This report presents the findings from IOM's Migrant Presence Monitoring (MPM) Round 2 data collection exercise conducted in Lebanon. Data collection took place between May and July 2022 and covered all districts in Lebanon. Through annual rounds, the MPM seeks to systematically assess geographic areas in Lebanon to quantify the presence of migrants. The information is used to support humanitarian assistance, coordination, and planning. The MPM relies on key informants who are mostly composed of migrant community representatives, Mukhtars, and Municipality officials, to provide reliable information in their geographical area. The assessed areas are small enough to ensure that the information collected is as detailed, precise, and reliable as possible. As during the 2021 MPM, data was collected on population size (number of migrants) and nationalities. The 2022 MPM also collected sex and age disaggregated data.

The information from IOM-MPM's findings, complementary to data from past assessments, aims to enable partners across the international community and Lebanese partners to have access to an evidence base on migrant presence, to support well-informed, targeted, and coordinated response. The complementary evidence generated from the MPM exercise also serves as a baseline and tertiary source for triangulation for other data collection exercises. For example, MPM data was used to develop of a sampling frame of migrants for the Multi-Sectorial Needs Assessment (MSNA) 2021 and 2022 exercises led by the Humanitarian Country Team (HCT).

The MPM assessment follows the methodology of IOM’s global Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Mobility Tracking component. Tailored to the operational context in Lebanon, the MPM assessment analyzes data to provide multi-layered information on the presence and mobility of migrants. This assessment aims to complement existing data collection exercises and it is implemented in coordination with key actors to maximize synergies, interoperability and avoid duplication.

Between 24 February and 2 October 2022, Ukrainian refugees represented 90 per cent (579,582) of all individuals registered at entry from Ukraine (UKR) to the Republic of Moldova (MDA). The remaining 10 per cent (63,867) were Third Country Nationals (TCNs). Similarly, Ukrainian refugees represent 89 per cent (301,971) of all individuals registered leaving the Republic of Moldova towards Romania (ROU) during the reporting period and the remaining 11 per cent (35,730) were TCNs. This report focuses on the observable trends in the data on TCNs who entered the Republic of Moldova from Ukraine and analyzes data concerning their stay or their subsequent movement out of the country.

Detention Centre Profiling is a component of IOM Libya’s Displacement Tracking Matrix programme. It is a data oriented tool that routinely provides disaggregated sex and age data and key sectoral information on migrants in Libya’s detention centres on the date of assessment.

The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement, and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Four), and activated on a need basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design. 

From 24 February to 31 May, it is estimated that over 74,000 Ukrainians entered the Western Balkans (WB) following the outbreak of the armed conflict in Ukraine. In the same period, nearly 23,000 Ukrainians entered Montenegro, of which nearly 15,000 left the country.
As of 29 May, about 7,700 Ukrainians who have fled the armed conflict were present in Montenegro, a proportionally higher figure than the previous assessment conducted, when about 6,000 Ukrainians were registered in the country. Interestingly, the Ukrainian refugee population currently represents 1.2% of the official Montenegrin population. 3Most of them stay in the coastal area of the country, with friends or relatives or by renting houses/apartments. The cities where there is the greatest presence of Ukrainians are Budva, Bar, Herceg Novi, Tivat and Podgorica.
Between 19 and 31 May, IOM conducted the second rapid displacement and needs assessment in Montenegro in four locations
(Podgorica, Bar, Budva, Herceg Novi) to gather up-to-date information and verify any changes, particularly in terms of the unmet needs of the target population. Compared to the first assessment conducted (available here), this time, the IOM has focused on the coastal area, excluding Bijelo Polje as currently fewer Ukrainians are present there. IOM has decided to focus and prioritize Montenegro as the country continues to have the highest percentage of Ukrainian refugees currently residing in the WB (almost two-thirds of the total Ukrainians present), mainly due to cultural ties, as many have been to the country at other times for tourism reasons or as home/apartment owners but also because the Ukrainian community previously established in the country serves as a pull factor for many fleeing their war-torn homeland. On 13 March 2022, the government of Montenegro issued the decision on granting temporary protection to all persons fleeing Ukraine for a period of one year, renewable. The procedure for obtaining temporary protection should last up to 30 days from the date of submission of the application, during which period, applicants receive a confirmation of submission according to which the most vulnerable categories, such as pregnant women, the chronically ill, children, persons with urgent health problems, can immediately access health care. However, of the 2,530 requests for temporary protection submitted as of March 13, of which 70 per cent adults (76% female and 24% male) and 30 per cent children (of which 23% under 5 years of age), only 434 requests had been resolved.

