Flow Monitoring

The findings of this study confirm that lacking travel documents is a contributing and exacerbating factor driving vulnerability among migrants in Libya. The data points to migrants’ experiences including whether they are able to obtain a work permit or a passport being strongly influenced by a range of factors including the conditions in the country of origin (e.g. ease of access to government-recognised ID), migration drivers (e.g. war and conflict hindering migrants’ ability to obtain the necessary travel documents), migration intentions (e.g. those who do not intend to stay in Libya are less likely to possess a travel documents) and means of transportation used to reach Libya (e.g. those having traveled by air are more likely to possess travel documents).

Overall, nine in ten migrants interviewed by DTM in November and December 2023 in Libya were without a work permit. Moreover, nearly two thirds of migrants did not possess a passport, a key precondition in obtaining a work permit.

IOM Afghanistan's DTM Flow Monitoring activity, initiated at the beginning of 2024, seeks to quantify and better understand the mobility dynamics at Afghanistan’s borders. On 10 January 2024, DTM began deploying field teams at four border crossing points with the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRN) and Pakistan (PAK), expanding to another border crossing point Ghulam Khan as of 11 February (see map below for the locations of all five crossing points), to conduct two interlinked exercises. The first is a headcount of all individuals entering or leaving Afghanistan (including returnees), also called Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), to gauge flow volume. The second is a survey of randomly selected Afghan national individuals or groups entering or leaving Afghanistan, also called the Flow Monitoring Survey (FMS), to understand the profiles, motivations, and vulnerabilities of the target population. The inflow from Pakistan increased over the monitoring period. This may be related to media reports and speculation about a potential resumption of the repatriation process, targeting primarily Afghan Citizen Card (ACC) holders, starting from April 15, 2024. However, according to the Pakistani Ministry of Foreign Affairs as of April 26, the repatriation process has not yet begun. Additionally, the Government of Pakistan recently extended the validity of 1.3 million PoR cards for Afghan refugees in Pakistan up to June 30, with their repatriation planned for after the repatriation of ACC holders (Voice of America News). This snapshot provides key findings combining various IOM data sources, including DTM Afghanistan’s FMC and FMS activities, DTM Pakistan’s Flow Monitoring of Afghan returnees, and IOM Afghanistan’s Cross-Border Post-Arrival Humanitarian Assistance (CB-PAHA) program, for the period 21 to 27 April 2024. For more information about methodology, see the section in the last page of this report titled “IOM INFLOW DATA.” 

En el mes de febrero de 2024 continuó con la extensión del Estado de Emergencia, en cinco regiones del Perú, todas ellas fronterizas con Ecuador y Colombia, entre ellas una de las fronteras de monitoreo, Tumbes, específicamente la provincia de Zarumilla, con una prórroga de 60 días, con la finalidad de combatir el crimen organizado y reforzar el control de las fronteras. En dicha región, la OIM firmó un acuerdo de cooperación con el gobierno regional de Tumbes, para brindar apoyo a la población migrante que reside en dicha región, principalmente en áreas de protección, integración, acceso a salud y educación. Por su parte, en las regiones de Tacna y Desaguadero continúa el control fronterizo, así como controles en terminales de buses, a través de la revisión de los documentos de identidad de las personas en tránsito.

In Haiti, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) collects data on forced displacement and migration flows, as well as information on the profiles and needs of mobile populations. In the framework of these activities, DTM produces a number of information products (including reports, dashboards, maps and datasets) compiling and analyzing the data gathered, in order to inform partners’ responses and strategies. A feedback survey on the use of DTM Haiti’s information products was conducted from 23 February to 17 March 2024, with the goal of improving these products. This dashboard summarizes the main results of the survey, which includes the input of 65 partners.

In 2023, DTM Haiti published 73 information products on its portal (dtm.iom.int/haiti). They were downloaded more than 55,000 times. 95% of partners indicated that they were familiar with DTM Haiti’s work, and of those, 97% used DTM Haiti information products for their work. 

Results of the survey show that the most widely read products were the dashboards on displacement situation (read at least once in 2023 by 92% of surveyed partners), the Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) dashboards (86%) and the report on profiles and multisectoral needs of populations affected by displacement (65%).

These 3 products were also mentioned by respondents as the most relevant to their work : dashboards on displacement situation (78%), ETT dashboards (75%) and the report on profiles and multi-sectoral needs of populations affected by displacement (52%). Respondents were reportedly most satisfied with the dashboards displacement situation (87% are satisfied with this product) and ETT dashboards (79%).

This infographic presents the key findings of Round 51 of the mobility tracking and flow monitoring components of the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) programme in Libya.

The number of migrants in Libya has been increasing since September 2023 and stands at its highest since DTM started operating in Libya. Previously, the number of migrants in Libya had declined as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its socioeconomic impact. Some factors that may explain the increase in the number of migrants includes a rise in the number of Sudanese nationals, particularly in Alkufra and other locations in eastern Libya because of the ongoing conflict in their country of origin. In parallel, DTM Libya also observed an increase in the number of nationals, particularly from Egypt and Sudan, in some municipalities in the east and southwest as a result of greater livelihood opportunities, including in the construction and agricultural sectors.

