The Central African Republic (CAR), which has experienced continuous volatility for the past two decades, has been riddled by a crisis which ignited in 2012 with a violent takeover of power and has developed into a complex protracted state of permanent insecurity and fragility which has spilled over into neighbouring countries. The crisis is characterized by power struggles amongst elites, the absence of state institutions and public investment, religious and ethnic tensions and disputes for the control of key resources. Moreover, the crisis in Sudan, which started in April 2023, is affecting the eastern part of the CAR witnessing arrivals of displaced populations.

As of May 2024, 4,029,176 individuals were affected, including 518,075 internally displaced persons (13% of the displaced population), 2,196,858 returnees former IDPs (54%), 528,521 returnees from abroad (13%) and 785,722 refugees (20%). In the CAR, the largest displaced population consists of former IDP returnees. Refugees from the CAR are primarily hosted by Cameroon (351,905 individuals, or 47% of the refugees), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (211,457 individuals, or 28% of the refugees) and Chad (134,485 individuals, or 18% of the refugees). Nonetheless, 15,150 refugees from the Central African Republic are still living in Sudan (2% of the refugees). Since the beginning of the Sudan crisis, a total of 41,795 individuals have entered the CAR. Indeed, the country is home for refugees from neighbouring countries, hosting a total of 36,251 refugees coming from Sudan (25,490 individuals), the DRC (6,447 individuals), South Soudan (2,813 individuals) and Chad (1,501 individuals).

The Central Sahel area, and in particular the Liptako Gourma region, which borders Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, is affected by a complex crisis involving growing competition over dwindling resources; climatic variability; demographic pressure; high levels of poverty; disaffection and a lack of livelihood opportunities; communal tensions; the absence of state institutions and basic services; and violence related to organized crime and non-state armed groups. The crisis has triggered significant displacement of populations in the concerned countries and is affecting neighbouring countries such as Mauritania and the coastal countries.

As of May 2024, 3,135,243 individuals have been displaced, including 2,636,880 internally displaced persons (84% of the displaced population) and 498,363 refugees (16% of the displaced population). Sixty-seven per cent of the displaced populations (2,100,990 individuals) were located in Burkina Faso, while 14 per cent resided in Mali (445,454 individuals), 11 per cent in Niger (352,732 individuals) and 4 per cent in Mauritania (119,354 individuals). The crisis’ recent spill over to coastal countries, namely Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo and Benin, shows growing number of refugees coming from the Central Sahel and populations internally displaced. As of May, 116,713 individuals were affected by displacement within the four countries (18,897 in Benin, 49,723 in Côte d’Ivoire, 7,119 in Ghana and 40,974 in Togo) of which 30,372 were internally displaced.

The crisis currently affecting the Lake Chad Basin states results from a complex combination of factors, including conflict with non-state armed groups, extreme poverty, underdevelopment and a changing climate, which together have triggered significant displacement of populations.

As of May 2024, Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria were hosting an estimated 6,089,741 affected individuals made up of internally displaced persons (IDPs), returnees (former IDPs and returnees from abroad) and refugees (both in- and out-of-camp). Thirteen per cent of the affected population (776,082  individuals) were located in Cameroon, while 5 per cent resided in Chad (296,654 individuals), 9 per cent in Niger (559,649 individuals) and finally, 74 per cent in Nigeria (4,457,356 individuals). Overall, the numbers show increases in IDPs (+1%) and returnees from abroad (+5%), and a decrease in refugees (-2%) since December 2023. ​

IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) collected data through Surveys with Refugees in the Ukraine Response region from January to March 2024. This report focuses on the economic integration of the Ukrainian nationals residing in Romania since the start of the war in February 2022. The survey reported on the situation of 436 interviewed Ukrainian nationals, with a focus on the respondents of working age (18-64 years old).

Key findings:

• 60% of respondents were active in the labour market, while 35% were inactive and 5% were unknown
• Within the active population, 65% were employed and 35% were unemployed and looking for a job
• Most respondents utilised their personal network to find employment (43%). Others utilised: recruitment agencies (19%), social media (14%), job portals (11%).
• 43% of respondents had neutral feelings towards their job satisfaction
• Majority of respondents identified no problems at work (51%). For those who did, the main problems included: being underpaid (4%), having no contract (4%), working long hours (4%), and no breaks (3%).
• Top 3 sources for paying expenses included: family support (46%), income (41%), and savings (35%).

IOMi sundrände jälgimise maatriks on regulaarselt küsitlenud inimesi, kes elavad 11 riigis, mida hõlmab Ukraina piirkondliku pagulasküsimuse tegevuskava. Küsitluse eesmärk on parandada arusaamist nende profiilidest, sundrändemustritest, kavatsustest ja vajadustest. Küsitlust tehakse kuues Ukraina naaberriigis –Valgevenes, Ungaris, Poolas, Moldova Vabariigis, Rumeenias ja Slovakkias –ning viies teises Euroopa riigis, mida Ukrainast pärit pagulaste saabumine alates sõja algusest 2022. aasta veebruaris iseäranis mõjutab, sealhulgas Bulgaarias, Tšehhis, Eestis, Lätis ja Leedus.

