OVERVIEW: The Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR) of the IOM Yemen Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) monitors the arrival of migrants along Yemen’s southern coastal border and the return of Yemeni nationals along its northern border with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to identify migration patterns and provide quantitative estimates of the irregular migrant population entering the country. It’s crucial to understand that the FMR does not capture all migration flows as demonstrated by departures to Yemen captured by IOM DTM Djibouti to areas along the West Coast of Yemen which have remained inaccessible for assessments. Instead, it provides indicative insights into migration trends based on a known total number of migrants arriving along monitored coast and land borders during the reporting period.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS: In August 2024, the IOM Yemen DTM tracked 1,631 migrants entering Yemen, a 21 per cent increase from the total figure reported in the previous month (1,345 migrants). All migrants (100%) left from Bari Region in Somalia.
Among the total migrants recorded, 16 per cent were children, 24 per cent were women, and 60 per cent were men.

Typically, Lahj serves as an entry point for migrants departing through Djibouti whereas Shabwah serves as an entry point for migrants departing through Somalia. During this reporting period, all recorded departed from Somalia to the coastal area of Shabwah Governorate. During the same period, no migrants departing from Djibouti to Lahj were tracked by IOM, likely due to measures taken by the government to combat smuggling. Since those measures were implemented, starting August 2023, the flow of migrants along this route has been nearly absent in the months that followed, with one exception in December 2023 when a boat brought 110 migrants to shore.

The DTM team identified 4,113 Yemeni returnees in August 2024, a one per cent decrease compared to the number of returnees in July (4,172 individuals). Additionally, the team recorded a total of 143 migrants that were deported from Oman back to Deifen Point in Shahan district of Al Maharah Governorate, Yemen. All deported migrants were Ethiopian nationals.

While the worsening humanitarian crisis in Yemen has compelled some migrants to make the difficult decision to return to their home countries in the Horn of Africa, others have reportedly been returned by government authorities. In August 2024, DTM recorded a total of 971 migrants leaving Yemen either voluntarily or returned by boat from Yemen. This group was composed of 89 per cent men, nine per cent women, and two per cent children.
Furthermore, in August 2024, the Djibouti DTM team reported a total of 893 migrants (93% men, 6% women, and 1% children) arrived in Djibouti from Yemen. These figures underscore the significant challenges migrants in Yemen face and the desperate circumstances that have led them to risk dangerous sea voyages.

The Flood Displacement Summary summarizes DTM updates on incidents of flood-induced displacement across Sudan. 

Between 01 June and 04 September 2024, DTM Sudan reported 111 incidents of heavy rain and floods that triggered sudden displacement in Sudan. Rain and floods displaced an estimated 172,520 individuals (34,504 households) from locations across 15 different states in Sudan. 

This report outlines incidents of flood-induced displacement between 27 August and 04 September 2024. For information on earlier reported incidents, see DTM Sudan: Flood Displacement Summary (Update 003), (Update 002), and (Update 001).

Highlights  

• DTM observed 34 incidents of flood-induced displacement between 27 August and 4 September 2024.  
   
• These reported incidents triggered the displacement of an estimated 36,065 individuals (7,213 households).  
   
• Approximately 18,264 structures were either destroyed or partially damaged due to rain or floods. 
   
• An estimated 41 per cent of individuals displaced due to floods were already displaced due to conflict prior to the onset of floods.  

The IOM Afghanistan’s DTM Flow Monitoring activity is designed to provide insights into the mobility patterns at Afghanistan’s border points with the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. The activity involves two interlinked exercises: the Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), a headcount of individuals crossing the border, and the Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS), which collect data on the profiles and intentions of randomly selected Afghan nationals. DTM FM is operational at four main crossing points (connected to Afghanistan’s National Highway) as well as six other crossing points with Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This weekly snapshot combines information from the FM activity and various IOM sources related to cross-border movement. For a detailed explanation of the methodology used in gathering this data, the report directs readers to the section titled “IOM INFLOW DATA” on the last page.

This information was collected following attacks that occurred on 04 September 2024 in the municipality of Ganthier, more precisely in the 2nd communal section of Balan. A total of 830 people (172 households) were displaced following these attacks. These people took refuge in the 3rd communal section of Fonds Parisien, most of them (66%) with relatives in host families, while 34% took refuge in two sites. The municipality of Ganthier has been increasingly affected by armed attacks in recent weeks, the most significant in July and August 2024, leading to the displacement of nearly 6,000 people (see ETT 45.1) who took refuge in the same 3rd communal section of Fonds Parisien which has become an important host location for persons displaced in the municipality of Ganthier.

Between 6 and 12 May 2024, a total of 363 new arrivals were recorded at locations in Adamawa and Borno states. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Bama, Dikwa, Gwoza, Mafa and Kukuwa local government areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected Borno State.

Between 27 and 31 August 2024, armed bandits attacked the communities of Naka Agagbe Road in Mbachohon ward and Tse Ugbadu in Sagher Ukusu ward of Gwer West local government area (LGA), Tinenune and Dyom HC in Mbatian ward and Tse Aye in Kendev ward of Ukum LGA  and farmer/herders clashes occured in the community of Ugbe in Moon ward of Kwande LGA, all in Benue State. There were reports of 107 injuries and 15 fatalities. The attacks affected 497 individuals in 94 households and the farmer/herders clashes affected four individuals in four households. The affected individuals included 199 children, 145 women and 158 men. 
On 26 August 2024, armed bandits attacked the community of Kurmin B in Angunu ward of Kachia LGA in Kaduna State. There were reports of six injuries and two fatalities. The attack affected 95 individuals in 18 households. The affected individuals included 64 children, 18 women and 13 men.
Also, on 29 August 2024, armed bandits attacked the community of Katsalle in Yan-tumaki A ward of Dan Musa LGA in Katsina State. The attack affected 993 individuals in 132 households. The affected individuals included 694 children, 191 women and 108 men.

