Internal displacement

Between 09 and 15 September 2024, a total of 1,095 new arrivals were recorded at locations in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe states. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Damboa, Gwoza and Monguno local government areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected Borno State, in Demsa, Fufore, Gombi, Guyuk, Lamurde, Madagali, Michika, Mubi North, Yola North and Yola South LGA of Adamawa State, and in Tarmua LGA of Yobe State.
ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: seasonal farming (360 individuals or 33%), fear of attack (295 individuals or 27%), flood (160 individuals or 15%), poor living conditions (122 individuals or 11%), government re-integration (67 individuals or 6%), attacks (47 individuals or 4%), business (19 individuals or 2%), family re-unification (15 individuals or 1%) and access to humanitarian support (10 individuals or 1%).

Between 26 August and 01 September 2024, a total of 1,759 new arrivals were recorded at locations in Adamawa and Borno states. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Gwoza, Kala Balge, Monguno and Ngala local government areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected Borno State, and in Fufore, Gombi, Guyuk, Hong, Jada, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa State.
ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: flood (386 individuals or 22%), seasonal farming (376 individuals or 21%), poor living conditions (354 individuals or 20%), military operations (264 individuals or 15%), family re-unification (159 individuals or 9%), improved security (158 individuals or 7%), fear of attack (44 individuals or 3%) and access to humanitarian support (18 individuals or 1%).

Between 02 and 08 September 2024, a total of 1,537 new arrivals were recorded at locations in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe states. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama and Gwoza local government areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected Borno State, in Mubi North LGA of Adamawa State, and in Damaturu and Tarmuwa LGAs of Yobe State.
ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: attacks (743 individuals or 48%), business (700 individuals or 46%), poor living conditions (91 individuals or 6%), and family re-unification (3 individuals or 0.2%).

The GRANIT was conceived in 2021 in Dakar at the initiative of OCHA, IOM and REACH with the support of the Regional Sectoral Groups, UN agencies and NGOs. GRANIT seeks to create a forum of technical experts and information managers to pave the way for a regional, holistic and cross-sectoral analytical approach to inform the crisis preparedness and response phases. The aim of the monitoring tool is to track developments in the context in the target countries, using a multi-hazard approach. To this end, 15 indicators have been selected by the regional group of experts in emergency preparedness and response and GRANIT members. This report presents the evolution of the situation in Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana and Togo, as of 31 July 2024. 

Extreme weather, rising sea levels, and damaged ecosystems threaten the lives and livelihoods of millions of people around the world1. Globally, in 2022, an estimated 31.8 million people were displaced due to storms, floods, wildfires, droughts, and extreme temperatures2. Climate related disasters are further expected to impact an estimated 1.2 billion persons by 20503. As such, climate change is viewed as an “increasingly potent driver of migration”4. Accordingly, climate change-induced mobility describes a wide range of human mobility that is influenced by environmental changes. The term covers migration, planned relocation, managed retreat, evacuation, and displacement.

This DTM activity focuses on Emergency Preparedness and Response (DTM EPR). It provides a timely opportunity to explore the unpredictable situation of migrants and the experiences they face due to climate-induced challenges and vulnerabilities within Trinidad and Tobago. In this regard, this DTM EPR will empower disaster/emergency management teams and other decision-makers with evidence-based insights that can guide strategic interventions to impacted populations. In this DTM EPR edition, a total of 179 migrants were surveyed in May 2024. The areas with the highest number of respondents were Chaguanas, Port-of Spain, and Diego Martin as shown in Map 1.

Cantons: La Cruz, Upala and Los Chiles 

The migratory movements of Nicaraguan people to Costa Rica are a constant trend in Central America, intensified by political, economic, and social factors. 

Between January and August 2024, 370,377 regular movements of people of Nicaraguan nationality were recorded (53 % entries, 47 % exits). In the same period during 2023, 338,583 regular movements were recorded (53 % entries and 47 % exits). This represented a nine per cent increase in 2024 compared to 2023. On the other hand, through unofficial crossings points, 54,016 migratory movements were recorded from May 15, 2024, to August 31, with 52 per cent being exits and 48 per cent entries. Additionally, 314 Nicaraguan people were surveyed (193 at official border crossings points and 121 at unofficial border crossings points) and 306 companions (165 at official border crossings points and 141 at unofficial border crossings points). 

Understanding the border dynamics of those who transit it is essential in comprehending the needs of the migrant population and formulating proposals for their assistance. In the face of these challenges, it is essential to have updated information on the sociodemographic profile, reasons for migration, needs, and the dynamics of the migratory movements of Nicaraguan people on the northern border of Costa Rica. 

Cantons: Alajuela, Cartago, Corredores, Desamparados, Escazu, Heredia, Los Chiles, San Carlos, San Jose, Santa Ana and Tibas. 

Costa Rica, like other Central American countries, continues to be a migratory corridor for the flow of people in mobility across the Americas. This flow is mainly composed of people from the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, as well as other countries in South America, Africa, and Asia. According to estimates by IOM Costa Rica, approximately 16,566 people entered the country in August 2024, with a daily average of 534 people. This represents a significant 28% decrease compared to July 2024. Although the total number of people transiting through Costa Rica has decreased, the data reflect a difference in the intensity of the reduction between those stranded in public sites and those in shelters. In August 2024, migrants stranded in public sites decreased by 11 per cent (from 977 in July to 870 in August), while people in shelters experienced a more significant decrease of 70 per cent (from 861 in July to 260 in August). While shelters still have the capacity to accommodate more people, many migrants prefer to continue their journey northward and remain in public spaces. This shift highlights the complex dynamics of migration. 

In August, a total of 243 alerts were recorded, with 212 (87%) being event-related and 31 (13%) relating to movements. In Adamawa State, all alerts in Demsa, Girei, Lamurde, Numan, and Shelleng LGAs were event-related. In Mayo-Belwa LGA, 93 per cent of the alerts were event-related, while 7 per cent were movement-related. Guyuk LGA reported 70 per cent event-related alerts and 30 per cent movement-related alerts. In Taraba State, Zing and Lau LGAs reported 80 per cent and 25 per cent event-related alerts, and 20 per cent and 75 per cent movement-related alerts, respectively. Disaggregated ward-level data indicates that Kodomti ward in Numan LGA of Adamawa State reported the highest percentage of events at 8. Dwan ward of Demsa LGA and Talum ward in Shelleng LGA of Adamawa state with Lama ward in Zing LGA of Taraba state each represent 6 per cent of the total alerts.
Less than 1 per cent of the reported alerts displacement status are unknown, while 10 per cent of the event alerts resulted in casualties or injuries.

Between 4 and 8 September 2024, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), in collaboration with the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), the Kogi State Emergency Management Agency (KOSEMA), and the Nigerian Red Cross Society (NRCS), identified 4 locations in Kogi State that were impacted by floods or received internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to the flooding. 
In the two (2) local government areas (LGAs) of Kogi State that were assessed, DTM identified 798 individuals in 97 households affected by the floods. These individuals included IDPs who were displaced by the floods and residents who were impacted by the floods but remained in their communities. The affected population included 773 displaced individuals.
Forty-one per cent (41%) of the affected houses were habitable but need repair, twenty-six per cent were partially damaged, and 33 per cent were totally destroyed. In 75 per cent (75%) of the locations assessed, crop farming was among the primary sources of income.