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نظرة عامة: يراقب سجل مراقبة التدفق (FMR) الخاص بمصفوفة تتبع النزوح في اليمن (DTM) التابعة للمنظمة الدولية للهجرة وصول المهاجرين على طول الحدود الساحلية الجنوبية لليمن وعودة المواطنين اليمنيين على طول حدودها الشمالية مع المملكة العربية السعودية لتحديد أنماط الهجرة وتقديم تقديرات كمية لعدد المهاجرين غير النظاميين الذين يدخلون البلاد. من المهم أن نفهم أن نشرة الهجرة القسرية لا تتضمن جميع تدفقات الهجرة كما يتضح من عمليات المغادرة إلى اليمن التي التقطتها مصفوفة تتبع النزوح التابعة للمنظمة الدولية للهجرة في جيبوتي إلى مناطق على طول الساحل الغربي لليمن والتي ظلت غير قابلة للوصول لإجراء التقييمات. وبدلا من ذلك، فإنه يوفر رؤى إرشادية حول اتجاهات الهجرة استنادا إلى العدد الإجمالي المعروف للمهاجرين الذين يصلون على طول الحدود الساحلية والبرية الخاضعة للمراقبة خلال الفترة المشمولة بالتقرير. اعتبارًا من نهاية سبتمبر 2024، تمكنت المنظمة الدولية للهجرة من الوصول إلى ساحل تعز في ذوباب مما يسمح بتحسين تغطية الوافدين من جيبوتي. يرجى ملاحظة أن هذه التغطية المحسنة ستترجم إلى زيادة في العدد الإجمالي للوافدين لا يمثل بالضرورة زيادة في أعداد الوافدين.

ملخص النتائج: في سبتمبر 2024، تتبعت مصفوفة تتبع النزوح في اليمن التابعة للمنظمة الدولية للهجرة 2,692 مهاجرًا دخلوا اليمن، بزيادة قدرها 65 بالمائة عن الرقم الإجمالي المُبلغ عنه في الشهر السابق (1,631 مهاجرًا). وغادر غالبية المهاجرين (79%) من منطقة باري في الصومال، بينما غادر الباقون (21%) من جيبوتي.

ومن بين إجمالي المهاجرين المسجلين، كان 12 في المائة أطفال، و25 في المائة نساء، و63 في المائة رجال.

وعادةً ما تكون لحج بمثابة نقطة دخول للمهاجرين المغادرين عبر جيبوتي، في حين تعد شبوة بمثابة نقطة دخول للمهاجرين المغادرين عبر الصومال. خلال الفترة المشمولة بالتقرير، لا يزال معظم المهاجرين يدخلون عبر الصومال (79%)، مع وصول 21% منهم إلى الساحل الغربي في محافظة تعز. ومع بدء التتبع في تعز في نهاية سبتمبر/أيلول، فمن المرجح أن تتغير هذه النسبة في أكتوبر/تشرين الأول. وفي الوقت نفسه، لم يتم تسجيل وصول أي مهاجرين إلى لحج، ويرجع ذلك على الأرجح إلى الإجراءات التي اتخذتها الحكومة لمكافحة التهريب منذ أغسطس 2023.

حدد فريق مصفوفة تتبع النزوح 4,045 عائدًا يمنيًا في سبتمبر 2024، وهو ما يمثل انخفاضًا بنسبة 2 بالمائة مقارنة بعدد العائدين في يوليو (4,113 فردًا). بالإضافة إلى ذلك، سجل الفريق ما مجموعه 284 مهاجرًا تم ترحيلهم من عمان إلى نقطة ديفن في مديرية شحن بمحافظة المهرة باليمن. وكان جميع المهاجرين المرحلين مواطنين إثيوبيين.

وفي حين أن الأزمة الإنسانية المتفاقمة في اليمن قد أجبرت بعض المهاجرين على اتخاذ القرار الصعب بالعودة إلى بلدانهم الأصلية في القرن الأفريقي، فقد أفادت التقارير أن السلطات الحكومية أعادت آخرين. في سبتمبر 2024، سجلت مصفوفة تتبع النزوح إجمالي 1,582 مهاجرًا غادروا اليمن إما طوعًا أو عادوا بالقوارب من اليمن. وتتكون هذه المجموعة من 92% رجال، و7% نساء، و1% أطفال.

