Overview

From 15 April 2023, armed clashes erupted between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in multiple cities across Sudan. Clashes initially took place in cities across Northern and Khartoum states, later spreading across the Darfur and Kordofan regions.
 

Highlights

• DTM Sudan estimates that 6,144,363 (1,224,269 Households) were recently internally displaced.
• The IDP caseload was observed in 6,594 locations across all of Sudan’s 18 states. 
• The highest proportions of IDPs were observed across South Darfur (12%), River Nile (11%), East Darfur (11%), White Nile (8%), North Darfur (8%), Northern (7%), and Sennar (7%). 
• Field teams reported that the IDPs observed were originally displaced from twelve states. The majority (3,522,784 IDPs, 57%) were reportedly displaced from Khartoum state; followed by South Darfur (15%), North Darfur (8%),  Aj Jazirah (7%), Central Darfur (4%), West Darfur (3%), East Darfur (1%), South Kordofan (1%), West Kordofan (<1%), North Kordofan (<1%), Sennar (<1%), and White Nile (<1%). 
• IOM-DTM also reported that an estimated 1,780,295 mixed cross-border movements were made into neighbouring countries.
• This product provides brief insights into those displaced in Sudan post-15 April 2023. For more granular information on the IDP caseload and the displacement context, please see IOM-DTM's Monthly Displacement Overview (05).

Since 2022, the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), in particular North Kivu, has been gripped by a devastating conflict that has intensified and become increasingly complex over time, with the potential to reach unprecedented levels in the province. This crisis is characterised by an abundance of armed actors in the conflict, a large-scale displacement and an increasing number of population in need of humanitarian aid.

The ongoing conflict between the M23 rebel group and the Forces Armées de la République Démocratique du Congo (FARDC) and their allies has been a major source of violence and instability in the region. The situation has deteriorated further since the withdrawal of several East African Community (EAC) force bases from the affected territories. This conflict has not only caused the loss of human life and the displacement of millions of people but has also hampered efforts to establish peace and stability in the region. Since the beginning of the crisis, IOM, through its Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) has continued conducting a series of rapid assessments, including emergency monitoring (EET/ERM), crisis analysis and registration, with the aim of responding to immediate information needs in order to understand displacement dynamics. This report presents the results of assessments carried out in the various displacement and return areas between 19 December 2023 and 27 January 2024.

Depuis 2022, la région orientale de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC), en particulier le Nord-Kivu, est en proie à un conflit dévastateur qui s'est intensifié et est devenu de plus en plus complexe au fil du temps, avec le potentiel d'atteindre des niveaux sans précédent dans le Nord-Kivu. Cette crise se caractérise par une multitude d'acteurs armés en conflit, une importante population déplacée et une population encore plus importante en manque d'aide humanitaire. Le conflit actuel entre le groupe rebelle M23 et les Forces armées de la République démocratique du Congo (FARDC) et leurs alliés a été une source majeure de violence et d'instabilité dans la région. La situation s'est encore détériorée depuis le début du retrait de plusieurs bases des forces de la Communauté de l'Afrique de l'Est (CAE) des territoires affectés. Ce conflit a non seulement causé la perte de vies humaines et le déplacement de millions de personnes, mais il a également entravé les efforts visant à instaurer la paix et la stabilité dans la région.

Depuis le début de la crise, l'OIM, par le biais de la DTM continue à mener une série d'évaluations rapides, y compris le suivi des urgences (EET/ERM), l'analyse des crises et enregistrement avec priorité de répondre aux besoins immédiats d'information en vue de comprendre la dynamique des déplacements et les besoins. Ce rapport présente les résultats des évaluations menées dans les différentes zones de déplacement et de retour du 19 décembre 2023 au 27 janvier 2024.

From when the reporting period started to where it ends, (15 August 2021 to 15 August 2023), the gap between total outflows and inflows has dwindled between Afghanistan and two of its neighbouring countries, that is the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan.

By the second half of the reporting period, cross-border movements reached close to a 1 to1 ratio between outflows (4,307,755) and inflows (4,314,442).

Changes in these flows across this two year period may be more generally attributed to the combination of tighter governmental controls on border crossings, temporary border closures, and fear of deportations of Afghan nationals living abroad. The following sections point to notable peaks and downturns in mobility flows to help put into perspective the timeline and context in which IOM operates in.

