DTM Flow Monitoring, conducted by IOM Afghanistan, is designed to provide insights into the mobility patterns at Afghanistan’s border points with the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This activity involves two interlinked exercises: Flow Monitoring Counting (FMC), which monitors the number of movements across the border, and Flow Monitoring Surveys (FMS), which collect data on the profiles of randomly selected Afghan nationals crossing the border including documentation held, reasons for travel, and the intended period of stay/ travel. It is important to note that DTM collects information on total movements at a given border point, not the number of unique individuals entering or leaving the country. As a result, if one individual both left and re-entered Afghanistan during the reporting period, this would count as one outflow movement and one inflow movement. Movements can be attributed to a wide variety of reasons, including returnees coming back to Afghanistan after living abroad, people visiting family, deportees, those travelling for economic reasons, medical patients, students, or Afghans moving abroad for different reasons. Circular movements, which include those who frequently and regularly travel back and forth across the border for trade and other reasons, are also common. This monitoring offers a clear picture of population movements in and out of the country. 

DTM FM is operational at four main crossing points (connected to Afghanistan’s National Highway) as well as six other crossing points with Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan. This weekly snapshot combines information from the FM activity and various IOM sources related to cross-border movement. For a detailed explanation of the methodology used in gathering this data, the report directs readers to the section titled “IOM INFLOW DATA” on the last page.

This report is an update of the one published on 23 October (ETT 51.1). While people who were displaced by attacks in Tabarre 27 have returned to their residences, the number of those displaced by the attacks in and around Solino has increased significantly. A total of 12,619 people have been displaced following these attacks in Solino and its surroundings and the majority of them (58%) took refuge in 14 sites, including 7 that already existed before these incidents and 7 newly created following these incidents. It should be noted that 4 other sites have been closed, IDPs who were hosted there have fled to take refuge in other sites

Between August 12 and October 15, 2024, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) carried out Round 18 of the General Population Survey (GPS), which offers a highly representative assessment of internal displacement in Ukraine. The data in this report, commissioned by IOM, was gathered by 61 enumerators from Multicultural Insights through screener phone-based interviews involving 40,002 randomly selected respondents, alongside follow-up interviews with 1,421 internally displaced persons (IDPs), 1,185 returnees, and 1,804 residents. These interviews were conducted using the computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) method and a random digit dial (RDD) approach.

This report presents the main findings from Round 18 of the GPS, providing detailed insights into population figures, analysis of displacement flows and mobility intentions, demographic profiles, household composition and vulnerabilities, and the needs of the displaced population. These insights aim to support evidence-based decision-making on strategic, technical, and programmatic aspects of the response and recovery efforts in Ukraine.

The Oblast Profiles provide key representative findings for 13 oblasts and Kyiv City on current population estimates, displacement flows and mobility intentions, demographics, household composition and vulnerabilities, and the needs of present populations. They also focus on durable solution pathways to internal displacement and sustainable reintegration of returnees, aligning with the criteria proposed by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Framework on Durable Solutions for IDPs. 
 
This report presents findings from Rounds 18 of the General Population Survey (GPS). Data collection was conducted from 12 August to 15 October 2024. 

On 24 February 2022, the Russian Federation initiated a large-scale invasion of Ukraine, leading to an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. In response, starting on 9 March 2022, the International Organization for Migration (IOM)'s Data and Analytics Unit began conducting systematic assessments of the Ukrainian population. These assessments are designed to gather critical information on displacement, mobility flows, intentions, and living conditions to inform targeted assistance. Initially conducted every two months, the survey frequency shifted to quarterly from Round 13 onwards. In June 2024, the methodology was further refined to produce quarterly, representative data at the oblast level, enabling more localized analysis.

This methodological note outlines the assessment methodology and sampling design for Round 18 of the General Population Survey (GPS), and the same approach will be applied to subsequent rounds, including Rounds 19 and 20.

Since 20 October 2024, DTM monitored an escalation in clashes between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) across multiple localities in Aj Jazirah state. The Focused Flash Alert provides a numeric breakdown of displacement due the recent escalations in Aj Jazirah state from 20 to 30 October 2024. 

All figures should be understood as preliminary estimates, pending further verification. 

• Reported clashes displaced an estimated 135,405 individuals (27,081 households) between 20 and 30 October 2024. 
• More than half (57%) of IDPs were displaced to localities in Gedaref state, including Al Butanah and Madeinat Al Gedaref localities. 
• Among the individuals displaced, many were already displaced prior to the escalation and therefore experienced secondary displacement. 

DTM Sudan releases Early Warning Flash Alerts to provide immediate updates on specific incidents or armed clashes that spurred displacement.  Early Warning Flash Alerts are distributed via the DTM Sudan mailing list. For more granular information on displacement and mobility, see Sudan Mobility Update (10).

In Pakistan, Flow Monitoring has been established since 2016 and provides key insights into the overall migration trends of Afghan nationals returning to Afghanistan. It provides a detailed overview of Afghan returnees, including their profiles, mobility patterns, routes taken, vulnerabilities, as well as key demographics and social characteristics. The exercise also helps identifying gaps and priorities in the provision of assistance along migration routes and at destinations.

Between July and September 2024, BMs interviewed 2,710 heads of households, while 87,346 Afghan nationals were identified returning to Afghanistan. This is obtained through a household registry with all family members travelling with the head of household, including gender, age, documentation status and various other breakdowns.

Between 15 and 20 July 2024, a total of 1,648 new arrivals were recorded at locations in Benue State. The new arrivals were recorded in Agatu, Guma, Kwande, Markudi, Kwande, Logo and Ukum local government areas (LGAs) of Benue State.

Despite the limitations of data collection, MMP recorded 811 migrant fatalities within the countries that compose the WCA region in 2023. This includes land routes within WCA countries and those that occurred off their coasts. The number of deaths in 2023 is 565 per cent higher than in 2022 when 122 deaths and disappearances were documented.