علاوة على ذلك، في سبتمبر 2024، أبلغ فريق مصفوفة تتبع النزوح في جيبوتي عن وصول إجمالي 1,561 مهاجرًا (94% رجال، و5% نساء، و1% أطفال) إلى جيبوتي قادمين من اليمن. وتؤكد هذه الأرقام التحديات الكبيرة التي يواجهها المهاجرون في اليمن والظروف اليائسة التي دفعتهم إلى المخاطرة برحلات بحرية خطيرة.

OVERVIEW: The Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR) of the IOM Yemen Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) monitors the arrival of migrants along Yemen’s southern coastal border and the return of Yemeni nationals along its northern border with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to identify migration patterns and provide quantitative estimates of the irregular migrant population entering the country. It’s crucial to understand that the FMR does not capture all migration flows as demonstrated by departures to Yemen captured by IOM DTM Djibouti to areas along the West Coast of Yemen which have remained inaccessible for assessments. Instead, it provides indicative insights into migration trends based on a known total number of migrants arriving along monitored coast and land borders during the reporting period. As of the end of September 2024, IOM gained access to the coast of Ta'iz in Dhubab allowing for an improved coverage of arrivals from Djibouti. Please note that this improved coverage will translate into an increased overall number of arrivals that is not necessarily representative of an increase in arrival numbers.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS: In September 2024, the IOM Yemen DTM tracked 2,692 migrants entering Yemen, a 65 per cent increase from the total figure reported in the previous month (1,631 migrants). The majority of migrants (79%) left from Bari Region in Somalia, while the rest (21%) departed from Djibouti.

Among the total migrants recorded, 12 per cent were children, 25 per cent were women, and 63 per cent were men.

Typically, Lahj serves as an entry point for migrants departing through Djibouti whereas Shabwah serves as an entry point for migrants departing through Somalia. During the reporting period, most migrants still entered through Somalia (79%) with 21 per cent arriving on the west coast in Ta'iz governorate. As tracking in Ta'iz began in the end of September, this proportion is likely to change in October. Meanwhile, no migrants were recorded arriving in Lahj, likely due to measures taken by the government to combat smuggling since August 2023.

The DTM team identified 4,045 Yemeni returnees in September 2024, a two per cent decrease compared to the number of returnees in July (4,113 individuals). Additionally, the team recorded a total of 284 migrants that were deported from Oman back to Deifen Point in Shahan district of Al Maharah Governorate, Yemen. All deported migrants were Ethiopian nationals.

While the worsening humanitarian crisis in Yemen has compelled some migrants to make the difficult decision to return to their home countries in the Horn of Africa, others have reportedly been returned by government authorities. In September 2024, DTM recorded a total of 1,582 migrants leaving Yemen either voluntarily or returned by boat from Yemen. This group was composed of 92 per cent men, seven per cent women, and one per cent children.

Furthermore, in September 2024, the Djibouti DTM team reported a total of 1,561 migrants (94% men, 5% women, and 1% children) arrived in Djibouti from Yemen. These figures underscore the significant challenges migrants in Yemen face and the desperate circumstances that have led them to risk dangerous sea voyages.

IOM Yemen DTM's Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects data on estimated numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis from their locations of origin or displacement, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of estimated numbers, geography, and needs. It also tracks returnees who returned to their location of origin.

From 1 January to 12 October 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 2,856 households (HH) (17,136 Individuals) who experienced displacement at least once.

Between 6 and 12 October 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 22 households (132 individuals) displaced at least once. The majority of people moved into/within the following governorates and districts:

• Ma'rib (20 HHs) – Ma'rib City (15 HHs), Ma'rib (3 HHs), Harib (2 HHs) districts. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Al Hodeidah and Al Bayda.
• Al Hodeidah (2 HHs) – Hays (2 HHs) district. All displacements in the governorate were internal.

The majority of people moved from the following governorates and districts:

• Al Hodeidah (8 HHs) – Alluhayah (2 HHs), Al Qanawis (2 HHs), Hays (2 HHs) districts.
• Al Bayda (3 HHs) – Al Quraishyah (2 HHs), Rada (1 HHs) districts.
• Taiz (2 HHs) – Jabal Habashi (1 HHs), Al Misrakh (1 HHs) districts.

