Este reporte brinda información sobre el volumen de las poblaciones que transitan durante las horas de observación en tres puntos fronterizos del Perú (Tumbes, Tacna y Desaguadero). A través de esta herramienta se recopila información una vez a la semana y estima el volumen de los flujos observados.

La province du Nord-Kivu, est confrontée à un conflit persistant caractérisé par la présence de divers acteurs armés tels que le groupe Mouvement du 23 mars (M23/AFC) les Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) et leurs allies. La persistance de ce conflit, l'expansion de la zone d'influence du groupe M23 et l'activité d'autres groupes armés dans et autour de la ville de Goma (capitale de la province du Nord-Kivu) ont accru les défis sécuritaires et humanitaires.

Les efforts conjoints des acteurs régionaux et internationaux pour trouver une solution pacifique au conflit et faciliter le dialogue entre la RDC et le Rwanda ont abouti à la signature d'un accord de cessez-le-feu le 30 juillet 2024. Malgré ces efforts et le cessez-le-feu qui en a résulté, la période du 15 août au 30 septembre 2024 a été marquée par des affrontements impliquant le groupe M23, les forces liées au gouvernement congolais et d'autres groupes armés dans l'ensemble des territoires de Masisi, Rutshuru et Nyiragongo.

Les deux parties se sont fréquemment accusées mutuellement de violations du cessez-le-feu, ce qui a provoqué de nouveaux déplacements, des déplacements secondaires et de nouveaux déplacements de populations déjà rentrées chez elles. La situation est aggravée par les oppositions entre les différents groupes armés qui luttent pour le contrôle des localités face à l'expansion du M23.

Les déplacements prolongés et l'accès limité à l’assistance humanitaire continuent d'exacerber la complexité de la crise et la situation des populations déplacées et retournées. Goma et les zones adjacentes du Nord et du Sud-Kivu accueillent un grand nombre de personnes déplacées et manquent de ressources pour leur apporter un soutien suffisant.

Depuis le début de la crise, l'OIM, par le biais de la Matrice de Suivi des Déplacements (DTM), a continué à mener des évaluations rapides dans les territoires touchés, y compris le suivi des situations d'urgence (EET/ERM) et des analyses de crise, et enregistrer les nouveaux arrivants, dans le but de répondre aux besoins d'information immédiats concernant la dynamique des déplacements et les besoins humanitaires afférents.

Ce rapport présente les résultats des évaluations menées dans les zones de déplacement et de retour, entre le 30 juillet et le 9 octobre 2024, liées à la crise M23.

The province of North Kivu faces ongoing conflict characterised by the presence of various armed actors, notably the Mouvement du 23 mars (M23), the Congo River Alliance (AFC), the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC) and the regional forces of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The persistence of this conflict, the expansion of the M23’s area of influence, and the activity of other armed groups in and around the city of Goma (the capital of North Kivu province), have increased security and humanitarian challenges.

Joint efforts by regional and international players to find a peaceful resolution to the conflict and facilitate a dialogue between the DRC and Rwanda led to the signing of a ceasefire agreement on 30 July 2024. In spite of these efforts, and resulting ceasefire, the period from 15 August to 30 September 2024 was marked by attacks and clashes involving M23, government forces, and other armed groups throughout Masisi, Rutshuru and Nyiragongo territories. There have been frequent accusations by both sides accusing the other of ceasefire violations, which have provoked new displacement, secondary displacement, and the displacement of previously returned populations. The situation is aggravated by rivalries between the various armed groups fighting for control of localities against M23 expansion.

Prolonged displacement and limited access to humanitarian aid continue to exacerbate the complexity of the crisis and the situations of both displaced and returnee populations. Goma and the adjacent cities to both North and South Kivu are hosting large numbers of displaced people and lack the resources to provide them with sufficient support.

Since the beginning of the crisis, IOM, via the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), has continued to conduct rapid assessments in affected territories, including emergency monitoring (EET/ERM), crisis analysis, and registration, with the purpose of addressing immediate information needs surrounding displacement dynamics and humanitarian aid.

This report presents the results of the assessments carried out in the areas of displacement and return, between 30 July and 9 October 2024, linked to the ongoing M23 crisis.

Environ 910 000 personnes sont estimées avoir traversé la frontière vers le Tchad depuis le début de la crise au Soudan, incluant 222 743 parmi eux qui sont des retournés tchadiens depuis fin septembre. L’OIM s’attend à ce que ce nombre passe à 240 000 d’ici fin décembre 2024, en raison de la reprise du conflit au Darfour.

An estimated 910,000 people have crossed into Chad since the onset of the crisis in Sudan, of which 222,743 are Chadian returnees as of end of September 2024. IOM expects this number to rise to 240,000 through to December 2024. This is due to ongoing conflict and food insecurity in Darfur, owing to the current suspension of the humanitarian corridor between Chad and Darfur.

Cantones: Alajuela, Cartago, Corredores, Desamparados, Escazú, Heredia, Los Chiles, San Carlos, San José, Santa Ana y Tibás.

