Internal displacement

To ascertain the future intentions and aspirations of the IDPs in Kaduna State, the DTM surveyed 22 LGAs where IDPs were situated. Out of the 20,766 displaced households in the state, 2,447 were interviewed. All IDP households interviewed reside in host communities. There were no IDP households that lived in camps or camp-like settings in the state.

To understand the future intentions and aspirations of IDPs in Benue State, the DTM surveyed 16 LGAs where IDPs were located. From a total population of 70,597 displaced households in the state, a sample of 3,877 households participated in the survey. Among these, 11 per cent were situated in camps or camp-like settings, while 89 per cent lived in host communities.

As of 15 October 2024, 3.7 million people remain internally displaced (IDPs), while 4.4 million people who had been displaced have since returned to their primary places of residence. According to the World Bank, more than 9 million people in Ukraine are estimated to be living in poverty, an increase of 1.8 million people since February 2022. The pace of recovery in Ukraine is also projected to slow to 3.2 per cent in 2024 from 4.8 per cent in 2023, due to a smaller harvest and persistent labour shortages. With millions seeking safety and stability, often while remaining in displacement, the challenges of maintaining livelihoods and accessing social protection are paramount, necessitating focused interventions to mitigate economic hardships.

This thematic brief provides an overview of livelihoods in Ukraine, focusing on access to employment and exploring its relationship with displacement, returns, and mobility intentions. It aims to shed light on how access to sustainable economic opportunities for displaced and conflict-affected populations may correlate with enhanced resilience, self-sufficiency, and autonomy.

Since 20 October 2024, DTM monitored an escalation in clashes between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) across multiple localities in Aj Jazirah state. The Focused Flash Alert provides a numeric breakdown of displacement due to escalations in Aj Jazirah state, from 20 October to 13 November 2024. 

All figures should be understood as preliminary estimates, pending further verification. 

• Reported clashes displaced an estimated 343,473 individuals (68,801 households) between 20 October and 13 November 2024. 
• Individuals were displaced to 38 localities across seven different states. 
• Approximately (44%) of IDPs were displaced to localities in Gedaref state.
• Among the individuals displaced, an estimated 15,129 IDPs were already displaced prior to the escalation, and therefore experienced secondary displacement. 

DTM Sudan releases Early Warning Flash Alerts to provide immediate updates on specific incidents or armed clashes that spurred displacement.  Early Warning Flash Alerts are distributed via the DTM Sudan mailing list. For more granular information on displacement and mobility, see Sudan Mobility Overview (03). See also Focused Flash Alert: Aj Jazirah (Update 02) and (Update 01). 

Since October 8 there has been an increase in cross-border incidents between Israel and Lebanon, resulting in the displacement of people both within the South and elsewhere within the country. Since October 10, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) has been conducting the daily monitoring of population movements. The objective of the exercise is to inform preparedness and response planning.

As of October 2024, 3,213,495 individuals have been displaced, including 2,622,002 internally displaced persons (82% of the displaced population) and 591,493 refugees (18% of the displaced population). Sixty-five per cent of the displaced populations (2,101,972 individuals) were located in Burkina Faso, while 14 per cent resided in Mali (451,844 individuals), 11 per cent in Niger (366,991 individuals) and 4 per cent in Mauritania (140,756 individuals). The crisis’ recent spill over to coastal countries, namely Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo and Benin, shows growing number of refugees coming from the Central Sahel and populations internally displaced. As of October, 151,932 individuals were affected by displacement within the four countries (25,848 in Benin, 62,078 in Côte d’Ivoire, 7,242 in Ghana and 56,764 in Togo) of which 25,830 were internally displaced.

. As of October 2024, Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria were hosting an estimated 6,069,794 affected individuals made up of internally displaced persons (IDPs), returnees (former IDPs and returnees from abroad) and refugees (both in- and out-of-camp). Thirteen per cent of the affected population (779,110  individuals) were located in Cameroon, while 5 per cent resided in Chad (294,099 individuals), 9 per cent in Niger (555,664 individuals) and finally, 73 per cent in Nigeria (4,440,921 individuals). Overall, the numbers show a sharp increase in returnees from abroad (+45%), slight increases in IDPs (+1%) and refugees (+2%), and a decrease in returnees former IDPs (-8%) since December 2023.

As of October 2024, 4,024,862 individuals were affected, including 455,533 internally displaced persons (11% of the displaced population), 2,309,365 returnees former IDPs (57%), 539,800 returnees from abroad (14%) and 720,164 refugees (18%). In the CAR, the largest displaced population consists of former IDP returnees. Refugees from the CAR are primarily hosted by Cameroon (282,008 individuals, or 42% of the refugees), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (207,776 individuals, or 31% of the refugees) and Chad (137,988 individuals, or 20% of the refugees). Nonetheless, 10,648 refugees from the Central African Republic are still living in Sudan (2% of the refugees). The country is also home for refugees from neighbouring countries, hosting a total of 43,983 refugees coming from Sudan (29,660 individuals), the DRC (6,505 individuals), Chad (4,951 individuals) and South Soudan (2,867 individuals).

This report reflects data corresponding to Sudan Mobility Overview (3) dataset. The dataset is available here.

Overview

The Sudan Mobility Overview provides an in-depth analysis of displacement and mobility in Sudan between 01 September and 06 November 2024. This bi-monthly report summarizes displacement pathways, movement intentions, humanitarian needs, and access to services among IDPs in Sudan. 

DTM Sudan relies on a network of 492 enumerators and 8,211 key informants to collect data from 9,653 locations across all 18 states in Sudan.

Displacement Figures 

• Sudan hosted an estimated 11,188,057 internally displaced persons (2,254,337 households), as of 6 November 2024.
• An estimated 8,441,096 individuals were displaced since the onset of the conflict on 15 April 2023. 
• An estimated 3,190,152 individuals crossed borders into neighbouring countries since 15 April 2023. 
• Approximately 28 per cent of IDPs who were initially displaced prior to 15 April 2023, were displaced again after 15 April 2023. 
• An estimated 53 per cent of IDPs were children under the age of 18-years-old. 

Highlights

• Over 30 per cent of the population in Sudan has been displaced.
• An estimated 90 per cent of IDP households could reportedly not afford food, and approximately 78 per cent of IDP households reportedly needed healthcare.
• An estimated 189,555 individuals were displaced due to floods. Of these individuals, approximately 41 per cent were already displaced due to conflict prior to the onset of floods.
• IDPs were displaced from locations in all 18 states in Sudan: over a third (33%) were displaced from Khartoum state.
• Sudan represents the largest displacement crisis in the world: Sudan hosts approximately 15 per cent of all IDPs worldwide, and approximately 1 in 7 IDPs is Sudanese.