Over the reporting period, a total of 12,422 movements were observed at five Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs). These locations were chosen strategically as major transit points for monitoring movements in and out of Nakivale settlement from the border between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo through Nyakabande Transit Center.

In the reporting period (20 May, 2024 - 19 April, 2024) the majority of movement from Nakivale settlement were incoming flows (52%) against outgoing flows (48%). Forty-four per cent of the observed movements were refugees at the five FMPs. The means of transport mostly used were by foot (39%), motor bike & bike (32%), taxi or car (15%), truck (8%), bus (3%) and others (2%). The majority of the flows were due to economic reasons (26%), family reasons (15%) and return (15%). Most of the movements were observed at the Nakivale check point FMP (44%) followed by Busanza (19%), Bunagana (19%), Rugaaga (11%) and Nyakabande transit centre (7%). Among migration flows, the most vulnerable groups were children under five (6%), pregnant and/lactating mother (6%) and the elderly (<1%).
 

En avril 2024, 35 512 mouvements migratoires ont été observés aux points de suivi des flux (FMP) à Djibouti dont 19 937 individus entrants en provenance d’Éthiopie. Les individus entrants en provenance d’Éthiopie ont augmenté de 8 pour cent en avril par rapport à mars, principalement due aux conflits et violences politiques dans la région d’Amhara et Tigray, conduisant beaucoup d’Éthiopiens à emprunter les routes migratoires vers Djibouti.
Un total de 631 migrants de retours du Yémen a été enregistré en avril à Obock et Tadjourah soit une baisse de 46 pour cent passant de 1177 en mars à 631 en avril. Celà est lié à la réduction des activités des passeurs.

In April 2024, 35,512 migratory movements were observed at Djibouti's Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs), including 19,937 incoming individuals from Ethiopia. Inbound individuals from Ethiopia increased by 8 per cent in April compared to March, mainly due to the conflicts and political violence in the Amhara and Tigray region, leading many Ethiopians to take the migration routes to Djibouti.
A total of 631 return migrants from Yemen were recorded in April in Obock and Tadjourah, down 46 per cent from 1,177 in March. This is linked to the reduction in the activities of smugglers.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Pakistan collects data on the outflows of Afghans at the Torkham (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Badini, Bahramcha and Chaman (Balochistan) border crossing points (BCPs) to better understand the movements of Afghans returning to Afghanistan. The data presented below is harmonised with those from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), who also cover Ghulam Khan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa).

On 26 September 2023, the Ministry of Interior in Pakistan announced its decision to enact its “Illegal Foreigners’ Repatriation Plan (IFRP)”. Between 1 and 15 May 2024, 16,348 Afghan nationals returned to Afghanistan, including 10,043 through the Torkham BCP, 5,909 through the Chaman BCP, 396 through the Ghulam Khan BCP, while no Afghan nationals returned through the Badini and Bahramcha BCPs. In addition, border authorities deported 725 individuals due to a lack of valid documentation. Since 1 January 2024, IOM identified 96,697 returns at the four BCPs.

IOM Afghanistan's DTM Flow Monitoring activity, initiated at the beginning of 2024, seeks to quantify and better understand the mobility dynamics at Afghanistan’s borders. On 10 January 2024, DTM began deploying field teams at four border crossing points with the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRN) and Pakistan (PAK), expanding to another border crossing point Ghulam Khan as of 11 February (see map below for the locations of all five crossing points), to conduct two interlinked exercises. The first is a headcount of all individuals entering or leaving Afghanistan (including returnees), also called Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), to gauge flow volume. The second is a survey of randomly selected Afghan national individuals or groups entering or leaving Afghanistan, also called the Flow Monitoring Survey (FMS), to understand the profiles, motivations, and vulnerabilities of the target population. The inflow from Pakistan increased over the monitoring period. This may be related to media reports and speculation about a potential resumption of the repatriation process, targeting primarily Afghan Citizen Card (ACC) holders, starting from April 15, 2024. However, according to the Pakistani Ministry of Foreign Affairs as of April 26, the repatriation process has not yet begun. Additionally, the Government of Pakistan recently extended the validity of 1.3 million PoR cards for Afghan refugees in Pakistan up to June 30, with their repatriation planned for after the repatriation of ACC holders (Voice of America News). This snapshot provides key findings combining various IOM data sources, including DTM Afghanistan’s FMC and FMS activities, DTM Pakistan’s Flow Monitoring of Afghan returnees, and IOM Afghanistan’s Cross-Border Post-Arrival Humanitarian Assistance (CB-PAHA) program, for the period 12 to 18 May 2024. For more information about methodology, see the section in the last page of this report titled “IOM INFLOW DATA.” 

On 9 March 2024, the IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), in collaboration with WFP and ACTED, conducted a rapid intention survey in Renk TC and its adjacent area to understand the population's return intentions, preferred destinations of return, as well as reasons for choosing to remain in the transit center.

Within the West and Central Africa (WCA) region, the Sahel stretches from Mauritania to Chad, separating the Sahara desert on the North, from tropical coastal countries to the South. Overall, within the African continent, it spans from the Atlantic Ocean on the West to the Red Sea on the East, separating the desert from the savanna. Migratory routes within the WCA region inevitably cross the Sahel and - throughout their journeys - migrants are facing multiple risks along these routes.

This report compiles information from different data and research activities held within the region in the objective to highlight the diverse dynamics, profiles and risks migrants are facing while travelling on the WCA routes through the Sahel. This dashboard covers the period between January and March 2024 and is based on information from (1) Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) data on mobility trends and population flows; (2) Missing Migrants Project (MMP) data on arrivals to Europe and the Canary Islands, migrant deaths and disappearances; (3) Data on migrants seeking Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR) to and within the WCA region; (4) Expulsions of migrants from other regions to WCA, especially from Algeria and Libya; (5) Transhumance Tracking Tool (TTT) data on the mobility of transhumant populations throughout the Sahel; and (6) Solutions and Mobility Index (SMI) indicators of stability within the Sahelian region.

Between 10 to 21 May 2024, attacks, and fear of attacks by Non-state Armed Groups in Macomia and Quissanga triggered the cumulative displacement of 4,521 individuals/ 1,351 families. The current Movement Alert #114 reports on most recent attacks in Northen Cabo Delgado. For more information on displacements between January and April, please see {Emergency Tracking Online Dashboard}.

A collection of all DTM Nigeria information products in 2023.