Overview
The Sudan Mobility Overview provides an in-depth analysis of displacement and mobility in Sudan between 01 July and 27 August 2024. This bi-monthly report summarizes displacement pathways, movement intentions, and humanitarian needs and access to services among IDPs in Sudan. 

DTM Sudan relies on a network of 492 enumerators and 7,217 key informants to collect data from 8,898 locations across all 18 states in Sudan.

Displacement Figures 

• DTM Sudan estimates that 10,834,382 individuals (2,186,855 households) are currently displaced in Sudan, as of 27 August 2024.
• An estimated 8,066,827 individuals were displaced since 15 April 2023. 
• An estimated 2,344,904 individuals crossed borders into neighbouring countries since 15 April 2023. 
• 28% of IDPs who were initially displaced prior to the onset of conflict on 15 April 2023 were displaced again after 15 April 2023. 
• 52% of IDPs were children under the age of 18-years-old. 

Highlights

• Over 20 per cent of the population in Sudan was displaced since 15 April 2023.
• An estimated 90 per cent of IDP households could reportedly not afford food.
• Nearly all IDPs (97%) were in localities with high levels of acute food insecurity or worse (IPC level 3+).
• An estimated 172,520 individuals were displaced due to floods between July and August 2024. Approximately 41 per cent were already displaced due to conflict prior to the onset of floods.
• IDPs were displaced from all 18 states in Sudan: over a third (34%) were displaced from Khartoum state.
• Sudan represents the largest displacement crisis in the world: Sudan hosts approximately 14 per cent of all IDPs worldwide, and approximately 1 in 7 IDPs is Sudanese.

DTM Europe gathers, validates and disseminates information on migrants and refugees travelling through the Mediterranean, Western African Atlantic, and Western Balkan routes to Europe. Key routes include:

• Eastern Mediterranean route (EMR): Bulgaria, Cyprus and Greece
• Central Mediterranean route (CMR): Italy and Malta
• Western Mediterranean route (WMR): Peninsular Coasts of Spain, Balearic Islands, Ceuta and Melilla
• Western African Atlantic route (WAAR): Canary Islands of Spain

DTM also monitors data on migrants in transit through the Western Balkans (WB) region (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, Romania, and Kosovo*). These are considered separately to prevent to the extent possible the double counting of the same persons that cross multiple borders to reach Europe.

This report presents the latest available data and trends, focusing on 2023:

• Mixed Migration Flows to Europe
• Migrant Flows Monitoring in the Republic of Türkiye
• First Arrival countries (Italy, Greece, Spain) and other countries of first arrival (Bulgaria, Cyprus and Malta)
• Transits through the Western Balkan region
• Migrants' presence, in Europe and the Republic of Türkiye

This latest round of Emergency Trends Tracking was initiated in April 2024 to monitor displacements movements during the Gu rainy season. Districts covered in this round include Afgooye, Afmadow, Baardheere, Baidoa, Balcad, Belet Weyne, Belet Xaawo, Cabudwaaq, Dayniile, Dhuusamarreeb, Doolow, Gaalkacyo, Garoowe, Hodan, Jamaame, Jowhar, Kahda, Kismaayo, and Luuq. ETT is a crisis-based tool that tracks sudden displacement triggered by specific events or emerging crises.

The objective of ETT is to help prioritize humanitarian response and to enable partners to deliver rapid assistance. Based on previous shock induced displacement patterns, the humanitarian community expects that people will continue to move toward urban areas in search of humanitarian services. Consequently, the ETT coverage focuses on the main urban centers and surrounding villages for each assessed district. The data is collected through Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) at the location level, from Sunday to Wednesday every week. It includes information on new arrivals, numbers and demographic of IDPs, reasons for displacement, intentions, humanitarian assistance and priority needs among others.

To facilitate the joint analysis of the CCCM (Camp Coordination and Camp Management) Cluster’s New Arrivals Tracker (NAT) and ETT data, the assistance and needs indicators are identical in both tools.

IOM Yemen DTM’s Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects data on estimated numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis from their locations of origin or displacement, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of estimated numbers, geography, and needs. It also tracks returnees who returned to their location of origin.

From 1 January to 7 September 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 2,361 households (HH) (14,166 Individuals) who experienced displacement at least once.

Between 1 and 7 September 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 26 households (156 individuals) displaced at least once. The majority of people moved into/within the following governorates and districts:

• Ma’rib (24 HHs) – Ma’rib (13 HHs), Ma’rib City (6 HHs), Harib (5 HHs) districts. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Al Hodeidah and Ma’rib.
• Al Hodeidah (1 HH) – Hays (1 HH) district. All displacements in the governorate were internal.
• Ta’iz (1 HH) – Salah (1 HH) district. All displacements in the governorate were internal.

The majority of people moved from the following governorates and districts:

• Al Hodeidah (9 HHs) – Bajil (3 HHs), Az Zaydiah (2 HHs), Al Hali (2 HHs) districts.
• Ma’rib (3 HHs) – Harib (3 HHs) district.
• Ibb (3 HHs) – As Sabrah (1 HH), Hazm Al Odayn (1 HH), Al Makhadir (1 HH) districts.

IOM identified 2 additional households displaced in the previous reporting period, which covered 25 - 31 August 2024, in the governorate of Al Hodeidah (16 HHs). These figures have been added to the cumulative displacement total recorded since the beginning of the year.

According to the latest figures from the Turkish Presidency of Migration Management (PMM), there are more than 4.4 million foreigners in Türkiye, of whom 3.3 million are seeking international protection. Most of them are Syrians (3,096,1571) who have been granted temporary protection status. Another group of foreigners are international protection holders mainly from Iraq, Afghanistan, the Islamic Republic of Iran and Ukraine. In  2023, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), there were 258,4162 refugees and asylum-seekers in Türkiye.
In addition, 1,098,1743 foreigners with residence permits were in Türkiye as of August 2024, which is 128,8084 people less than in August 2023.

As of the end of August 2024, 137,430 individuals (31,025 households) are biometrically registered as active resident in the site, representing two per cent increase in registered individuals since January 2024 following the latest biometric registration maintenance in Bentiu IDP Camp.

In July 2024, 40,118 migratory movements were observed at flow monitoring points (PSF) in Djibouti, including 19,310 incoming from Ethiopia. These incoming movements increased by 8 per cent compared to June, mainly due to conflicts in the Amhara and Tigray regions, which prompted many Ethiopians to use migration routes to Djibouti.

As of July 31, IOM recorded 911 migrants stranded in Djibouti, an increase of 10 per cent compared to June. The stranded migrants are mainly migrants of Oromo origin arriving from Ethiopia. A total of 1,000 migrants returning from Yemen were recorded in Obock and Tadjourah in July, an increase of 56 per cent compared to June 2024 due to increased controls in Yemen.

An estimated 910,000 people have crossed into Chad since the onset of the crisis in Sudan, of which 213,339 are Chadian returnees as of
end of July 2023. IOM expects this number to rise to 240,000 through to December 2024. This is due to ongoing conflict and food insecurity in Darfur, owing to the current suspension of the humanitarian corridor between Chad and Darfur.