The DTM Global Mobility Restrictions Overview provides updates on international air travel restrictions and conditions for authorized entry. This overview aims to understand how COVID-19 has impacted human mobility, detailing how global and regional trends in air travel measures have evolved since COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic in March 2020. The data presented focuses on the changes in public health-related immigration and border management measures. It provides information intended to support IOM missions and partners in targeted response planning and advocacy for vulnerable populations who may be affected by changes in global mobility.

IOM works with national and local authorities in order to gain a better understanding of population movements throughout Southern Africa. Through the setup of Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs), IOM seeks to quantify migration flows, trends and routes and to gain a better understanding of the profiles of observed individuals at entry, transit or exit points (such as border crossing posts, bus stations, rest areas, police checkpoints and reception centres). This report is an overview of the data collected in these FMPs from 1 to 31 May 2022.

Inter-regional migration from and within the Southern Africa is categorized along the following corridors. The Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs) were set-up in several key transit locations along the corridors to track the movements of passengers: 

•Zimbabwe (Mutare) – Mozambique (Manica)

•Zimbabwe – Zambia (Chirundu)

•Zimbabwe – Botswana (Plumtree)

•Zimbabwe (Beitbridge) – South Africa

•Malawi (Mchinji) - Zambia (Mwami)

•Malawi (Karonga ) – United Republic of Tanzania

•Malawi (Mwanza) – Mozambique (Zobue) 

•Malawi (Mulanje) – Mozambique

•Mozambique (Ressano Garcia) – South Africa

Over the reporting period a total of 65,941 movements were observed across 48 FMPs in the region. The Zimbabwe – South Africa corridor hosted the largest number of movements with 34,798 (53%) followed by the Malawi (Mwanza) – Mozambique (Zobue) corridor with 10,134 (15%) and the Malawi – Zambia corridor with 6,453 movements reported (10%).

Farmers-Herdsmen conflicts are propelled by multi-causal factors, such as limited resources in the face of population increment and its attendant increment of needs, weakened traditional conflict resolving mechanisms and shortage of land, and climate change. These narratives and profiles have aided aggressive encroachment and reprisal aggression between the parties leading to mutual hostility and reverse-violent attacks. Further, tensions have grown with reports of violent clashes becoming more frequent, and in recent years, disputes over crop damage, livestock theft, and water pollution have increasingly turned violent.

To analyze the causes of the farmer-herder conflicts in Adamawa state, TTT Early Warning deploys a network of Key Informants selected from members of the Community Response Network (CRN) in the 5 operational LGAs in order to identify the pattern of alerts related to the use of transhumance movement.

Two hundred and eighty-seven (287) alerts were recorded by the TTT Early Warning tool for May 2022. These alerts were triangulated to consist of 255 (89%) events and 32 (11%) massive/sudden movements. The coverage of event alerts spread across 79 percent of the wards in the five (5) operational LGAs. Demsa LGA has the highest rate of events alert (36%), followed by Numan, Lamurde, Girei, and Mayo-Belwa at 26%, 21%, 10%, and 7%, respectively. Kodompti and Gyawana wards in Numan and Lamurde LGAs have the highest recorded event alerts of 38 and 23, respectively.

Areas identified as a high risk of conflict occurrence for the month under review are Jada1 and 2, Bare, Bille, Betso, Demsa, Gumti, Gwamba, Kodomti, Kpasham, Konkol, Lafiya, Lamurde, Mayo Farang, MayoInne, MayoKalaye, Shelleng, Vulpi, Yeli, Bebel, Gengle, Mbilla, Pallam, Guyuk wards. These present an essential early warning opportunity to monitor early or massive transhumance events and mitigate potential Agro-Pastoral conflicts in these locations.

The DTM Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is deployed to track and to collect information on large and sudden population movements, provide frequent updates on the scale of displacement and quantify the affected population when needed. As a sub-component of the Mobility Tracking methodology in Nigeria, ETT utilises direct observation and a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population per location, enabling targeted humanitarian 
response planning.

Between 06 and 12 June 2022, a total of 3,581 new arrivals were recorded in Adamawa and Borno States. The new arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Damboa, Gwoza, Hawul, Kala Balge, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected state of Borno and in Fufore, Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa State.

ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: poor living conditions (907 individuals or 25%), improved security (809 individuals or 23%), military operations (753 individuals or 21%), fear of attack (607 individuals or 17%), seasonal farming (344 individuals or 10%), conflicts/attacks (160 individuals or 4%) and family re-unification (1 individual or <1%).

As a result of the rainy season, we would observe that movements triggered by seasonal farming have been on the increase in the past weeks. This is assumed to continue in the coming weeks.

In April 2022, a total of 26,668 movements were observed across five of Ethiopia's flow monitoring points (FMPs). This represents a 25% increase in daily average movements in comparison with March 2022 when an average of 711 movements per day were observed.

Outgoing movements during April have continued to be higher (86.4%) than incoming movements (13.6%). A total of 23,036 outgoing movements were observed of which 10,677 (46.3%) were heading towards Saudi Arabia, 3,260 (14.2%) were going to Kenya, 2,350 (10.2%) were travelling towards Djibouti, 2,047 (8.9%) to Somalia, 1,404 (6.1%) intended to reach South Africa, 837 (3.6%) headed to the United Arab Emirates, and 630 (2.7%) to Sudan while remaining movements were travelling to several Middle Eastern, European and North American countries.