Costa Rica, al igual que otros países de Centroamérica, sigue siendo un corredor migratorio clave para el flujo de personas en movilidad a través de las Américas. Este flujo está compuesto principalmente por personas de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, así como de otros países de Sudamérica, África y Asia. Según estimaciones de la OIM Costa Rica, aproximadamente 25,964 personas ingresaron al país en septiembre de 2024, con un promedio diario de 865 personas. Esto representa un aumento significativo del 57% en comparación con agosto de 2024. Aunque el número total de personas en tránsito por Costa Rica ha aumentado, los datos reflejan una diferencia notable en las condiciones de aquellos varados en espacios públicos en comparación con los que se encuentran en albergues. En septiembre de 2024, los migrantes varados en espacios públicos aumentaron un 28% (de 870 en agosto a 1.115 en septiembre), mientras que las personas en albergues experimentaron un aumento del 37% (de 260 en agosto a 357 en septiembre). Aunque los albergues aún tienen capacidad para acoger a más personas, muchos migrantes prefieren continuar su viaje hacia el norte y permanecer en espacios públicos. Este cambio resalta la compleja dinámica de la migración.

Cantons: Alajuela, Cartago, Corredores, Desamparados, Escazú, Heredia, Los Chiles, San Carlos, San José, Santa Ana, and Tibás.

Costa Rica, like other Central American countries, continues to be a key migratory corridor for the flow of people on the move across the Americas. This flow mainly consists of individuals from the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, as well as other countries in South America, Africa, and Asia. According to estimates by IOM Costa Rica, approximately 25,964 people entered the country in September 2024, with an average of 865 people per day. This represents a significant 57% increase compared to August 2024. Although the total number of people transiting through Costa Rica has increased, the data reflect a notable difference in the conditions of those stranded in public sites versus those in shelters. In September 2024, migrants stranded in public spaces increased by 28% (from 870 in August to 1,115 in September), while people in shelters experienced a 37% increase (from 260 in August to 357 in September). Shelters still have the capacity to accommodate more people, but many migrants prefer to continue their journey northward and remain in public spaces. This shift highlights the complex dynamics of migration.

Cantones: La Cruz, Upala y Los Chiles

Los movimientos migratorios de personas nicaragüenses hacia Costa Rica son una tendencia constante en     América Central, intensificándose por factores políticos, económicos y sociales.

Entre enero y septiembre del 2024, se registraron 414.123 movimientos regulares de personas de nacionalidad nicaragüense (52 % ingresos, 48 % egresos). En el mismo periodo durante el 2023 se registraron 380.315 movimientos regulares (53 % ingresos y 47 % egresos). Esto representó un aumento del nueve por ciento en el 2024 con respecto al 2023. Por otro lado, por puntos fronterizos no oficiales, se han registrado 68.320 movimientos migratorios desde el 15 de mayo del 2024 hasta el 30 de septiembre, siendo el 52 por ciento egresos y el 48 por ciento ingresos. Además, se encuestaron a 379 personas nicaragüenses (191 en puestos fronterizos oficiales y 188 en cruces fronterizos no oficiales) y 291 acompañantes (126 por puestos fronterizos oficiales y 165 por cruces fronterizos no oficiales).

Entender la dinámica fronteriza de quienes la transitan es fundamental en la comprensión de las necesidades de población migrante y la formulación de propuestas para su atención. Ante estos desafíos, es esencial disponer de información actualizada sobre el perfil sociodemográfico, motivos de migración, necesidades y la dinámica de los movimientos migratorios de persona nicaragüenses en la frontera norte de Costa

Cantons: La Cruz, Upala and Los Chiles

The migratory movements of Nicaraguan people to Costa Rica are a constant trend in Central America, intensified by political, economic, and social factors.

Between January and September 2024, there were 414,123 regular movements of people of Nicaraguan nationality (52% entries, 48% exits). In the same period in 2023, 380,315 regular movements were recorded (53% entries and 47% exits), representing a nine percent increase in 2024 compared to 2023. On the other hand, through unofficial border points, 68,320 migration movements were recorded from May 15, 2024, to September 30, with 52% being exits and 48% entries.

Additionally, 379 Nicaraguan individuals were surveyed (191 at official border points and 188 at unofficial border crossings), along with 291 companions (126 at official border points and 165 at unofficial border crossings).

Understanding the border dynamics of those who transit it is essential in comprehending the needs of the migrant population and formulating proposals for their assistance. In the face of these challenges, it is essential to have updated information on the sociodemographic profile, reasons for migration, needs, and the dynamics of the migratory movements of Nicaraguan people on the northern border of Costa Rica.

This latest round of Emergency Trends Tracking was initiated in April 2024 to monitor displacements movements during the Gu rainy season. From April to September 2024, DTM teams collected data in up to 22 districts: Afgooye, Afmadow, Baardheere, Baidoa, Balcad, Belet Weyne, Belet Xaawo, Cabudwaaq, Dayniile, Dhuusamarreeb, Doolow, Gaalkacyo, Garoowe, Hodan, Jamaame, Jowhar, Kahda, Kismaayo, Luuq, Waajid, Xudur and Hobyo. During week 28, data collection occurred in only 4 districts: Huddur, Wajid, Galckayo and Hobyo districts.

The objective of ETT is to help prioritize humanitarian response and to enable partners to deliver rapid assistance. Based on previous shock induced displacement patterns, the humanitarian community expects that people will continue to move toward urban areas in search of humanitarian services. Consequently, the ETT coverage focuses on the main urban centers and surrounding villages for each assessed district. The data is collected through Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) at the location level, from Sunday to Wednesday every week. It includes information on new arrivals, numbers and demographic of IDPs, reasons for displacement, intentions, humanitarian assistance and priority needs among others.

To facilitate the joint analysis of the CCCM (Camp Coordination and Camp Management) Cluster’s New Arrivals Tracker (NAT) and ETT data, the assistance and needs indicators are identical in both tools.