IOM identified 15 additional households displaced in the previous reporting period, which covered 29 September - 05 October 2024, in the governorates of Al Hodeidah (9 HHs), and Marib (6 HHs). These figures have been added to the cumulative displacement total recorded since the beginning of the year.

This information was gathered following armed attacks that occurred on 10th October in the municipality of Arcahaie, in the 1st communal section of Boucassin. A total of 4,674 individuals (1,067 households) were displaced as a result of these attacks. All these individuals sought refuge in the same municipality of Arcahaie, with 57% of them staying with relatives as host families, while 43% in 3 sites. Updates will be disseminated by DTM based on observations of new movements related to these attacks.

On 30 September 2024, armed bandits attacked the community of Janbako in Janbako ward of Maradun LGA in Zamfara State. The attack affected 206 individuals in 42 households, including 115 children, 50 women and 41 men. Additionally, 32 individuals were displaced to the community of Maradun South in Maradun LGA.
On 02 and 03 October 2024, farmer/herder clashes occurred in the communities of Eguma in Ogwule Ogbaulu ward of Agatu local government area (LGA), Adam HC in Mbaikyor ward of Kwande LGA and Tse Anyom in Mbatian ward of Ukum LGA, all in Benue State. There were reports of two injuries and 10 fatalities. The clashes affected 1,280 individuals in 271 households, including 683 children, 300 women and 297 men. The clashes displaced 11 individuals from Eguma community to Usha community in Ogwule ward and four individuals from Adam HC community to Nyihemba HC in Mbaikyor ward.

MTM implements the Return Migrants Survey in Kyrgyzstan with international return migrants in various locations including seven regions and two cities. The selection of survey locations was informed by the findings of MTM’s Baseline Mobility Assessment (BMA) on return migrants. The survey questionnaire drew upon IOM's previous studies in Central Asia and consultations with both internal and external experts. It covered a range of topics including socio-economic profiles, migration experiences, employment status, remittances, as well as identifying needs and vulnerabilities.

In the third round of the survey (conducted from May to July 2024), 1,734 return migrants were interviewed. The key findings reveal significant insights into their circumstances. The majority of return migrants, 79 per cent, came from the Russian Federation. Moreover, 41 per cent of the respondents reported having attained an upper secondary education level, while 37 per cent of the respondents identified themselves as the primary breadwinners for their families. Moreover, a notable portion, 90 per cent, stated they either live in their own or their parents' houses. The majority, 23 per cent of the return migrants, were previously engaged in the construction sector. In addition, 30 per cent of the return migrants indicated that they wanted to permanently stay in Kyrgyzstan without any intended plans for re-migration.

This information was gathered following attacks that occurred on 4th October in the municipality of Saint Marc, in the 5th communal section of Bocozelle, precisely in the locality of Pont-Sondé. This report is an update of the one that was published on 4th October (ETT 49). A total of 6,742 individuals (1,414 households) were displaced as a result of these attacks. These individuals sought refuge in the municipalities of Saint Marc, Montrouis, Verretes, La Chapelle and Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite, with 78% of them staying with relatives as host families, while 22% in 6 separate sites including 3 sites that was opened at the beginning of displacement and 3 created after the publication of the first report on this situation.

As of September 2024, 3,187,793 individuals have been displaced, including 2,616,570 internally displaced persons (82% of the displaced population) and 571,223 refugees (18% of the displaced population). Sixty-six per cent of the displaced populations (2,101,962 individuals) were located in Burkina Faso, while 14 per cent resided in Mali (451,844 individuals), 11 per cent in Niger (352,718 individuals) and 4 per cent in Mauritania (136,954 individuals). The crisis’ recent spill over to coastal countries, namely Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo and Benin, shows growing number of refugees coming from the Central Sahel and populations internally displaced. As of September, 144,315 individuals were affected by displacement within the four countries (25,929 in Benin, 59,937 in Côte d’Ivoire, 7,242 in Ghana and 51,207 in Togo) of which 34,088 were internally displaced.