Mongolia – Rapid Assessment on Population, Migration and Needs across Ulaanbaatar City #1 (July 2022) – City-Wide

This study explores eight primary themes across Ulaanbaatar city: namely, population baseline figures, arrivals and departures (migration), employment, financial situation, challenges and security, services and infrastructure, parks and green areas, and children and education. Data is captured via key informant interviews with kheseg leaders, who have been chosen due to their in-depth knowledge of their communities, their resources and local contacts.

Previous IOM studies have found that a combination of complex factors, including land degradation and climate change, are altering traditional migration patterns in Mongolia. Increased frequency of droughts and dzuds, insufficient job opportunities, inadequate living conditions, and rural populations' livestock dependency has directly and reinforced increased levels of migration to urban areas and other aimags.

Understanding the nature of these migration patterns has been hindered by discrepancies between census data, registration data, and the reality of people living in and migrating between different locations across Mongolia.