From 24 February to 06 April, it is estimated that around 40,000 Ukrainians entered the Western Balkans (WB) following the outbreak of the armed conflict in Ukraine. In the same period, an estimated 10,000 Ukrainians entered Montenegro, of which 4,000 left the country. Around 6,000 Ukrainians who fled the armed conflict are currently present in Montenegro. In addition to this, there are around 2,000 Ukrainians who are regular residents of Montenegro. Ukrainian refugees currently represent around 1 per cent of the official Montenegrin population. Most of them are staying in the coastal area of the country, with friends or relatives.
Between 30 March and 06 April, the IOM conducted a rapid displacement and needs assessment in Montenegro in four locations, in Podgorica, Budva, Herceg Novi and Bijelo Polje, to gather more in-depth information on the profiles, intentions and needs of Ukrainians who fled their home country to escape the conflict. The reason for implementing this rapid assessment in Montenegro is that the country has the highest percentage of Ukrainian refugees currently residing in the WB (almost two thirds of the total Ukrainians present). This is mainly due to the cultural linkages with the country, but also to the fact that many Ukrainians have been to the country at other times, having their own house or apartment or having spent the holidays there. On March 13, 2022, the government of Montenegro issued the decision on granting temporary protection to all persons fleeing Ukraine for a period of one year with the possibility of an extension for an additional period. The procedure for obtaining temporary protection lasts up to 30 days from the day the application is submitted.
During this period, applicants receive a confirmation of submission according to which the most vulnerable categories, such as pregnant women, the chronically ill, children, persons with urgent health problems, can immediately access health care

From 24 February to 15 August, it is estimated that around 182,000 Ukrainians entered the Western Balkans (WB) following the
outbreak of the armed conflict in Ukraine. It is estimated that over the period from 24 February to 15 August, nearly 16,000 Ukrainians entered North Macedonia, of which nearly 13,000 left the country. Most of them stay in Skopje, with friends or relatives or by renting houses/apartments. The cities where there is the greatest presence of refugees from Ukraine are Skopje, Bitola, Prilep and Ohrid.
Between 07 July and 15 August, IOM conducted the rapid displacement and needs assessment in North Macedonia in cooperation with the Red Cross in twelve selected locations. The refugees from Ukraine are coming to North Macedonia mainly due to cultural ties, as many have been to the country at other times for tourism reasons but also because the Ukrainian community previously established in the country, despite being small, serves as a pull factor for the ones fleeing their war-torn homeland.

According to the latest available figures from the Turkish Presidency of Migration Management (PMM), there are more than 5* million foreign nationals present in Turkish territory, 3.6* million of whom are seeking international protection.

Most of those seeking international protection are Syrians (3,646,278* individuals) who are granted the temporary protection status in Türkiye. In addition, international protection applicants are most frequently nationals of Afghanistan, the Islamic Republic of Iran and Iraq constitute another group of foreign nationals. According to PMM, there were 29,256* international protection
applicants present in Türkiye in 20211, published annually. Moreover, according to UNHCR**, there are close to 330,000 international protection status holders and asylum-seekers.
In addition, there are 1,363,982* foreign nationals under residence permit holder status; this number includes humanitarian residence holders.

*Data Source PMM, 29.09.2022
**Data source UNHCR, July 2022