The Horn of Africa and Yemen is one of the busiest and riskiest migration corridors in the world travelled by hundreds of thousands of migrants, the majority of whom travel in an irregular manner, often relying on smugglers to facilitate movement along the Eastern Route. This regional report provides monthly updates on the complex migratory dynamics through Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen and Ethiopia based on diverse data sources and consultations with key informants in the four countries. Moreover, it provides information on the main protection concerns for migrants along the journey, information on the spillover effects of the conflict in the Sudan observed at the border with Ethiopia, a specific focus on children and information on the returns from Saudi Arabia to Ethiopia, Somalia and Yemen.

IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) conducted the Village Assessment Survey (VAS) to facilitate planning for transition and recovery programs. Its main objectives are to map the availability of basic needs, services, and infrastructure and to identify priority areas for intervention within selected counties in South Sudan.

This Abyei Administrative Area Village Assessment Survey covers a period from 28 February to 27 March 2023. The survey team mapped 393 facilities, encompassing 19 administrative buildings, 9 markets, 28 religious structures, 3 bus stations, and 264 water points. Notably, educational and healthcare facilities were identified as well, with 49 education facilities and 24 health facilities marked.

This brief presents an overview of movement trends in to / out of Wau Masna Collective Centre between January and March 2023. The collective centre recorded 634 interviews accounting for 1,505 individuals moving in and out of the centre. Temporary movement (994 individuals) was the main travel category as of this reporting period. Fifty-five per cent of the temporary travelers were male compared to 45 per cent female. The main drivers of temporary movements were tending to livelihood activities (26%), attempt to return home (14%), and visit friends or family (12%). Of those who traveled temporarily, 74 per cent intend to spend at least one to seven days in their areas of destination. Few of the individuals who embarked on same-day movements (6 individuals) did so to access education services (40%), access cash (40%), and visit friends or family (20%). This period also recorded 227 individuals who entered the collective centre newly. Hunger due to conflict (67%) was the main driver of new entries. Eighty-four per cent of new arrivals intend to spend more than six months. DTM flow monitoring enumerators did not record individuals who permanently exited Masna Collective Centre during this period.

IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) continued conducting Displacement Site Flow Monitoring (DSFM) at the gates of Naivasha IDP camp. During this period (January to March 2023), 1,409 interviews were conducted representing 4,734 individuals moving in to or out of the camp. Surveyed day movements (4,682 individuals) dominated compared to other travel categories and were predominantly undertaken by female travelers (60%). The main reasons for these movements were to visit friends or family (46%), other livelihood activities (29%), to purchase things from the market (9%), collect firewood (5%) and access to health care services (4%). Fifty-two individuals were recorded permanently exiting Naivasha IDP camp. More than a half of the exits were dominated by male travelers (58%). The main reason that forced people to move out of the camp was improved living conditions at locations of destination. Of those who permanently exited, 58 per cent moved to their former area but new homes, 23 per cent moved to former their former homes, 19 per cent moved to new homes in different areas, all of whom moved to Wau county. DTM enumerators did not capture individuals engaged in temporary movements and new arrivals.

This brief presents an overview of movement trends in to / out of Malakal PoC site between January and March 2023. The site recorded 459 interviews accounting for 1,072 individuals embarking on movements in to or out of the PoC site. Same-day movement was the most recorded travel category (840 individuals) during this reporting period, with (65%) being women and girls. Tending to livelihood activities (72%) has been the key driver of movements followed by visiting friends or family (8%). Malakal PoC site also captured a record 103 individuals newly entering the PoC site. Fifty-two per cent of the new arrivals were females and forty-eight were male. The new arrivals cited hunger due to conflict (59%), insecurity due to conflict (20%), joining family (15%), attempt to return home (3%), and access to education (2%) as factors that drove them into the Malakal PoC site. Of those who arrived newly, 98 per cent intend to spend at least more than six months at the site. DTM flow monitoring enumerators also recorded twenty-four individuals permanently leaving the site. The main intention for leaving the site is to return home (58%), irregularities or insufficient food rations (30%), and improved living conditions at destination (12%).

This brief presents an overview on movement trends in to / out of Bentiu IDP camp between January and March 2023. The camp recorded 43,878 individuals through 10,379 interviews conducted. Temporary travel was the most common movement category, with an overall 22,745 individuals engaging in such movements. Tending to livelihood activities (48%) was the main cause of these temporary movements followed by visiting friends or family (18%) and checking on or repairing damaged property (9%). Same-day movements (19,768 individuals) were the second most recorded travel category. New arrivals were also recorded in the IDP camp, 30 per cent of whom entered to be with family, destroyed homes due to natural disasters (24%), hunger due to natural disasters (17%), access to health care (9%), and access to services (9%). Of the new arrivals, 47 per cent wish to spend more than six months in the IDP camp. Bentiu IDP camp captured 892 individuals permanently leaving the camp. These exits were motivated by the need to look for education opportunities (42%), joining family (24%), looking for better livelihood or work opportunities (17%), and improved living condition in destination (6%). Forty-two per cent of those who exited moved to former homes Guit, Rubkona, Fangak, Koch, and Juba counties.

Базова територіальна оцінка зареєстрованих ВПО надає детальні дані щодо кількості та географічного розташування офіційно зареєстрованих внутрішньо переміщених осіб (ВПО). У звіті оцінено присутність зареєстрованих ВПО на рівні громад, а також відображено на мапі зафіксовані зміни, що відбулися з попереднього раунду. У раунді 26 представлені дані щодо кількості зареєстрованих ВПО із розподілом за статтю, віком та визнаним державою статусом особи з інвалідністю1.

Дані, зібрані для раунду 26 базового територіального оцінювання, відображають актуальні цифри місцевого адміністративного реєстру ВПО станом на 31 липня 2023 року, що складає 3 677 601 зареєстрованих ВПО. Дані щодо кількості зареєстрованих ВПО було зібрано для 1 039 громад (78% усіх охоплених громад на підконтрольних українському уряду територіях). Дані з розподілом за віком, статтю та статусом особи з інвалідністю було надано для приблизно 76% охоплених адміністративно-територіальних одиниць.

Для цілей цього оцінювання МОМ визначає ВПО як осіб, які офіційно зареєстровані як такі, що залишили своє звичне місце проживання через нинішню війну в Україні.