IOM Yemen DTM’s Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects data on estimated numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis from their locations of origin or displacement, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of estimated numbers, geography, and needs. It also tracks returnees who returned to their location of origin.                                                                                    

• Ma’rib (20 HHs) – Harib (11 HHs), Marib City (7 HHs), Marib (2 HHs) districts. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Marib and Ta’iz.
• Al Hodeidah (8 HHs) – Hays (5 HHs), Al Khukhah (3 HHs) districts. Most displacements in the governorate were internal.
• Lahj (2 HHs) – Tuban (2 HHs) district. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Ta’iz and Al Hodeidah.

The majority of people moved from the following governorates and districts:

• Ma’rib (12 HHs) – Harib (12 HHs) district.
• Al Hodeidah (8 HHs) – Al Jarrahi (3 HHs), At Tuhayta (2 HHs), Al Hali (1 HH) districts.
• Ta’iz (4 HHs) – At Taiziyah (1 HH), Maqbanah (1 HH), Al Mawasit (1 HH) districts.

IOM identified 56 households displaced in the previous reporting period, which covered 21 - 27 January 2024, in the governorates of Ta’iz (25 HHs), Ma’rib (21 HHs), Al Hodeidah (9 HHs), and Ad Dali (1 HH). These figures have been added to the cumulative displacement total recorded since the beginning of the year.

In November 2023, a total of 35,902 movements were observed across the six flow monitoring points (FMPs) in Ethiopia. This represents an 8% decrease in daily average movements in comparison with October 2023 when an average of 1,302 movements per day were observed.

Outgoing movements (74%) during November decreased while incoming movements (26%) increased compared to the previous month, mainly due to increased incoming flows of returning migrants to Ethiopia through different entry points. A total of 26,583 outgoing movements were observed, of which 11,272 (42.4%) were heading to Saudi Arabia, 5,706 (21.5%) were going to Kenya, 2,715 (10.2%) to Somalia, 2,651 (10%) to Djibouti, 1,225 (4.6%) to Sudan, 1,059 (4%) to Yemen, and 1,032 (3.9%) to South Africa, while remaining movements were to other Southern African, Middle Eastern, and North American countries.

At the same time, 9,319 incoming movements were observed, of which 3,906 (41.9%) originated from Sudan, while 2,158 (23.2%) came from Kenya, 1,666 (17.9%) from Somalia, 1,484 (15.9%) from Djibouti, and the remaining from Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Canada, and Germany. Most incoming movements were by Ethiopians (74.6%), followed by Sudanese nationals (23.8%). Returning Ethiopians departed from Kenya (31.0%), Somalia (24.0%), Sudan (22.5%), Djibouti (21.1%), and Yemen (1.4%) and the remaining travelled from United Arab Emirates, Canada, and Germany.

IOM Yemen DTM’s Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects data on estimated numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis from their locations of origin or displacement, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of estimated numbers, geography, and needs. It also tracks returnees who returned to their location of origin.                                                                                    

From 1 to 27 January 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 255 households (HH) (1,530 Individuals) who experienced displacement at least once.

Between 21 and 27 January 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 21 households (126 individuals) displaced at least once. The majority of people moved into/within the following governorates and districts. The majority of people moved into/within the following governorates and districts:                 

• Al Hodeidah (13 HHs) – Hays (11 HHs), Al Khukhah (2 HHs) districts. All displacements in the governorate were internal.
• Ma’rib (7 HHs) – Ma’rib City (6 HHs), Ma’rib (1 HH) districts. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Amran and Ta’iz.
• Ad Dali (1 HH) – Ad Dali (1 HH) district. All displacements in the governorate originated from Sanaa.

The majority of people moved from the following governorates and districts:

• Al Hodeidah (13 HHs) – Hays (7 HHs), Al Hali (2 HHs), Jabal Ras (2 HHs) districts.
• Ta’iz (2 HHs) – At Taiziyah (1 HH), As Silw (1 HH) districts.
• Ibb (2 HHs) – Ar Radmah (1 HH), Al Qafr (1 HH) districts.

IOM identified 40 households displaced in the previous reporting period, which covered 14 - 20 January 2024, in the governorates of Al Hodeidah (26 HHs), Ma’rib (8 HHs), Ta’iz (6 HHs). These figures have been added to the cumulative displacement total recorded since the beginning of the year.