This Rapid Needs Assessment provides a snapshot of the situation of the Sudanese nationals who arrived in the municipality of Tobruk after the onset of conflict in Sudan in April 2023. DTM Libya conducted a brief assessment on 3 - 6 April 2024 to shed light on the situation of Sudanese nationals in the municipality of Tobruk who arrived after the onset of conflict in Sudan in April 2023. While most are coming directly from Sudan and arriving in Alkufra, a minority are traveling from Egypt and arriving in Tobruk.

La provincia de Darién se ubica en la frontera este de Panamá, y su territorio forma parte de las rutas migratorias más utilizadas por personas en situación de movilidad humana por las Américas para migrar desde el sur hacia el norte del continente. A su vez, esta ruta es altamente peligrosa por las características geográficas del Parque Nacional Darién y la presencia de crimen organizado. Las personas que la transitan se encuentran expuestas a varios riesgos como la trata de personas, tráfico ilícito, violencia basada en género, diversas formas de explotación y abuso. El uso de estas rutas inseguras para llegar a destinos temporales o finales plantea amenazas para la integridad, dignidad y la vida de las personas migrantes.

Actualmente, Panamá mantiene activa la Operación Flujo Controlado, la cual brinda asistencia humanitaria y traslada diariamente a cientos de personas migrantes a sus Estaciones Temporales de Recepción Migratoria (ETRM) en la provincia de Darién. Las personas ingresan por las comunidades de Bajo Chiquito y Canaán Membrillo, ubicadas en la comarca indígena Emberá Wounaan al interior de la provincia de Darién en Panamá y son trasladadas respectivamente a las diferentes ETRM.

Entre el 01 y el 31 de enero de 2024 se registraron 36.001 personas migrantes ingresando irregularmente por la provincia de Darién, suponiendo un flujo promedio de 1.161 migrantes ingresando diariamente. En diciembre de 2023, el número total de entradas fue de 24.626, lo que muestra un aumento del 46 por ciento comparado con el mes anterior

During the reporting period a total of 58,276 movements were recorded and 2,103 migrants were interviewed across 20 Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs) in Zimbabwe. The total movements recorded increased by 6% compared to the previous month. Sixty-seven per cent of movements observed were inflows, whilst 33% were outflows. The top three sending districts were Beitbridge (55%), Harare (11%) and Chiredzi (8%), whilst the top three receiving districts were Harare (28%), Beitbridge (15%) and Bulawayo (10%). Matabeleland South province recorded the highest number of outflows (57%) whilst Harare province recorded the highest number of inflows (28%). The South Africa-Zimbabwe corridor recorded the highest movement of 52,976 (91%) followed by the Zambia-Zimbabwe corridor which recorded 5,300 (9%) movements. Fifty-six per cent of movements along the South Africa-Zimbabwe corridor were short-term movements, 21% were family reunification movements whilst 19% were long-term economic movements. Of the migrants travelling from South Africa, 19% travelled to Harare, 19% to Beitbridge and 10% were headed to Bulawayo. The Zambia-Zimbabwe corridor consisted of 52% short-term movements, 24% long-term economic movements and 23% family reunification movements. Of the migrants travelling from Zambia, 65% were travelling to Harare, 17% to Hurungwe and 8% to Bulawayo. Migrants travelling from Matabeleland South highlighted Limpopo (72%) and Gauteng, South Africa (26%) as their intended destination.. Of the incoming migrants travelling to Harare, 73% were travelling from Gauteng whilst 27% were travelling from Gauteng province in South Africa.

During the reporting period a total of 54,960 movements were recorded and 3,379 migrants were interviewed across 38 Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs) in Zimbabwe. The total movements recorded decreased by 12% compared to the previous month. Sixty-two per cent of movements observed were inflows, whilst 38% were outflows. The top three sending districts were Beitbridge (40%), Harare (14%) and Chiredzi (9%), whilst the top three receiving districts were Harare (32%), Beitbridge (14%) and Bulawayo (11%). Matabeleland South province recorded the highest number of outflows (45%) whilst Harare province recorded the highest number of inflows (32%). The South Africa-Zimbabwe corridor recorded the highest movement of 42,754 (78%) followed by the Zambia-Zimbabwe corridor which recorded 7,454 (14%) movements. Fifty-two per cent of movements along the South Africa-Zimbabwe corridor were short-term movements, 24% were long term movements whilst 19% were for family reunification. Of the migrants travelling from South Africa, 23% travelled to Harare, 20% to Beitbridge and 12% were headed to Bulawayo. The Zambia-Zimbabwe corridor consisted of 55% short-term movements, 22% long-term movements and 22% family reunification movements. Of the migrants travelling from Zambia, 64% were travelling to Harare, 12% to Hurungwe and 9% to Bulawayo. Migrants travelling from Matabeleland South highlighted Limpopo, South Africa (64%), and Gauteng, South Africa (22%) as their intended destination. Those travelling to Botswana indicated Central (4%) as their intended destination. Of the incoming migrants travelling to Harare, 46% were travelling from Lusaka (Zambia), 21% from Gauteng (South Africa), and 10% from Eastern Cape (South Africa).