Flow Monitoring

DTM Europe gathers, validates and disseminates information on migrants and refugees travelling through the Mediterranean, Western African Atlantic, and Western Balkan routes to Europe. Key routes include:

• Eastern Mediterranean route (EMR): Bulgaria, Cyprus and Greece
• Central Mediterranean route (CMR): Italy and Malta
• Western Mediterranean route (WMR): Peninsular Coasts of Spain, Balearic Islands, Ceuta and Melilla
• Western African Atlantic route (WAAR): Canary Islands of Spain

DTM also monitors data on migrants in transit through the Western Balkans (WB) region (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, Romania, and Kosovo*). These are considered separately to prevent to the extent possible the double counting of the same persons that cross multiple borders to reach Europe.

This report presents the latest available data and trends, focusing on 2023:

• Mixed Migration Flows to Europe
• Migrant Flows Monitoring in the Republic of Türkiye
• First Arrival countries (Italy, Greece, Spain) and other countries of first arrival (Bulgaria, Cyprus and Malta)
• Transits through the Western Balkan region
• Migrants' presence, in Europe and the Republic of Türkiye

The IOM Afghanistan’s DTM Flow Monitoring activity is designed to provide insights into the mobility patterns at Afghanistan’s border points with the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. The activity involves two interlinked exercises: the Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), a headcount of individuals crossing the border, and the Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS), which collect data on the profiles and intentions of randomly selected Afghan nationals. DTM FM is operational at four main crossing points (connected to Afghanistan’s National Highway) as well as five other crossing points with Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This weekly snapshot combines information from the FM activity and various IOM sources related to cross-border movement. For a detailed explanation of the methodology used in gathering this data, the report directs readers to the section titled “IOM INFLOW DATA” on the last page.
 

This study explores the influence of climate change and environmental degradation on international migration patterns from Iraq. In particular, the assessment identifies climate-affected subdistricts of origin for potential emigrants and analyses key migration trends among this group, such as demographic characteristics, reasons for leaving, intended destination and travel arrangements. In doing so, the report highlights priority geographic areas for further assessment and climate-related programming. The potential interaction between climate change and other drivers of migration is also considered. Moreover, the analysis sheds light on the profile and intention of those in movement. Furthermore, mediating factors, such as financial means and social networks, are examined to understand how aspiring migrants are able to undertake these journeys. Lastly, risk factors for exploitation and abuse are highlighted to inform relevant programming such as protection services, awareness raising campaigns and broader policy reform.

This report provides insights into the profiles, experiences and journeys of migrants transiting through the Republic of Serbia. Data was collected from 1 to 31 May 2024 together with the Commissariat for Refugees and Migration of the Republic of Serbia (SCRM). The sample consists of 347 interviewed migrants in Asylum Centres (AC) Sjenica, (AC) Tutin, (AC) Krnjaca, and Reception Centres (RC) Bujanovac, (RC) Presevo, (RC) Pirot across the country.

The assessment of community coping mechanisms conducted during the El Niño period of 2023 sought to evaluate the strategies employed by communities impacted by flooding along River Juba and Shabelle. The study specifically aimed to evaluate the coping strategies utilized by communities in the flood-prone districts of Baardheere, Balcad, Beledweyne, Bulo Burto, Doolow, and Jowhar districts during previous flood events and the El Niño of 2023. The analysis examined how these communities leveraged various economic, physical, structural, social, and institutional factors to cope with and adapt to the impacts of recurrent natural disasters like floods as part of a broader effort to enhance the understanding of disaster mitigation measures within Somalia’s Disaster Preparedness and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) framework. The findings underscored the urgent need for targeted interventions to bolster disaster resilience and strengthen community coping strategies amidst the challenges posed by the recurring flood cycles in Somalia.

The primary objective of this assessment was to evaluate the existence and effectiveness of early warning systems for enhanced disaster risk monitoring and reduction across 6 flood-prone districts in Somalia; Balcad, Baardheere, Beledweyne, Bulo Burto, Doolow and Jowhar. The assessment examined the status of the early warning systems, focusing on key components such as risk knowledge, monitoring and early warning, dissemination and communication, and response capabilities during the El Niño 2023 floods. By providing valuable insights into the current state of early warning capabilities within the evaluated districts, the assessment highlighted the critical gaps and areas requiring strengthening. This is crucial to ensure that communities are better prepared and able to respond effectively to the escalating climate-driven hazards, such as floods which have been exacerbated by the ongoing climate crisis in Somalia.

According to the latest figures from the Turkish Presidency of Migration Management (PMM), there are more than 4.5 million foreigners in Türkiye, of whom 3.4 million are seeking international protection. Most of them are Syrians (3,115,844) who have been granted temporary protection status. Another group of foreigners are international protection holders mainly from Iraq, Afghanistan, the Islamic Republic of Iran and Ukraine.

In 2023, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), there were 296,685 refugees and asylum seekers in Türkiye. In addition, 1,119,919 foreigners with residence permits were in Türkiye as of April 2024, which is 187,928 people less than in April 2023.

د افغانستان آي اُو اِم د (ډي تي اِم) پروګرام د خلکو د تګ راتګ د جریان څارنې فعالیت د لپاره ډیزاین شوي ترڅو د ایران اسلامی جمهوریت او پاکستان سره په سرحدی پولو کې په سرحدونو کې د خوځښت او تګ راتګ په اړه ښه پوه شي. په دی فعالیت کې به دوه یو له بل سره تړلي یا اړوند فعالیتونه ترسره کیږي. لومړی د ټولو هغو کسانو شمیرل دي چې افغانستان ته راځي او یا د افغانستان څخه بهر وځي، چې د جریان د څارنې د شمیر په نوم هم بلل کیږي، ترڅو افغانستان ته د تګ او راتګ شمیر معلوم کړي. دوهم د نمونې په ډول د ځینو کساو یا ډلو سروې ده چې افغانستان ته د راتللو یا وتلو په حال کې ترسره کیږي، چې د جریان د څارنې سروې په نوم هم یادیږي، ترڅو د تلونکو او راتلونکو خلکو د ځانګړتیاوو، هڅو په اړه پوه شي. ډي ټي اِم دا فعالیت په څلورو هغه سرحدي پولو کې چې د عمومي لارو سره وصل دي او همدارنګه دا فعالیت د ایران  اسلامی جمهوریت او پاکستان سره په دریو نورو سرحدي پولو کې هم ترسره کیږي. په دی اونیز راپور کې د آي اُو اِم د مختلفو سرچینو څخه معلومات راټول شوي. د معلوماتو د راټولولو د میتودولوژۍ او په دی اړه د ډیرو معلوماتو لپاره ددې راپور آخري پاڼې ته د (افغانستان ته د راتګ په اړه د آي اُو اِم معلومات) عنوان ته مراجعه وکړئ 

The IOM Afghanistan’s DTM Flow Monitoring activity is designed to provide insights into the mobility patterns at Afghanistan’s border points with the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. The activity involves two interlinked exercises: the Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), a headcount of individuals crossing the border, and the Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS), which collect data on the profiles and intentions of randomly selected Afghan nationals. DTM FM is operational at four main crossing points (connected to Afghanistan’s National Highway) as well as three other crossing points with Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This weekly snapshot combines information from the FM activity and various IOM sources related to cross-border movement. For a detailed explanation of the methodology used in gathering this data, the report directs readers to the section titled “IOM INFLOW DATA” on the last page.