At the same time, 3,632 incoming movements were observed, of which 963 (26.5%) had originated from Djibouti, while 912 (25.1%) came from Sudan, 905 (24.9%) from Somalia, 691 (19%) movements from Kenya, 156 (4.3%) from Yemen and the remaining from Saudi Arabia and Zambia. Almost all of these were Ethiopian nationals who were likely returning home.

In order to gain a better understanding of mobility flows and trends, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) has implemented the Displacement Tracking Matrix’s Flow Monitoring (FM) tool at key transit points across the region. Flow Monitoring activities are conducted in close cooperation with national and local authorities as well as local partners. The Flow Monitoring tool consists of two main components: the Flow Monitoring Registry (FMR), which captures key data on the volume, origin, destination and mode of travel of mobility flows, and the Flow Monitoring Survey (FMS), individual surveys conducted with travellers to gather detailed information about the profiles, migration experience and intentions of migrants. Through these activities, the Flow Monitoring tool collects data on migration flows and trends, traveller profiles, migration journeys, and intentions of migrants, so as to obtain a better understanding of mobility.

In Mali, DTM conducts Flow Monitoring activities at seven Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs) located across six regions, in order to foster a better understanding of the numbers, trends, profiles, and journeys of migration flows crossing these points. 

This reports presents data collected through the Flow Monitoring Registry in May 2022. 

Afin de mieux comprendre les mouvements et tendances migratoires, l’OIM, à travers la Matrice de suivi des déplacements (Displacement Tracking Matrix, DTM), met en œuvre l’activité de Suivi des flux de populations (Flow Monitoring, FM). 

Le suivi des flux, qui est mis en œuvre en étroite collaboration avec les autorités et des partenaires nationaux et locaux, est composé de deux outils: l’enregistrement des flux (Flow Monitoring Registry, FMR), qui recueille des données clés sur l’ampleur, la provenance, la destination et les modalités des flux de mobilité, et les enquêtes individuelles (Flow Monitoring Survey, FMS), conduites auprès des voyageurs afin d’obtenir des informations sur les profils, parcours migratoires, et intentions des migrants. Le suivi des flux de populations récolte ainsi des données sur les flux et tendances migratoires, les profils des voyageurs et les parcours et intentions des migrants, afin de fournir une meilleure compréhension des mobilités. 

Au Mali, la DTM recueille des données au niveau de 7 Points de suivi des flux (Flow Monitoring Points, FMP), répartis dans 6 régions afin d’obtenir une meilleure compréhension de l’ampleur, des tendances, des caractéristiques socio-démographiques et des parcours des flux de voyageurs traversant ces différents points.

Ce rapport présente les données recueillies dans le cadre des activités d’enregistrement des flux durant le mois de mai 2022.

Fear of attacks and subsequent confirmed attacks in Ancuabe district by Non-State Armed Groups triggered the movements of 17,691 individuals within Ancuabe, Chiure, Quissanga, Balama, Mecufi, Mueda, Macomia, Montepuez, Meluco, Namuno, Nampula, Balama, Metuge and Cidade de Pemba. Approximately 671 IDPs have been identified with vulnerabilities. At least 30% of these movements are arrivals in Cidade de Pemba and 33% in Chiure. New arrivals recorded within this report map 7,636 individuals predominantly moving into sites across Chiure, Metuge and Ancuabe.

The objective of the Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) - Movement Alert is to collect information on large and sudden population movements, and to provide support to humanitarian response partners by disseminating data on IDPs for ensuring effective humanitarian response to the affected population. Information is collected through key informant interviews or direct observation. The dashboard provides basic information on displacements, and additional information can be shared upon request. IOM identified 15,479 individual displacement movements in the previous reporting period (02-14 June). Impact of new attacks reported between 9 and 13 June in Ancuabe and Chiure districts account for the increase of displacement movements representing 17,691 individuals. Current figures are to be considered as cumulative displacement movements observed between 02-15 June.

Le suivi des situations d’urgence est une des composantes de la Matrice de suivi des déplacements (DTM) de l’Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations (OIM). Il a pour objectif de recueillir des informations relatives aux déplacements causés par une crise ou des évènements soudains. Il offre une évaluation préliminaire d’une situation et permet de rapidement mettre en œuvre des mécanismes de réponse. L’évaluation a été conduite via des entretiens individuels avec des informateurs clés et des groupes de discussions menés par une équipe multisectorielle et multi acteur, au niveau des communes et des communautés en utilisant l’outil de suivi des situations d’urgence de l’OIM Mauritanie .

Les localités de Lebyadh et Laghdaf, qui composent la commune de Fassala (département de Bassikounou, région du Hodh El Chargui) ont enregistré le 25 et le 26 mai 2022, des pluies diluviennes et des vents violents qui ont provoqué des dégâts matériels et des pertes de bétails au niveau des villages de Lebyadh et Laghdav.

Au total 197 ménages  (1182 individus) ont été affectés dans ces 2 villages avec  au total avec  145 abris détruits (76 abris détruits, 49 endommagés dans le village de Leybadh,  et 69 abris détruits et 20 endommagés à Laghdav).

Par ailleurs, les communautés ont perdu 1 532 têtes de bétails/animaux suite aux intempéries ( 28 gros ruminants et 1504 petits ruminants).