Käesolevas aruandes esitatud analüüs põhineb 2023. aasta märtsist detsembrini kogutud iga-aastastel andmetel.

Ushbu hisobot 2023-yil oktabr-dekabr oylari uchun mavjud ochiq maʼlumotlarga asoslanib, O‘zbekistondagi migratsiya muammolariga oid so‘nggi jarayonlar bo‘yicha maʼlumotlarni taqdim etadi hamda jamoatchilikka ochiq bo‘lgan milliy va xalqaro maʼlumotlar to‘plami asosida butun o‘tgan yil uchun migratsiya jarayonlariga oid asosiy xulosalarni keltiradi. Hisobot mamlakatdagi migratsiya vaziyatiga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatgan so‘nggi yirik global va mintaqaviy voqealarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Rossiyaning Ukrainaga bosqini davom etishi hamda buning natijasida an’anaviy migratsiya yo‘laklari, mehnat migratsiyasi oqimining o‘zgarishi, iqlim o‘zgarishi va migratsiya xavotirlarining kuchayishi, o‘sib borayotgan urbanizatsiya jarayoni, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy sharoitlar, tartibsiz migratsiya jarayonlarining kuchayishi va boshqa muhim voqealar mamlakatdagi ushbu davrda insonlar mobilligi va migratsiya harakatining asosiy omili sifatida tavsiflangan. Shuningdek, hisobot ushbu davrda O‘zbekistonda IOM tomonidan taqdim etilgan migratsiya ma’lumotlari bo‘yicha malaka oshirish sessiyalari haqida to‘xtalib, mazkur yo‘nalishdagi sa’yi-harakatlarni yoritadi.

Following the release of the first edition of PROGRESS 2023 report, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) has compiled a series of National Displacement Profiles based on end of year 2023 figures. These profiles offer insights into the latest end-of-year 2023 figures, aligning with the objectives outlined by the Data for Solutions to Internal Displacement Taskforce (DSID).

The profile provides a comprehensive overview of the demographic breakdowns and geographical distribution of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Afghanistan as of the end of 2023. It delves into the primary areas of origin and displacement for IDPs, shedding light on the factors influencing their decision-making processes regarding the selection of solutions locations. Additionally, the report discusses the obstacles encountered by IDPs in their pursuit of durable solutions.

This compilation underscores the critical role of data in addressing internal displacement challenges and highlights the ongoing efforts to leverage data-driven solutions through collaborative initiatives like DSID.

IOM Afghanistan's DTM Flow Monitoring activity, initiated at the beginning of 2024, seeks to quantify and better understand the mobility dynamics at Afghanistan’s borders. On 10 January 2024, DTM began deploying field teams at four border crossing points with the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRN) and Pakistan (PAK), expanding to another border crossing point Ghulam Khan as of 11 February (see map below for the locations of all five crossing points), to conduct two interlinked exercises. The first is a headcount of all individuals entering or leaving Afghanistan (including returnees), also called Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), to gauge flow volume. The second is a survey of randomly selected Afghan national individuals or groups entering or leaving Afghanistan, also called the Flow Monitoring Survey (FMS), to understand the profiles, motivations, and vulnerabilities of the target population. The inflow from Pakistan increased over the monitoring period. This may be related to media reports and speculation about a potential resumption of the repatriation process, targeting primarily Afghan Citizen Card (ACC) holders, starting from April 15, 2024. However, according to the Pakistani Ministry of Foreign Affairs as of April 26, the repatriation process has not yet begun. Additionally, the Government of Pakistan recently extended the validity of 1.3 million PoR cards for Afghan refugees in Pakistan up to June 30, with their repatriation planned for after the repatriation of ACC holders (Voice of America News). This snapshot provides key findings combining various IOM data sources, including DTM Afghanistan’s FMC and FMS activities, DTM Pakistan’s Flow Monitoring of Afghan returnees, and IOM Afghanistan’s Cross-Border Post-Arrival Humanitarian Assistance (CB-PAHA) program, for the period 19 to 25 May 2024. For more information about methodology, see the section in the last page of this report titled “IOM INFLOW DATA.” 

This report presents the data for the month of April 2024, collected through direct interviews and direct observation by DTM enumerators and triangulated via a network of key informants. It highlights the number of herders and their herds identified at 14 counting points in 7 Local Government Areas (LGAs) across Kaduna and Katsina States. Notably, this enumeration included areas within the Kachia, Kaura and Kaita Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kaduna and Katsina states, under the auspices of the Peacebuilding Fund. Additionally, it extended to Batsari, Jibia, Kankara, and Dan Musa LGAs of Katsina state, which were supported by the European Union Fund.
Faskari LGA did not experience any movement during this period.

In April 2024, Transhumance Flow Monitoring tool identified 506 herders in Kaduna State and 239 herders in Katsina State. The animal count was estimated at 22,153 for Kaduna State and 4,966 for Katsina State. Notably, 94 per cent of the total number of herders departed from states within Nigeria, while the remaining 6 per cent departed from Niger.