Between 27 and 30 August 2024, heavy rainfalls in Benue State caused extensive floodings in Makurdi and Tarka local government areas (LGAs). The floods affected the communities of Behind the Radio Benue in Bar ward, Kighir in Modern Market ward, and Agwan Kabawa in North Bank ward (Makurdi LGA) and Sunshine Secondary School areas in Mchaver Ikyondo ward and Market Square areas in Mbaikyo ward (Tarka LGA). The floods affected 1,487 individuals in 196 households. One injury was also reported.  The affected individuals included 1,051 children, 268 women and 168 men. 
On 26 and 30 August 2024, heavy rainfalls resulting in floods in the communities of Walawa in Magami ward of Mani LGA and Tigirmis in Dandagoro ward in Batagarawa LGA, all in Katsina State. There were reports of three injuries and one fatality. The flood affected 1,535 individuals in 182 households. The affected individuals included 1,006 children, 297 women and 232 men.
Also, between 26 and 31 August 2024, heavy rains led to flooding in the communities of Sabon Unguwa and Sibiri in Bungudu ward of Bungudu LGA, Sabon Gari, Alkalawa, Bakin Tasha, Bakin Marna, Ajiyawa, Jangeru and Shanawa in Shinkafi North ward of Shinkafi LGA, all in Zamfara State. There were reports of 100 injuries and one fatality. The floods affected 5,556 individuals in 1,042 households. The affected individuals included 3,116 children, 1,343 women and 1,097 men.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) Pakistan’s FM provides key insights into the overall migration trends of Afghan nationals returning to Afghanistan, as well as an overview of the profiles of Afghan returnees and their mobility patterns, exploring routes, vulnerabilities, demographics and social characteristics. Between 16 and 31 August, DTM border monitors (BMs) interviewed 427 heads of households through a Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR) form, while 14,435 Afghan returnees were identified through five border crossing points. 

HIGHLIGHTS

• During this reporting period, DTM teams have observed a slight increase of one per cent in returns compared to the first two weeks of August 2024.
• Cumulatively, from 15 September 2023, 712,128 individuals have returned to Afghanistan. Twenty-six per cent (221,237 individuals) of this total have returned since 1 January 2024.
• Most of the returnees are undocumented Afghans (81%), followed by PoR holders (17%) and ACC holders (2%).

On 22 August 2024, armed bandits attacked the community of Afia in Tsaav ward of Ukum Local Government Area (LGA) in Benue State. There were reports of 43 injuries and six fatalities. The attacks affected 159 individuals in 32 households. The affected individuals included 55 children, 57 women and 47 men. 
Between 23 and 25 August 2024, armed bandits attacked the communities of Gangara in Gangara ward of Giwa LGA, Kurmin B in Agunu ward and Ungwan Pah in Ankwa ward of Kachia LGA, Rafin Kunu in Kufana ward and Ugakala in Maro ward of Kajuru LGA, Gurza in Garu ward of Lere LGA, Gidan Ali in Ikulu ward and Fadan Kufai in Madakiya ward of Zangon Kataf LGA, all in Kaduna State. There were reports of 63 injuries and 11 fatalities. The attacks affected 3,487 individuals in 596 households and displaced 1,920 individuals from Unguwan Pah in Ankwa LGA to Kufai Gidan in Gumel ward of Kachia LGA, 640 individuals were displaced from Ugakala in Maro ward of Kajuru LGA to Cattle Crossing in Agunu ward of Kachia LGA and 162 individuals were displaced from Gidan Ali in Ikulu ward to Ungwan Kusolo in Kamantan ward of Zangon Kataf LGA. The affected individuals included 1,977 children, 857 women and 653 men.
Also, between 20 and 24 August 2024, heavy rainfall resulting to floods affected the communities of Danbaiwa in Batagarawa ward, Wadigawa in Dandagoro ward of Batagarawa LGA, Safana and Unguwar Magaza in Charanchi ward of Charanchi LGA, Riko in Kusa ward of Jibia LGA, Dan Dutse and Matsiga in Kankara ward of Kankara LGA, Hayin Gabas, Hayin Yamma and Walawa in Magami ward of Mani LGA and Gwamba in Gwamba LGA of Zango LGA, all in Katsina State. There were reports of nine injuries and one fatality. The affected individuals included 2,571 children, 823 women and 572 men.
On 23 August 2024, floods occurred in the communities of Rarah in Rarah ward of Rabah LGA and Katami in Katami North ward of Silame LGA of Sokoto State and the communities of Gummi Town, Gayari, Falale, Gamo, Daki Takwas and Birnin Magaji in Birnin Magaji ward of Gummi LGA and Birnin Ruwa in Sabon Gari ward of Gusau LGA in Zamfara State. There were reports of 57 injuries and 19 fatalities. The affected individuals included 1,267 children, 631 women and 373 men.