethiopian migrants were deported from Oman to Yemen through Deifen Point in the Shahan district of Al Maharah Governorate, which represents a 53% increase between 2023 (1,082) and 2024 (1,653) for the period of January to September and a 24% increase from the whole of 2023 (1,336)

Since 20 October 2024, DTM monitored an escalation in clashes between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) across multiple localities in Aj Jazirah state. The Focused Flash Alert provides a numeric breakdown of displacement due to escalations in Aj Jazirah state, from 20 October to 13 November 2024. 

All figures should be understood as preliminary estimates, pending further verification. 

• Reported clashes displaced an estimated 343,473 individuals (68,801 households) between 20 October and 13 November 2024. 
• Individuals were displaced to 38 localities across seven different states. 
• Approximately (44%) of IDPs were displaced to localities in Gedaref state.
• Among the individuals displaced, an estimated 15,129 IDPs were already displaced prior to the escalation, and therefore experienced secondary displacement. 

DTM Sudan releases Early Warning Flash Alerts to provide immediate updates on specific incidents or armed clashes that spurred displacement.  Early Warning Flash Alerts are distributed via the DTM Sudan mailing list. For more granular information on displacement and mobility, see Sudan Mobility Overview (03). See also Focused Flash Alert: Aj Jazirah (Update 02) and (Update 01).